Selina Concise Class 9 Biology Solution Chapter No. 3- ‘Tissue: Plant and Animal tissue’ For ICSE Board Students.
A.)
1.)
Answer: c) Parenchyma
Parenchyma found in soft plants and it is thin walled cells, oval, and circular in shape. It stores food as in potatoes.
2.)
Answer: a) fibrous connective tissue
The fibrous connective tissue are made up elongated cells which are known as ‘fibers’ and it forms the tendons and ligaments. Where tendons connect muscle to bone and ligaments connect bone to bone.
3.)
Answer: a) Meristem- dividing cells
Meristem tissue is a type of plant tissue and the cells of meristem tissue can divide to produce new cells. So these are dividing cells.
4.)
Answer: d) Chlorenchyma
The parenchymatous cells of the leaf specially contains chloroplast. These are known as Chlorenchyma.
5.)
Answer:d) Layers of xylem in a stem
Old xylem actually forms wood. And old xylem do not participate in transport. Annual ring are basically xylem rings by which we can determine age of the tree.
6.)
Answer: d) Sclerenchyma
The cells of sclerenchyma develops in thick walk due to lignin and composed of narrow cells. These have become dead and provide strength to plants. So, sclerenchyma are known for non-living cells.
7.)
Answer:c) Tendons
Strong and bundled areolar tissue are fibers and they for tendons that connects muscle to the bone.
8.)
Answer: d) Involuntary and striated
Cardiac muscles specially found in the walls of heart and are uninucleated, striated and branched. Cardiac muscle functions involuntary. So, the option d) is correct one.
B.)
1.)
a)Apical meristematic tissue
b)Protective tissue
c)Columnar epithelium
d)Ligaments
e)Conducting tissue
f)Sclerenchyma
2.)
The scleros means hard and sclerenchyma are the least specialized tissue located in plants. Sclerenchyma made up of narrow cells where it become dead. Due to lignin deposition, thick walls were developed by these cells. The sclerenchyma is tissue which provides strength to the plant parts. They are mainly found in veins and stem of leaves.
3.)
a) A group of similar cells performing a specific function is Tissue
b) Cells least specialized in the plants are Permanent tissue cells
c) Cells responsible for increase in diameter of the stem and root of dicot plants is Cambium.
4.)
a) Meristematic tissue- Present between bark and wood of tree, Branches etc.
b) Cartilage- Tip of the nose, External ear
c) Squamous epithelium- Lymph vessels, lining of the mouth
d) Sclerenchyma- Stem and veins of the leaves
e) Ciliated epithelium- The lining of trachea
f) Ligament- Bones
5.)
a) Squamous epithelium
b) Cuboidal epithelium
c) Neuron
d) Ciliated columnar epithelium
C.)
1.)
Answer:
Ciliated columnar epithelium or ciliated epithelium is thread like protoplasmic structure which is known as Cilia. Cilia continuously lash and move material or are ciliated. In humans, ciliated epithelium are found in the lining of the trachea or wind pipe.
2.)
Answer:
Nervous tissue | Nervous system |
Nervous tissue is responsible for making up the brain, nerves and spinal cord. | Nervous system is responsible for the transmission of impulses between body parts and have network of nerve cells. |
It is a type of tissue | It is a type of system |
Nervous tissue is formed by nerve cells and neuroglia. | Nervous system is formed by spinal cord, brain and nerves. |
3.)
Answer:
The following three tissue found in the human heart:
The cardiac muscles which is a type of muscular tissue. Red blood corpuscles formation by fluid connective tissue which is a type of connective tissue. The lining of blood vessels of the heart is formed by epithelial tissue.
4.)
Answer:
No, you cannot consider a cluster eggs as a tissue because a tissue forms organ. The cells form tissue and tissue forms organs and a cluster of egg will for an individual organism. Egg is a cell but it doesn’t form an organ. So, the tissue is not a cluster of egg.
5.)
Answer:
Striated muscles, unstriated muscles and cardiac muscles are the three types of muscles which are found in the human body. Striated muscles can be controlled by our will and are found in the legs, arms, neck and face etc. unstriated muscles cannot be controlled by our will and are found in the walls of intestine, muscles of iris of the eye and lining of blood vessels etc. Cardiac muscles are present only in the walls of heart and are involuntary when functions.
D.)
1.)
a)
Cell | Tissue |
It is very small, structural and functional unit of living organisms.
Microscopic |
Animals and plants are made up of tissue and cells form tissue.
Macroscopic |
b)
Organ | Organism |
Organs are part of body or organism. | Organism includes bunch of organ system working together. |
c)
Organ | Organelle |
It is a part of body and have specific function | It is a part of cell that have specific function |
d)
Organ | Organ system |
Organs are formed from tissue. | Organ system is formed from bunch of organs. |
2.)
a)
Parenchyma | collenchyma |
The parenchyma found in soft parts like cortex and in the pith. | Collenchyma found in the leaf stalks and below stem’s epidermis. |
b)
Meristematic tissue | Permanent Tissue |
Meristematic tissue consists of all living cells and divide rapidly. | Permanent tissue consists of both living and non-living cell and can be differentiate or cannot. |
c)
Sclerenchyma | Parenchyma |
Sclerenchyma consists of rigid and thick cell wall. | Parenchyma consists of thin cell wall. |
d)
Cells of involuntary | Voluntary muscles |
The involuntary muscles are not under control of individual’s will. | The voluntary muscles are under control of individual’s will. |
e)
Fibers of voluntary muscle | Cardiac muscle |
The fibers of voluntary muscles are found to be attached to the bones and skin. | Cardiac muscles are found only in the heart. |
E.)
1.)
a)
Answer:
The given diagram of tissue is of Phloem tissue. The diagram shows the elongated cells which are placed end to end and forms long tube. Because of this cellular content it is observed that given diagram is of phloem tissue.
b)
Answer:
1- Sieve cell
2 – Phloem parenchyma cell
3 – Companion cell
4 – Sieve plate
c)
Answer:
The phloem tissue gives a passage for downward movement of food. Food in the plants manufactures in the leaves. The phloem tissue found in the leaves and stem of the plant to carry food. It carry food for the plants and are also known for food conducting tissue.
d)
Answer:
The following are functions of parts of phloem tissue:
Sieve cell or tubes – The sieve cells are responsible for the transportation of food from leaves to the other parts of the plant.
Phloem parenchyma cells- It is the storage of fat, starch and other organic food materials.
Companion cell- It helps sieve tube cells in the functioning.
Sieve plates- It allows water and dissolved organic solutes to flow along the sieve tubes.
2.
a)
Answer:
The identified cell from the given diagram is of nerve cell.
b)
Answer:
1-Dendrites
2-Axon
3-Nucleus
4-Cyton
5-Neurolemma
6-Axon endings
c)
Answer:
The neuron or nerve cell is found in the nervous system of the human body and nervous system consist of brain, spinal cord and nerves. The function of these cells is it help to transmit impulses from one part to another part of the body.