Selina Concise Class 8 Biology Solution Chapter No. 8- ‘Diseases and First Aid’ For ICSE Board Students.
Selina Concise Biology Solutions for Class 8th Chapter 8 Diseases and First Aid with easy language, expert answers and doubt clearing sections. The book is especially designed keeping in mind the syllabus of ICSE board and the difficulty level faced by the students of ICSE boards Class 8.
Selina Class 8 Biology Chapter 8 Solution:
Multiple choice questions
1.) Put a tick mark against the correct alternative in the following statements:
(a) A mosquito is a vector for :
(i) Typhoid (ii) Cholera (iii) Malaria (iv) Jaundice
Answer: Answer is (iii) Malaria, others are not mosquito borne diseases.
(b) Dengue is caused by a
(i) Protozoa (ii) Virus (iii) Worm (iv) Fungus
Answer: Answer is (ii) Virus, the name of the virus is Dengue Virus.
(c) The idea of vaccination was conceived by
(i) Charles Darwin (ii) Alexander Flaming (iii) Issac Newton (iv) Edward Jenner
Answer: Answer is (iv) Edward Jenner, others are not involved in vaccination concept.
(d) Which one of the following is not a psychotropic drug ?
(i) Morphine (ii) Cocaine (iii) Heroin (iv) Penicillin
Answer: Answer is (iv) Penicillin, remaining all are the psychotropic drug
(e) Which one of the following is a communicable disease ?
(i) Measles (ii) Cancer (iii) Heart attack (iv) Allergy
Answer: Answer is(i) Measles, others cannot be transmit through contact.
Short Answer Question :
1.)
(a) What is a noncommunicable disease?
Answer:A noncommunicable disease can be defined as the disease which cannot be transmit through the contact called as a noncommunicable disease.
(b) What are communicable disease?
Answer:A communicable disease can be defined as the disease which can be transmit through the contact called as a communicable disease.
(c) How can we control spreading of diseases by mosquitoes and houseflies?
Answer:The spreading of diseases by mosquitoes and houseflies can be controlled by regular cleaning of the surrounding area, pest control in an area and not to store much water.
(d) Public hygiene is equally important as personal hygiene. Give reasons.
Answer: Public hygiene is also important because if people will clean their area and prevent it from dirt storage, regular changing the drinking water, washing of the hands. If all precautions are taken then the public will be prevented by any type of diseases.
2.) Name the following:
(a) A viral disease is caused due to sexual contact with an infected person.- AIDS
(b) A disease caused due to plasmodium.- Malaria
(c) A disease caused by the bite of female Anopheles mosquito.- Malaria
(d) Two viral diseases caused by mosquito bites.- Dengue and Chikungunya
(e) Any droplet borne disease: Pneumonia and Tuberculosis.
3.) Write short notes (2-3 sentences) on the following :
Disease, Immunization, pathogen, AIDS, vaccination, vector.
Answer:
1) Disease: A disease can be regarded as any kind of illness. Any person which is suffering from any type of symptoms such as sneezing, coughing, temperature, pain in any part of the body. Such type of signs are leads to a certain type of disease.
2) Immunization: Immunization can be defined as injecting or orally giving a vaccine by an expertise person with following all the protocols called as immunization.
3) pathogen: A pathogen is the kind of micro-organism which causing the infection to a person. A pathogen is disease causing agent. There are various diseases which causes due to particular type of pathogen.
4) AIDS: AIDS is Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, the disease caused die to HIV virus. HIV is Human Immuno Deficiency Virus. It is one of the life threatening disease and there is no vaccine and treatment available on AIDS.
5) Vaccination :Vaccination can be defined as boosting our immune system to protect from a particular type of disease. Vaccination is one kind of preventive measure. For example :Rabies, Polio can be prevented by vaccinations.
Long Answer Questions (Write the answer in your note book)
1.) What is vaccination? Mention the four ways in which vaccines are prepared, giving the name of one disease for which each type of vaccine is used.
Answer: Vaccination is the term first time given by Edward Jenner. It is the concept of artificially inducing the immunity in a person body to protect from any type of disease.
The vaccine can be prepared by 4 methods:
1) Using killed germs: By this method the vaccines are prepared for typhoid which is TAB vaccine and the vaccine for polio and rabies are also prepared by using killed germs.
2) Using living weakened germs: In this way germs become very weak and cannot induce any type of infection and build the antibodies against that germ
3) Using fully virulent living germs: In this type of vaccination, the virus is inoculated into person’s body. For example: Smallpox vaccine
4) Using toxoids: In this method extract of toxins are used, these toxins secreted by that germ that can be bacteria, virus etc. For this AIDS vaccine attempts has been going on.
2.) Burns can be superficial burns, deep burns and chemical burns. What emergency care what emergency care would you suggest in each case.
Answer: Burns can be superficial burns, deep burns and chemical burns. The emergency care should be taken as follows: 1) Take some cold water on the burnt area in case of superficial wounds. 2) In case of deep wounds don’t pour water. 3) If it is chemical burning by any acid or any chemical. 4) Apply any sterile antiseptic on wound to prevent any type of infection. So these are the precautions should be taken.
3.) Describe the four ways in which communicable diseases are transmitted through various indirect methods.
Answer: The four ways in which communicable diseases are transmitted through various indirect methods.
1) Contaminated food and water or drink: The food can be contaminated due to any infected person or due to using dirty water. So by eating or having intake of such food or water the food borne and water borne diseases can occur.
2)Vectors : Majority of the diseases are vector borne, can be caused due to mosquito, houseflies by biting the host and transmitting the germs in the host so the person will get infected with disease.
3) Touching and sharing items with the infected person : This transmission occurs when any healthy person come in contact with the utensils of patient or direct contact with the patients, for example : AIDS.
4) Droplet infections: The diseases can be spread through sneezing, coughing and can be during talking also. For example :”Pneumonia and Tuberculosis.
Very easy and short answer.Thank you for providing.