NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 20 Solution – Governance At The Union Level
NIOS Class 10 Social Science Solution Chapter 20 Governance At The Union Level. NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 20 Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Class 10 Science Notes.
NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 20 Solution
Board |
NIOS |
Class |
10th (Secondary) |
Subject |
Social Science |
Topic |
Question Answer, Solution, Notes |
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.1
1. How is the President of India elected?
2. Fill in the blanks:
(i) The President is Head ………………..
(ii) In order to be qualified for election as President, a person must:
(a) …………. (b) ………… (c) ……………….
(iii) In the event of a vacancy in the office of the President, …………… shall act as the President of India
(iv) The four major categories of powers of the President are (a) …………………….
(b) ……………………. (c) ……………………. and (d) …………………….
3. How many times does the President convene the sessions of Parliament in a year?
What are the names of the sessions? (Gather this information through books on
Indian Constitution, or through Internet, or by consulting your teachers, classmates and friends.)
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.2
(i) How is the second category of emergency proclaimed? What is its impact on
the State?
(ii) What is the role of the Cabinet headed by the Prime minister in the proclamation of emergency?
(iii) Do you agree that during the period of coalition governments the position of
the President is very effective? Give reasons.
(iv) Which of the following statements are true and which are false?
(a) President is the real head of government.
(b) The President is just a ‘rubber stamp’.
(c) The President neither rules nor reigns.
(d) The President preserves, protects and defends the Constitution.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.3
1. Fill in the blanks:
(a) The Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister is the …………
(b) The President should invite the person who is elected as ………………. of the ……………… to become the Prime Minister.
(c) The Prime Minister is the …………….. head of the
………………
(d) The Ministers are appointed by the President on the recommendations of
the …………….
2. Answer the following questions:
(a) How are the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers dislodged before
the completion of their term?
(b) Who acts as a link between the Council of Ministers and the President?
(c) What are the three categories of the Ministers in the Council of Ministers?
(d) Who presides over the meetings of the Cabinet?
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.4
1. Answer the following questions:
(i) What is the maximum strength of the Lok Sabha?
(ii) What is the tenure of the members of Rajya Sabha?
(iii) Which house of Parliament is a permanent body?
(iv) Who is the Chairman of Rajya Sabha?
(v) What are the functions of the Speaker of Lok Sabha?
(vi) What are the qualifications for being a candidate in the Lok Sabha elections?
2. Fill in the blanks:
(i) An Ordinary Bill can be introduced in ………………………
(ii) If the differences between both the Houses continue, the President convenes a ……………………… session of Parliament.
(iii) A money bill can be introduced only in the ………………………
(iv) For having a control over the Council of Ministers, both Houses can (i) …………. and (ii) move …………….. motions.
3. Which of the following statements is true and which is false:
(i) Ordinary bill cannot be introduced in the Rajya Sabha.
(ii) Money bill can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha.
(iii) No bill can become a law unless it is signed by the President.
(iv) In the joint session convened on account of the differences between two
houses on a bill, Lok Sabha has an upper hand over the Rajya Sabha.
4. What qualities would you like to see in Members/Ministers when they participate in the proceedings of the Houses of Parliament?
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.5
1. Fill in the blanks:
(i) India has a ……………………. judiciary
(ii) The Chief Justice and Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by
…………………….
(iii) A Judge of the Supreme Court can be removed through the process of
…………………….
(iv) The ultimate power of interpreting the Indian Constitution lies with the
…………………….
2. Which of the following statements is true and which one false?
(i) The Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the Chief Justice of India
(ii) The Supreme Court has a Chief Justice and 30 Judges.
(iii) Judges of Supreme Court hold office till they attain the age of 65 years.
(iv) Judicial activism has concentrated on giving the disadvantaged the access to justice.
(v) The President of India must accept the advice given by the Supreme Court
on the matter that was referred to it by the President for advice.
Answers-
Chapter 20:
IN text questions 20.1
1)The President of India electedby an Electoral College which consists of the elected members of the two Houses of the Parliament as well as of the State Legislative Assemblies. The voting is by secret ballot. He/ She is elected according to the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
2) (i) of the State (ii) (a) be a citizen of India (b) have completed the age of 35 years (c) be qualified for being elected as a Member of Lok Sabha (d) not hold any office of profit (iii) the Vice President of India (iv) (a) Executive Powers (b) Legislative Powers (c) Financial Powers (d) Judicial Powers
3)The President convene the sessions of Parliament in a year 3 times. Budget Session, Monsoon session, Winter Session.
IN text questions 20.2
1) The second category of emergency proclaimed by the constitutional machinery of any State breaks down and the President is satisfied on the basis of the report of the Governor or otherwise that the State cannot be administered in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution.
Impact: During this period the concerned State Assembly is either dissolved or remains suspended. The Governor of the State performs all the executive functions in the name of the President.
2)The role of the Cabinet headed by the Prime minister in the proclamation of emergency is when the President can issue a proclamation only when such a decision has been communicated to him/her in writing by the Union Cabinet headed by the Prime Minister.
4)Do it yourself
5) (a) false (b) true (c) true (d) true
IN text questions 20.3
1) (a) real executive (b) leader, majority (c) real, government (d) Prime Minister
2) (a) the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers dislodged before the completion of their term, if Lok Sabha passes a no-confidence motion against the Council of Ministers
(b) The Prime Minister
(c) Three categories of the Ministers in the Council of Ministers are Cabinet Minister, Minister of State, and Deputy Minister.
(d) The Prime Minister.
IN text questions 20.4
1) (i) the maximum strength of the Lok Sabha is 550
(ii) 6 years
(iii) Rajya Sabha
(iv) The Vice President of India
(v) The functions of the Speaker of Lok Sabha is to preside over the sessions, maintain order and discipline, to allow members to speak, to decide if a bill is a money bill and to preside over the joint session of Parliament
(vi) The qualifications for being a candidate in the Lok Sabha elections are: (i) a citizen of India (ii) of at least 25 years of age (iii) not hold an office of profit
2) (a) any House of Parliament (b) joint (c) Lok Sabha (d) (i) ask questions and supplementary questions, (ii) adjournment motion and calling attention
3) (a) false (b) true (c) true (d) true
4)Do it yourself
IN text questions 20.5
1) (i) unified (ii) the President of India (iii) impeachment (iv) the Supreme Court
2) (i) false (ii) true (iii) true (iv) true (v) true
Terminal Exercises:
1) The President is indirectly elected by an Electoral College which consists of the elected members of both the Houses of Parliament as well as of State Legislative Assemblies. Moreover, the elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of the Union Territories of Delhi and Puducherry also participate in this election. The voting is by secret ballot. She/he is elected according to the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
2) (a) Executive Powers: The Constitution of India vests the executive powers of the Union in the President. He/she appoints the Prime Minister, who is the leader of the majority party or group of parties having majority in the lower house, the Lok Sabha. He/she also appoints other members of the Council of Ministers on the recommendations of the Prime Minister. Since the President is the formal head of the administration, all executive actions of the Union must be expressed to be taken in the name of the President. The executive power of the President includes the power of appointment of Governors in the States, the Attorney General of India, the Comptroller and the Auditor General of India, the Ambassadors and High Commissioners as well as the Administrators of the Union Territories.
(b) Legislative Powers: The President is an integral part of the Parliament and in this capacity he/she enjoys many legislative powers. The President addresses the Parliament every year at the commencement of the first session and after each general election to the Lok Sabha. He/she summons and prorogues the sessions of Parliament and can dissolve the Lok Sabha on the advice of the Council of Ministers.
(c) Financial Powers: In addition to the above mentioned executive and legislative powers, the President enjoys certain financial powers. No money bill can be introduced in the Lok Sabha without his/her prior recommendation. In other words, all the money bills are initiated in the Lok Sabha only with the assent of the President.
(d) Judicial Powers: The President of India, as Head of the State, possesses certain special judicial prerogatives. He/she has the power to grant pardon or reduce sentence of a person convicted of offence. For example, he/she can suspend, commit or reprieve the sentence of a criminal convicted by a court of law, or even by a military court.
3) The President shall exercise his/her powers on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head, and that advice will be binding. The Prime Minister who makes and unmakes the Council of Ministers. It is on his/ her recommendations that the President appoints the members of the Council of Ministers and distributes portfolios among them. He/she presides over the meetings of the Cabinet and communicates its decisions to the President. The Prime Minister acts as the link between the President and the Council of Ministers. If, due to any reason, he/she submits his/her resignation, the entire Council of Ministers stands dissolved.
4) Rajya Sabha is not only the second chamber but also a secondary chamber:(i) Lok Sabha is directly elected and the true representative of the people of India. Rajya Sabha on the other hand is indirectly elected. Moreover, Rajya Sabha is a permanent body, whereas the Lok Sabha is elected for a definite periodof 5 years. Its tenure can be increased and it can be dissolved even earlier than the expiry of the term. (ii) In case of an ordinary bill, both the Houses have equal powers. But if the differences between both houses continue and a joint session is convened, the Lok Sabha gets an upper hand, as its membership is more than double of that of the Rajya Sabha. (iii) In respect of having control over the Council of Ministers, once again the Lok Sabha is more effective. Rajya Sabha can have some control by debating on the policies and programmes and criticizing the government. But only the Lok Sabha has the power to pass a no-confidence motion which if done, the Council of Minister resigns. (iv) With regard to the constitutional amendments, election of the President and the Vice-President and impeachment or removal of President, Vice President, Chief Justice and Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha have almost similar powers. (v) Whereas in financial matters, the Lok Sabha has an upper hand, it is only Rajya Sabha that may create a new All India Service and declare a subject in the State List to be of national importance.
5) Supreme Court represents the Union judiciary., the Supreme Court of India consists of the Chief Justice and other Judges whose number is prescribed by the Parliament from time to time. In 1950 there was a Chief Justice and there were 7 Judges. But the number of Judges continued increasing as per the need. The Supreme Court, at present, consists of the Chief Justice and 30 Judges. The Chief Justice and other Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President of India.The Supreme Court has three types of jurisdiction — Original, Appellate and Advisory.
6) Do it yourself.