NCERT Exemplar Solution Class 9 Science Chapter 15
NCERT Exemplar Solution Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Improvement in food resources all Questions Answer Solution. NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Solution PDF.
NCERT Exemplar Solution Class 9 Science Chapter 15: Overview
NCERT Exemplar Solution Class 9 Science Chapter 15 |
|
Board |
NCERT |
Topic |
Exemplar Problem Solution |
Class |
9 |
Subject |
Science |
Chapter |
15 |
Chapter Name |
Improvement in food resources |
NCERT Exemplar Solution Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Improvement in food resources
Multiple Choice questions
1) Why one is an oil yielding plant among the following?
a) Lentil
b) Sunflower
c) Cauliflower
d) Hibiscus
Answer:- b) sunflower
Sunflower is an oil yielding plant. Sunflower seeds are used to make oil. Hibiscus is flower, lentil is pulses, and Cauliflower is the vegetable.
2) Which one is not a source of carbohydrates?
a) Rice
b) Millets
c) Sorghum
d) Gram
Answer:- d) gram
Gram is the source of protein not carbohydrate.
3) Find out the wrong statement from the following
a) White revolution is meant for Increase in milk production
b) Blue revolution is meant for Increase in fish production
c) Increasing food production without compromising with environmental quality is called as sustainable agriculture.
d) None of the above
Answer:- d) None of the above
All the above statements are correct.
4) To solve the food problem of the country, which among the following is necessary?
a) Increased production and storage of food grains
b) Easy access of people to the food grain
c) People should have money to purchase the grains
d) All of the above
Answer:- d) all of the above
For solving Food problem in the country all the given statements are important. Therefore all of the above Answer is correct.
5) Find out the correct sentence
I) Hybridisation means crossing between genetically dissimilar plants
II) Cross between two verities is called as inter species hybridisation
III) Introducing genes of desired character into a plant gives genetically modified crop
IV) Cross between plants of two species is called as inter varietal hybridisation.
a) I and III
b) II and IV
c) II and III
d) III and IV
Answer:- a) I and III
Hybridisation means crossing between genetically dissimilar plants and Introducing genes of desired character into a plant gives genetically modified crop these two sentences are correct. And cross between two varieties is known as inter varietal hybridisation and cross between two species is known as interspecies hybridisation.
6) Weeds affect the crop plants by
a) of plants in filed before they grow
b) Dominating the plants to grow
c) Competing for various resources crops (plants) causing low availability of nutrients.
d) All of the above
Answer:- c) Competing for various resources crops (plants ) causing low availability of nutrients.
Weeds are unnecessary plants which are grown into the main crops without bowing. These weeds are competition for the main crop in food and water. Thus crops causes low availability of nutrients.
7) Which of the following species of honey bee is an Italian species?
a) Apis dorsata
b) Apis florae
c) Apis ceranaIndica
d) Apis mellifera
Answer:- d) Apis melifera
Apis melifera is Italian species while the other are Indian species.
8) Find out the correct sentence about manure
I) Manure contains large quantities of organic matter and small quantities of nutrients.
II) It increases the water holding capacity of sandy soil.
III) It helps in draining out of excess of water from clayey soil.
IV) It’s excessive use pollutes environment because it is made of animal excretory waste.
a) I and III
b) I and II
c) II and III
d) III and IV
Answer:- b) I and III
Manure contains large quantities of organic matter and small quantities of nutrients, and It helps in draining out of excess of water from clayey soil. These two sentences are correct about the manure. Manure is not pollutant, it is safe to use and does not cause Pollution.
9) Cattle husbandry is done for the following purposes.
I) Milk production
II) Agricultural work
III) Meat production
IV) Egg production
a) I , II and III
b) II, III and IV
c) III and IV
d) I and IV
Answer:- a) I, II and III
Milk production, Agricultural work, Meat production these all are uses of cattle husbandry. But egg production is not done by cattle it is the product of poultry farming.
10) Which of the following are Indian cattle?
I) Bosindicus
II) Bosdomestica
III) Bosbubalis
IV) Bos vulgaris
a) I and III
b) I and II
c) II and III
d) III and IV
Answer:- a) I and III
Bosindicus and Bosbubalis are the two varieties which are Indian breed of cattle while the other two are exotic breed of cattle.
11) Which of the following are exotic breeds?
I) Brawn
II) Jersey
III) Brown swiss
IV) Jersey swiss
a) I and III
b) II and III\
c) I and IV
d) II and IV
Answer:- b) II and III
Jersey and brown swiss are exotic breeds.
12) Poultry farming is undertaken to raise following
I) Egg production
II) Feather production
III) Chicken meat
IV) Milk production
a) I and III
b) I and II
c) II and III
d) III and IV
Answer:- a) I and III
Poultry farming is mainly meant for the production of meat and eggs. Poultry birds cannot give milk and feathers are not used for any purpose.
13) Poultry fowl are susceptible to the following pathogens
a) Viruses
b) Bacteria
c) Fungi
d) All of the above
Answer:- d) All of the above
Poultry can be attacked by the any of the pathogens like virus , bacteria and fungi. Many diseases are caused to the poultry chicks due to these pathogens.
14) Which of the following fishes is a surface feeder ?
a) Rohus
b) Mrigals
c) Common carps
d) Catlas
Answer:- d) catlas
Catlas is the surface feeder fish .
Rohus aremiddle zone feeder.
Common craps are bottom feeders.
15) Animal husbandry is the scientific management of
I) Animal breeding
II) Culture of animal
III) Animal livestock
IV) Rearing of animals
a) I, II and III
b) II, III and IV
c) I, II and IV
d) I, III, and IV
Answer:- c) I, III and IV
Animal husbandry is the scientific management of Animal breeding, Animal livestock, Rearing of animals. Animal husbandry is mainly meant for the milk production and meat production.
16) Which one of the following nutrients is not available in Fertilizers?
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Iron
d) Potassium
Answer:- c) Iron
The plants need less amount of iron which they get from the soil. As soil is source of many minerals. Soil provide the iron to the plants. Thus there is no any fertilizer which includes iron.
17) Preventive and Control measures adopted for the storage of grains include
a) Strict cleaning
b) Proper disjoining
c) Fumigation
d) All of the above
Answer:- d) All of the above
All the methods are preventive measures for the storage of grains. These is done because grains should not be attacked by any Bacteria or fungi due to humidity. Also for the pest which attacked over the grains.
Short Answer Questions
18) Match the Column A with the column B
A B
Catla I) bottom feeders
Rohu II) surface feeders
Mrigal III) middle-zone feeders
Fish farming IV) culture fishery
Answer:-
A B
Catla→ ii) Surface feeders
Rohu→ iii) middle zone feeders
Mrigal→ I) bottom feeders
Fish farming → culture fishery
19) Fill in the blanks
a) Pigeon pea is a good source of __________.
Answer:- pigeon pea is a good source of protein .
b) Berseem is an important __________ crop.
Answer:- Berseem is an important fodder crop.
c) The crops which are grown in rainy season are called _________ crops.
Answer:- The crops which are grown in rainy season are called khariff crops.
d) __________ are rich in Vitamins.
Answer:- vegetables are rich in vitamins.
e) __________ crop grows in winter season.
Answer:- Rabi crop grows in winter season.
20) What is a GM crop? Name any one such crop which is grown in India.
Answer:- GM crops are known as Genetically modified crops. These crops contains modified gene in it. The genes are modified using gene transfer technology and a new useful gene is introduced into the crop. These technologies is also useful for removing the bad gene or the defective gene. The example of these GM crop is BT- cotton.
21) List out some useful traits in improved crop?
Answer:-
- a) Improved crops that is genetically modified crops gives high yield
- b) The nutritional quality of the improved crops are increased.
- c) Maturity period of the crop is changed
- d) Improved crops has wide range of adaptability.
- e) Improved crops have desired characteristics.
- f) Improved crops gives the speedy growth of plants.
22) Why is Organic matter important for crop production?
Answer:- organic matter contains the dead and decaying matter which have high amount of nutrients. These nutrients are very much important for the growth of the plants. These organic matte improves the structure of soil. The water holding capacity if the soil Increases due to it. These benefits the plants for getting better nutrition and water. Hence improves the production of crop.
23) Why is excess use of fertilizers dangerous for environment?
Answer:- Fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides contains lots of chemicals. These chemicals are manmade and very dangerous for the crop and soil. These chemicals have harmful residue. These fertilizers becomes pollutants, which leaves the traces in air, soil and water. Thus these excess use of Fertilizers have dangerous effects on environment.
24) Give one word for following
a) Farming without the use of chemicals as Fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides is known as ____________.
Answer:- Farming without the use of chemicals as Fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides is known as organic farming.
b) Growing of wheat and groundnut on the same field is called as _________.
Answer:- growing of wheat and groundnut on the same field is called as mixedcropping.
c) Planting soyabean and maize in alternate rows in the same field is called as ______.
Answer:- planting soyabean and maize in alternate rows in the same field is called as Inter cropping.
d) Growing different crops on a piece of land in pre planned succession is known as ________.
Answer:- Growing different crops on a piece of land in pre planned succession is known as crop rotation.
e) Xanthium and parthenium are commonly known as _______.
Answer:- Xanthium and parthenium are commonly known as weeds.
f) Casual organism of any disease is called as _________.
Answer:- Crops organism of any disease is called as pathogen.
25) Match the following A and B.
A |
B |
A cattle used for tilling and carting | I milk producing female |
B. Indian breed of chicken | II) Broiler |
C. Sahiwal, Red sindhi | III) Drought animals |
D. Milch | IV) local breed of cattle |
E. Chicken better fed for obtaining meat | V) Aseel |
Answer:-
A) | B)
Answer
|
A cattle used for tilling and carting.
|
III) Drought animals |
B Indian breed of chicken
|
V) aseel |
C sahiwal, Red sindhi
|
IV) local breeds of cattle
|
D milch
|
I milk producing female
|
E chicken better feed for obtaining meat
|
II) Broiler |
26) If there is low rainfall on a village throughout the year, what measures will you suggest to the farmers for better cropping?
Answer:- The farmers living in the low rainfall area should take the crops which are drought resistant. Some hybrid crops are now have the ability of resistant the drought for some extent. Some varieties are early maturing varieties, which can be used by farmers. they can give the water to the plants with the help of irrigation system. The soil should give the humus enriched manure which increase the water holding capacity of soil.
27) Group the following and tabulate them as energy yielding, protein yielding, oil yielding and fodder yielding .
wheat, rice, berseem, maize, gram, oat, pigeon gram, Sudan grass, lentil, soyabean, groundnut, castor, and mustard.
Answer:-
1) Energy yielding | Rice, maize , wheat |
2) Protein Yielding | Pigeon Gram, soyabean, lentils, gram
|
3) Oil yielding | Castor, soyabean, groundnut, mustard
|
4) Fodder yielding | Oats, Sudan grass, barseem
|
28) Define the term hybridization and photoperiod.
Answer:-
- Hybridization :-
Hybridization is the crossing over between the two genetically different plants or organisms. - Photoperiod :-
Photoperiod is the time period of sunlight required by the plant. Sunlight is very much important for the plants growth and maturity of the plant.
29) Fill in the blanks.
a) Photoperiod affect the __________.
Answer:- photoperiod affect the flowering of plants.
b) Kharif crops are cultivated from ________ to _________.
Answer:- kharif crops are cultivated from June to October .
c) Rabi crops are cultivated from __________ to __________.
Answer:- Rabi crops are cultivated from November to April.
d) Paddy, maize, green gram and Black gram are ________ crops.
Answer:- Paddy, maize, green gram and Balck gram are Kharif crops.
e) Wheat, gram, pea, mustard are ________ crops.
Answer:- Wheat, gram, pea, mustard are Rabi crops.
30) Cultivation practices and crop yield are related to environmental condition.
Answer:- There are two types of crops which are practiced related to the environmental condition which are khariff and rabbi. These two types of crops have different requirements according to the environment. Khariff crops are practiced during rainy season and the rabbi crops are practiced during winter season. Khariff crops needs more water and rainy season for the well growth of plants and rabbi needs humidity. Hence these practices are related to the environmental conditions.
31) Fill in the blanks.
a) A total of __________ nutrients are essential to plants.
Answer:- A total of 16 nutrients are essential to plants.
b) _______ and ______ are supplied by air to plants.
Answer:- carbon and oxygen are supplied by air to plants.
c) _________ is supplied by water to plants.
Answer:- Hydrogen is supplied by water to plants.
d) Soil Supply ________ Nutrients to plants.
Answer:- soil supply 13 Nutrients to plants.
e) ________ nutrients are required in large quantity and called as ________.
Answer:- six are required in large quantity and called as macronutrients.
f) ________ nutrients are needed in small quantity for plants and are called __________.
Answer:- seven nutrients are needed in small quantity for plants and are called micronutrients.
32) Differentiate between Compost and vermicompost ?
Answer:-
compost
|
Vermicompost |
1) It contains the
Farm waste, vegetables waste,livestock waste,
|
· It contains the farm waste, and other Organic matters, like livestock excreta etc |
2) It is also formed from the domestic waste, paddy straws of old crops. | · These materials is decomposed using the earthworms. |
3) Weeds , trees and dead and decaying Animals. Etc. | · Earthworms feed on the waste and excrete. These makes soil more fertile. |
4) These all matter are decomposed and then it forms the manure which is known As compost.
|
· Hence it is known as vermi means Earthworms compost. |
33) Arrange the statements in correct sequence of preparation of green manure.
a) Green plants are decomposed in soil.
b) Green plants are cultivated for preparing manure or crop plant parts are used.
c) Plants are ploughed and mixed into the soil.
d) After decomposition it becomes green manure.
Answer:-The correct sequence of the preparation of green manure is as follows –
Green plants are cultivated for preparing manure or crop plant parts are used.
↓
Plants are ploughed and mixed into the soil.
↓
Green plants are decomposed in soil.
↓
After decomposition it becomes green manure.
34) An Italian bee variety A. Mellifera has been introduced in India for honey production. Write about its merits over other varieties.
Answer:- The merits of the Apis mellifera over the other verities are – the Apis mellifera has the large capacity of collecting honey. A. Mellifera has good breeding capacity. A. melliferastings less. It has the quality of staying in the bee hives for longer period.
35) In agricultural practices, higher input gives higher yield. Discuss how?
Answer:- Yes, the statement that in agricultural practices higher input gives higher yield is absolutely correct. Higher practices includes maximum attention towards crops, seeds quality and also investing more money. The modified technology can be helpful to the farmers these will make the process more easy. Thus more the money farmer will invest in the practice more benefits he will get .
Long Answer Questions
36) Discuss the role of hybridization in crop improvement.
Answer:- Hybridization is the crossing over between the two genetically different plants, to get the desirable off springs. The processing of Hybridization is for getting the desirable characters within the crop, also eliminate the unwanted characters. These also boost up the crop yield. The hybrid crops can be induced with the pest control character, high yielding, Drought and disease resistance. These characters help in crop improvement.
37) Define
I) Vermicompost
Answer:-
The Compost in which the earthworms are used for the formation of manure is known as vermicompost. Earthworms helps to change the organic waste into the manure with high nutrients.
II) green manure
Answer:-
These is the type of manure which is formed from the green plants, Thus it is called as green manure. These is formed from the waste of farm after cutting thecrops.
III) bio fertilizer
Answer:-
Bio fertilizer is the organic fertilizer which is made up by using the living organisms or useful plants. These help the plants to grow and get the nutrients.
38) Discuss various methods for weed control.
Answer:-
- 1) can remove the weeds by hands or using any agricultural weapons. These us also known as mechanical removal of weeds.
- 2) By crop rotation we can control weeds.
- 3) Use of fertilizers and weedicides is also one of the method used for the weed control.
39) Differentiate between the following
I) Capture fishery and culture fishery
Answer:- Capture fishery is the naturally catching the fishes from the places like sea, rivers, ponds etc. by the fisherman.
Culture fishery is the type of fishery where fishes are reared in the tanks for the business purpose.
II) Mixed cropping and inter cropping
Answer:- Mixed cropping is the type of farming in which two or more crops are grown at once in the same filed. Inter cropping is the type of farming in which two or more crops are grown in same filed but in proper manner or patterns.
III) Bee keeping and poultry farming.
Answer:-
the rearing of bees for the honey is known as bee keeping. Poultry farming is the rearing of birds like chicken, duck etc. for obtaining meat and eggs.
40) Give the merits and demerits of fish culture?
Answer:-
The rearing of fishes in the tanks for the commercial purposes is known as fish culture.
Merits of the fish culture are –
• Fishes are obtained in any place without any natural resources.
• As fishes are good source of protein fish culture provides fishes at any place.
• Fish culture can be done in small place or in tanks.
Demerits of fish culture are –
• We cannot rear all the verities in the fish culture.
• We can rear only limited types of fishes which are obtained in fresh water.
• These is against the biodiversity.
41) What to you understand by composite fish culture?
Answer:- The fish culture in which the rearing of 4 to 5 types of fishes can be done together in single pond or tank is known as composite fish culture. But these species should not be competitor of each other. These is done because if any one of the species eats the another species of fish then it will be worst situation. Their eating habits or feeding should be different so that they will not compete with each other for food. Eg. Rohu, catala, and common craps feed as surface feeder, Middle zone feeder and bottom zone feeder respectively.
42) Why bee keeping should be done in good pasturage?
Answer:- Good pasturage confirms the good quality of honey. Honey bees form the honey from the nectar of flower. The single type of flower used for the making of honey will give the same taste of honey and also consistency will be maintained. Good pasturage will increase the quantity of bees also quality of honey.
43) Write the modes by which insects affect the crop yield.
Answer:- There are three different type of modes of affecting of the crop by insects-
Which are borers, suckers and cutters.
- Borers :- these is the type in which insects bore a hole inside the grains or plants stem. These use it as house and lives over there also they feed on the plants parts. These deceases the crop yield.
- Suckers :- these is the type in which some insects suck the cell sap of plants. Which decreases the yield of crop.
- Cutters :- these is the type in which insects cut down the parts like flower, fruits, leaves or small stems. These also decreases the crop yield
44) Discuss why pesticides are used in very accurate concentration and in very appropriate manner?
Answer:- Pesticides contains high doses of chemicals these chemicals can also harm the crop, the excess use of pesticides can cause worst effect on the main crops. It can reduce the crops yield, pesticides is also responsible for killing the useful microorganisms in the soil. Thus soil gets infertile. These also causes pollution of soil. Hence it is used in the accurate concentration and use in very appropriate manner.
45) Name two types of animal feed and write their functions.
Answer:- Roughages and concentrates are the two types of animal feed and the function of Roughages is to provide proper digestion to the animals. Roughages consists of green grass, husk of grains, and chopped leaves. Roughages are good source of fibres. The function of concentrates is to provide the proteins and nutrients, minerals etc. to the animals. These are given to animals as per the requirements.
46) What should happen if poultry birds are larger in size and have no summer adaptation capacity? In order to get small sized poultry birds, having Summer adaptability, what method will be employed?
Answer:- The cross breeding method should be employed between the two types of poultry birds. After cross breeding the good characters will be seen in the next generation. Small size is good for small feed and small place. Also big size is good for high meat. Temperature resistance is required for the high production of eggs. These qualities can be inter changed by cross breeding in the poultry birds.
47) Suggest some preventive measures for the diseases of poultry birds.
Answer:- The preventive measures for the poultry birds against the diseases are –
Cleanliness should be maintained around them.
the area where the poultry birds are living should be well ventilated, so that clean air reach to them.
The shed should be sanitized and disinfected.
Proper vaccination should be given to each bird to prevent the disease like bird flu.
48) Figure, 15.1 shows the two crop fields [ plot A and B] have been treated by manures and chemical fertilizers respectively, keeping other environmental factors same. Observe the graph and answer the following questions.
I) Why does plot B show sudden increase and then gradual decrease in yield?
Answer:- Plot B shows sudden increase due to use of chemical fertilizers , the yield is maximum thus plot shows sudden Increase. But it shows gradual decrease sue to continue and excess use of Fertilizers makes the soil infertile slowly and these makes the decrease in crop yield.
II) Why is the Highest peak in plot A graph slightly delayed?
Answer:- Manures are good source of nutrients which are needed by plants and soil both. It provides the nutrients slowly and continuously to soil. Thus graph shows slightly delayed but continued.
III) What is the reason for the different pattern of the two graphs?
Answer:- The difference in the two graph is due the difference in the twomethods of realising nutrients into soil.
49) Complete the crosswordpuzzle (fig. 15.2)
Across
1 yielding plant (9)
3 grown in winter season (4)
5 Rhizobium (8)
9 honey bee (4)
Downward
2 animal feed (6)
4 micronutrient (5)
6 unwanted plant in crop fields (4)
7 an exotic breed of chicken (7)
8 bottom feeders in fish pond (7)
10 a Marine fish (4)
Answer:-
Across :-
1) Sunflower, 3) Rabi , 5) Nitrogen, 9) Apis
Downward :-
2) Fodder , 4) Boron, 6) weed, 7) leghorn,8) Mrigals, 9) Tuna
Here is your solution of NCERT Exemplar Solution Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Improvement in food resources .
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