Difference between Electric current and potential difference
Electric current
1) Every metal consist of some loosely bounded electrons in its last orbit.
2) These electrons can made available for conduction if any external source of energy is given, and acts as charge carriers.
3) Electric current is defined as the amount of flow of charges through given cross-section of conductor in given unit time OR the rate of flow of charge is called as electric current.
4) If ‘q’ be the charge flowing through the conductor in time ‘t’ then the current is give as
∴ I = q/t
5) SI unit of charge is coulomb and that of time is second, hence the SI unit of electric curretn is coulomb/second.
6) If 1 coulomb of charge flows through the conductor for 1 second , then current is said to be equal to 1 ampere.
∴1 A = (1 C)/(1 s)
7) When charge of 5 mC flows through the conductor for 2 seconds, then the current in the current is..
Potential difference
1) Electrons in metal wire flows only when there is the difference of energy at both the terminals of wire.
2) This difference is maintained by the device like cell.
3) The amount of work done by unit positive charge in moving from one end to other is called as potential difference.It is denoted as ‘V’
4) When charge ‘Q’ is displaced through the conductor and produces work ‘W’, then amount of potential between two terminals of conductor is the as,
∴ V = W/Q
5) SI unit of potential difference is named after “Volta’ as volt (V).
6) If 1 joule of work is done in displacing of 1 coulomb of charge, then the potential difference is said to be equal to 1 volt.
∴ 1 V = (1 J)/(1 C)
7) When 100 J of work is done by displacing the charge of 25 C through conductor, then the potential difference between the terminals of conductor is,