CBSE Notes for Class 9 Chapter 13 Why Do We Fall Ill?
Chapter 13 Why do We Fall Ill? CBSE Notes for Class 9 : The Why do We Fall Ill? The chapter focuses on the notions of health and disease. The actual definition of ‘Health’ is the well-being of all kinds of mental, social, and physical conditions. For proper body function, everyone needs to maintain a healthy life or good health. Other than this, our health depends upon our surrounding environment. This chapter will make you understand that every activity of the body is interconnected.
Health
A state when a body functions well because of physical, mental, and social being is called Health. The health of an organism totally depends upon its inside and surrounding environment. People need to manage garbage and drains for the organism’s well-being. Every organism has its own definition of being healthy.
Disease
The disease is mainly referred to as being uncomfortable. If any specific function is not happening in our body or if we feel that one part of our body is not working properly then it is said to be a disease. We will come to know that it is not functioning well with the help of symptoms or signs.
Acute Disease
A kind of disease that stays for a very short period of time, this is known as Acute Disease. The common cold is an example of an acute disease that goes away in a short time.
Chronic Disease
A kind of disease that stays for a long period of time is known as Chronic Disease. Elephantiasis infection is an example of a chronic disease that can last for a long time. For a healthy life, all the functions of the body are necessary.
Causes of Disease
There are a lot of factors that affect the health of an organism and then we can say the disease is caused. Viruses or bacteria are pathogens that are mainly responsible for causing disease. Sometimes, genetic mutation-like factors can become causes of disease.
Infectious Disease and Non-infectious Disease
When a certain pathogen is responsible for the cause of disease from one person to another then it is known as an Infectious disease. When one individual or person is unable to spread a disease then the condition is known as a Non-infectious disease. The treatment for diseases depends on the different types of disease.
The infectious agent in Infectious Disease
- In many organisms, external agents like pathogens are the main cause of disease. Microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa are harmful pathogens.
- Organisms can get the infection by these pathogens easily. The viruses cannot replicate by themselves until they get a host for the replication.
- Virus is pathogenic in nature so it destroys the host cell by entering the host cell.
- This microorganism can cause various diseases like fever, influenza, cold, and AIDs.
- Bacteria is another pathogen that is present in the surrounding environment. They can be either beneficial or harmful to human beings. Also, these are useful for nitrogen fixation and digestion.
- Fungi are Eukaryotic organisms that mostly cause skin infections like nail infections, ring infections, etc.
- Another causative agents that pass infectious disease from a pathogen to a host are vectors. Mice, mosquitoes, and Rats are examples of vectors.
- Parasites are harmful to the host and it harms the organism by living in their body. For multiplication and growth, parasites need the body of a host.
- Food, air, water, body fluids, and contact can spread infectious diseases among organisms.
Principles of treatment
There are two ways to cure the disease. For the treatment of a disease, you need to reduce the effects of the disease by giving medications. In another way, you can kill the main cause of disease.
Antibiotics
The biochemical pathway of bacteria is blocked by certain drugs or medicines. This is done to treat harmful bacterial infections in the organisms. The functions of antimicrobial drugs or Antibiotics include nucleic acid Synthesis, Protein synthesis inhibition, Antimetabolite activity inhibition, and Cell membrane Alteration.
Preventive Measures to avoid disease
- Always cover food because the flies will contaminate it
- Wash hands regularly before having food as well as after using the toilet.
- Open defecation should be avoided.
- Keep drinking water clean and free of microbes.
- After buying fruits and vegetables, wash them all and clean them.
- Having a balanced diet can help you to boost your immune.
- Immunisation.
- Exercise regularly.
Immunization
If an individual becomes resistant to an infectious disease then the process is known as Immunisation.
Frequently Asked Questions on CBSE Notes Why do we fall Ill
What is the Immune System?
The immune system is a kind of system that plays a role against infringing microorganisms and keeps us healthy. It is called the immune system.
Can you define Bacteriophage?
Yes, if a bacteria is getting infected with any type of virus then it is known as Bacteriophage. Bacteriophage is also referred to as a ‘Bacteria eater’.
What is health?
Health is defined as a state in which a body functions well because of its physical, mental, and social being.
Which pathogen is responsible for causing AIDs?
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus is responsible for causing AIDs.
Why the White Blood Cells or WBCs are important components of our immune system?
White blood cells are also known as Leukocytes which function against pathogens to keep us healthy. Both blood and lymph contain WBCs and they kill harmful pathogens to protect.
What is the function of dendritic cells?
The function of dendritic cells is to take pathogen information to the spleen, lymph nodes, and liver. In addition, memory is also created by these dendritic cells.
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