Verb : Detail analysis of Verb for all Students

The present article is about the detail analysis of important chapter verb. English grammar is a significant subject for school students to enhance their basic knowledge of grammar and become stronger in English language. School students can rely on the present described chapter of verb to clear their basic concepts related of verb. By following the chapter in detail they will be able to enhance their advance knowledge in English language which is also essential for higher studies. So, all students are advised to follow this chapter for getting detail knowledge and description to understand all the rules of verb.

When a word refers something doing or any action then the word is called as verb.

Different kinds of verbs

Verb: helping verb, main verb

Helping verb: modals, primary auxiliary verbs ( be, do, have)

Modals: can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must, need, ought to etc.

Be: am, is, are

Do: do, did, does

Have: have, has

Auxiliary verbs: primary auxiliary verbs are used with main verbs in a sentence to complete an action.

1.) Modal auxiliary verbs: modal auxiliary verbs like can, could, shall, should, may, might, will, would etc. can be used with main verbs as helping verbs only.

Examples:

i) It may rain today.

May- Modal rain- main verb

ii) You should obey your parents.

Should- modal obey- min verb

2) Marginal auxiliary verbs: marginal auxiliary verbs like used to, need, dare can be used as main verb (dare, need) and adjective (used to) in a sentence.

Examples:

i) He needs to work hard.

Need- main verb

ii) You do not need to write him.

Need- main verb

Rules of Auxiliary Verbs:

1.) Modal auxiliary verbs are used as helping verbs only in sentence. These cannot be used as main verbs.

Ex.

i) I can do this job.

Can- AV do- MV

ii)You will get reply soon.

Will- AV get- MV

2.) Modal auxiliary verbs do not have V1,V2,V3, ing, s, es forms. These verbs are used in the same form for all numbers and persons of subjects.

Ex. i) he can speak English fluently.

Can- AV speak- MV

ii)he would play cricket.

Would- AV play- MV

3.) After ought and used auxiliary verbs to+V1 comes to complete a sentence.

Ex.

i) You ought to serve your motherland.

To serve- to+V1

ii) He used to drink milk.

To drink- to+V1

Rules of using Modal Auxiliary Verbs:

1.) Can and could

i) Can is used to express power, capacity and ability.

ii) Can is used to give permission.

Ex. you can go now.

iii) Can is used to express doubt.

Ex. can it be true?

iv) Could is used as past tense in indirect speech.

v) Could is used to express past ability, power and capacity.

Ex. you could pass the board exam.

vi) Could is used to express the sense of polite request or permission in interrogative sentence.

Ex. could you please post this letter?

Could I sit here?

2.) May

i) May is used to express the sense of to make/ to give permission.

ii) May is used to express possibility.

Ex. it may rain today.

iii) If the principal clause in present tense and the subordinate clause starts with ( that, so that, in order that) and the subordinate clause denotes purpose may is used in subordinate clause.

Ex. we eat that/so that/ in order that we may live.

3.) Might

i) Might is used as past form in indirect speech.

ii) Might is used for less possibility and may is used for more possibility.

4.) Will

i) Will is used to express invitation/ request/ order.

Ex. will you come to dinner? (invitation)

Will you help me? (request)

Will you be quite? (order)

5.) Would

i) Would is used s past form of will in indirect speech.

ii) Would is used to express past habits.

Ex. he would play cricket.

iii) Would is used to express future probability.

iv) Would is used in interrogative sentence to express polite request.

Ex. would you please listen to me?

Would you like to have a cup of coffee?

v) Would is used to express wish.

Ex. I wish I would see him again.

vi) Would is used to express preference or choice.

Ex. he would rather die than tell a lie.

vii) Would is used for imaginary condition and unfulfilled condition.

6.) Should

i) Past of shall in indirect speech.

ii) Should is used to express moral obligations/duty.

Ex. you should come to school in time.

You should keep your promise.

iii) Should+have+V3 is used to express past duty.

Ex. you should have left a message.

iv) Should is used to give advice.

Ex. you should consult a doctor at once.

7.) Need and dare

i) Need/ dare is used as main verb in positive or ordinary sentence. As a modal auxiliary in negative and interrogative sentence.

Ex. he needs to work hard. (MV)

Need I write to him? (modal)

8.) Ought to

Ought to is used to express duty/moral obligations.

Ex. you ought to serve your motherland.

ii) Ought to+have+V3 this construction is used in relation to past action of duty that was not fulfilled or an action that was neglected in the past.

Ex. you ought to have taken care of your life.

9.) Must

i) Must is used to express compulsion or strong moral obligation.

Ex. one must keep one’s duty.

ii) To express duty.

Ex. a soldier must fight for his country.

iii) To express the sense of inevitable or unavoidable.

Ex. man must die.

Use of Modals in Voice.

Modals	Active voice	Passive voice
Indefinite	Sub+modal+V1+obj	Obj+modal+be+V3+by+sub
Continuous	Sub+modal+be+V1+ING+OBJ	_
Perfect	Sub+modal+have+V3+obj	Obj+modal+have+been+V3+by+sub
Perfect continuous	Sub+ modal+ have+been+V1+ing+obj+for/since+ time	_

Primary Auxiliary Verbs:

1.) Do

i) The forms of do verb are do, did, does, done.

Ex. I do my work. MV

I did not know him.

Did- HV know- MV

2.) Have

i) In the sense of possession.

Ex. I have a car. MV

ii) As helping verb in perfect and perfect continuous tense.

Ex. I have not gone there.

Have- HV gone- MV

I have been waiting for a long time for him.

Have- HV waiting- MV

iii) Have+ infinitive is used in a forced action.

Ex. I have to finish this chapter.

She had to go there innediately.

3.) Be

i) Forms of be verb are: am, is, are, was, were, been which can be used in both helping verb and main verb.

Ex. I am a pilot. MV

She is reading now. HV

They have been in New York for years. MV

Main Verb

1.) The forms of main verb used in sentences are V1, V2, V3, ing, s/es.

Ex. he does his work.

He did his work.

He has done his work.

Forms of verb:

Present	Past	Past participle	Ing form	s/es form
Be	Was/were	been	Being	Is/was
Awake	Awoke	Awaken	Awaking	Awakes
Become	Became	Become	Becoming	Becomes
Bind	Bound	Bound	Binding	Binds
Bite	Bit	Bitten	Biting	Bites
Blow	Blew	Blown	Blowing	Blows
Come	Came	Come	Coming	Comes
Do	Did	Done	Doing	Does
Drive	Drove	Driven	Driving	Drives
Draw	Drew	Drawn	Drawing	Draws
Fall	Fell	Fallen	Falling	Falls
Fly	Flew	Flown	Flying	Flies
Forget	Forgot	Forgotten	Forgetting	Forgets
Get	Got	Got	Getting	Gets
Give	Gave	Given	Giving	Gives
Grow	Grew	Grown	Growing	Grows
Hide	Hid	Hidden	Hiding	Hides
Know	Knew	Known	Knowing	Knows
Lie	Lay	Lain	Lying	Lies
See	Saw	Seen	Seeing	Sees
Shine	Shone	Shone	Shining	Shines
Shoot	Shot	Shot	Shooting	Shots
Sit	Sat	Sat	Sitting	Sits
Speak	Spoke	Spoken	Speaking	Speaks
Sing	Sang	Sung	Singing	Sings
Shake	Shook	Shaken	Shaking	Shakes
Stand	Stood	Stood	Standing	Stands
Swim	Swam	Swum	Swimming	Swims
Take	Took	Taken	Taking	Takes
Tear	Tore	Torn	Tearing	Tears
Weave	Wove	Woven	Weaving	Weaves
Write	Wrote	Written	Writing	Writes
Wind	Wound	Wound	Winding	Winds

Group-b

Present	Past	Past participle	Ing form	s-es
Add	Added	Added	Adding	Adds
Advise	Advised	Advised	Advising	Advises
Arrive	Arrived	Arrived	Arriving	Arrives
Ask	Asked	Asked	Asking	Asks
Appear	Appeared	Appeared	Appearing	Appears
Attack	Attacked	Attacked	Attacking	Attacks
Believe	believed	Believed	Believing	Believes
Borrow	Borrowed	Borrowed	Borrowing	Borrows
Build	Built	Built	Building	Builds
Burn	Burnt	Burnt	Burning	Burns
Buy	Bought	Bought	Buying	Buys
Carry	Carried	Carried	Carrying	Carries
Catch	Caught	Caught	Catching	Catches
Clean	Cleaned	Cleaned	Cleaning	Cleans
Climb	Climbed	Climbed	Climbing	Climbs
Collected	Collected	Collected	collecting	Collects
Copy	Copied	Copied	Copying	Copies
Fail	Failed	Failed	Failing	Fails
Fight	Fought	Fought	Fighting	Fights
Gather	Gathered	Gathered	Gathering	Gathers
Improve	Improved	Improved	Improving	Improves

Find the errors in the following sentences:

1.) The scissor is a)/ lying on b)/ the table c)/ no error d).

2.) Mr. Kapoor is a)/ superior from me b)/ in the organisational hierarchy c)/ no error d).

3.) Unless you do not a)/ work hard you b)/ will not pass the examinations c)/ no error d).

4.) Twenty miles are a)/ a good distance b)/ to cycle every day c)/ no error d).

5.) I am sure he is a)/ at least three years b)/ senior than you c)/ no error d).

6.) One a)/ should keep b)/ his word c)/ no error d).

7.) She does not listen to me a)/ because she is b)/ senior than me c)/ no error d).

8.) If I was he a)/ I would not accept b)/ this offer c)/ no error d).

9.) Neither the mouse a)/ nor the cat b)/ were caught c)/ no error d).

10.) She along with a)/ her cousins b)/ are coming here c)/ no error d).

11.) Six miles a)/ are not a b)/ long distance c)/ no error d).

12.) The property a)/ was divided b)/ between the four sisters c)/ no error d).

13.) Neither ram nor a)/ Rahim are going b)/ to the party c)/ no error d).

14.) On should be a)/ careful of b)/ their surroundings c)/ no error d).

15.) If I was you a)/ I would terminate b)/ his services then and there c)/ no error d).

16.) Twenty kilometres a)/ are a good distance b)/ away from home c)/ no error d).

17.) Mohan is a)/ richest b)/ than ajay c)/ no error d).

18.) You didn’t go a)/ there on time, b)/ didn’t you? C)/ no error d).

19.) What is the a)/ difference among b)/ a plant and a tree? C)/ no error d).

20.) Mira and Sumit a)/ is going for b)/ a picnic together c)/ no error d).

Solutions:

1.) a)

scissor is not noun but it is verb. The correct noun form is scissors.

Correct is the pair of scissors are….scissors use with plural verb.

2) b)

the words inferior, superior, junior, senior are followed by to in place of than.

3.) a)

unless is a negative word. Negative word and not cannot be used at the same time.

4.) a)

units of time, money and distance are always considered as singular subject for which it takes singular verb.

5.) c)

senior, junior, inferior, superior words are followed by to instead of than.

6.) c)

one is followed by one’s.

7.) c)

senior is followed by to in place of than.

8.) a)

in if clause I is followed by were always.

9.) c)

when two subjects are joined by neither-nor the second verbs are used according to the second subject.

10.) c)

with the phrases like along with, as well as, together with singular verbs are used in sentence.

11.) b) for the distance it takes singular verb.

12.) c) among is used for more than two subjects.

13.) b) neither-nor takes singular verb.

14.) c) one is followed by one’s/ his/ hers.

15.) a) in if clause I always followed by plural form.

16.) b) unit of distance takes singular verb.

17.) b) richest should be replaced with richer for being comparative degree.

18.) c) when statement is negative the question tag has to be positive. So the correct answer is you didn’t complete your homework, did you?

19.) b) between is used to show comparison for two persons or things.

20.) b) when two singular nouns are joined by and it takes plural verbs.