1.) Which of the following are acellular organisms?
a) Virus
b) Viroids
c) Lichens
d) All of the above
2.) Who showed that crystals consist largely proteins?
a)D. M. Boyle
b) W. M. Stanley
c) I. T. Newton
d) T. M. Vinci
3.) An infectious agent is smaller than viruses is called as:
a) Lichens
b) Microbacteria
c) Bacteriophage
d) Viroids
4.) Which of the following diseases are virus caused?
a) Herpes
b) Small pox
c) Mumps
d) All of them
5.) Viroids have ……………………………………………………………………….. as their genetic material
a) DNA
b) RNA
c) DNA or RNA
d) Protein
6.) A small viroid HDV mainly infect:
a) Animals
b) Plants
c)Viruses
d) None of these
7.) Algae and lichens have special type of association and that association is called as:
a) Symbiotic
b) Probiotics
c) Parasitism
d) Commensalism
8.) An infectious agents that are made up of primarily of sialoglycoprotein are:
a) Lichens
b) Virus
c) Viroid
d) Prions
9.) Viruses that infect bacteria are called as:
a) Viroids
b) Parasitic bacteria
c) Bacteriophage
d) Lichens
10.) Spikes are present in the viruses for:
a) For the swimming in host cell
b) For helping host cell against virus
c) For the attachment to the host cell
d) All of them
11.) Lichens are very excellent ………………………………………………………………………………… indicators.
a) Pollution
b) Poison
c) Contamination
d) Photosynthetic
12.) The Latin name ‘Virus’ that is coined by Beijerinck in 1897 means:
a)Sugar
b) Poison
c) Reactor
d) Host
13.) Which of the following is the correct statement regarding viruses?
a) Viruses have only RNA as genetic material
b) Viruses have only DNA as genetic material
c) Viruses have either DNA or RNA as genetic material
d) None of these
14.) Name the person who developed smallpox vaccine in 1796.
a) Wendell Stanley
b) Beijerinck
c) Henry
d) Edward Jenner
15.) Viruses that infect plants have a ………………………………………………………………………………… type of RNA.
a) Circular
b) Thread like
c) Single stranded
d) Double Stranded
16.) Which of the following virus have helical-like shape?
a) Ebola virus
b) Bacteriophage
c) Influenza
d) None of these
17.) What is the name of the protein coat of viruses?
a) Capsid
b)Capsomeres
c) Nucleic acid
d) Plasma membrane
18.) Choose the correct pair from the following.
i) Deadly virus – Virulent
ii) T-4 Bacteriophage – Head with 35 triangular surfaces
iii) Retroviruses enzyme – Reverse transcriptase
iv) Non-infectious proteins- Prions
a) Both ii) and iv) are correct
b) Both i) and ii) are correct
c) Both iii) and iv) are correct
d) Both i) and iii) are correct
19.) Which of the following statement is correct?
a) Virus that infects animals have RNA as genetic material
b) Virus that infects animals have DNA as genetic material
c) Virus that infect animal cell have either dsDNA or ssRNA or dsRNA as genetic material
d) All are correct
20.) Where does herpes virus become latent?
a)Pancreas
b) Nervous system
c) Hair
d) Stomach
21.) What is the monomer of capsid?
a) Capsomeres
b) Capsoblast
c) Capsoclast
d) Amino acid
22.) In the symbiotic association of algae and fungi, the fungi component is known as:
a) Phycobiont
b) Mycobiont
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
23.) Virus that infect tobacco plant is known as:
a) TMV
b) Tobacco mosaic virus
c) Bacteriophage
d) Both (a) & (b)
24.) Which of the following is needed to a virus for replication?
a) Host cell
b) Fluid condition
c) Dead plant
d) Bacteria
25.) Organisms that were not included in the five kingdom classification are:
a) Virus, viroids
b) Virus, lichens
c) Virus, viroids and lichens
d) Algae, Lichens
26.) Individual subunit of capsid is known as:
a) Viromeres
b)Enzomeres
c) Submeres
d) Capsomeres
27.) What is the full form of AIDS?
a) Acquired immuno deficiency syndrome
b) Acquired immune deficiency symptoms
c) Acquired immune deficiencys
d) Adaptive immune deficiency syndrome
28.) Identify the correct statement from the following.
a) A virus is composed of DNA that can invade living cells.
b) A virus is a cellular particle that invade itself in Starvation condition.
c) A virus is composed of DNA that invade itself in starvation condition.
d) A virus is a cellular particle that can invade non-living cells.
29.) The word syndrome in AIDS means?
a) Group of symptoms
b) Symptoms
c) Diseased
d) All of the above
30.) In the humans and mammalian prion diseases, the main protein is referred to as:
a) PtP
b) PsP
c) PnP
d) PrP
Answers:
1.)
Solution: d) All of the above
All of the above because virus, viroids and lichens are all acellular organisms because they are not considered alive.
2.)
Solution:b) W. M. Stanley
The crystals consists largely of proteins and viruses could be crystallised as well as obligate parasites. This is shown by W. M. Stanley.
3.)
Solution: d) Viroids
Viroids are smaller than viruses because they don’t have a protein coat like virus also their RNA is of lower molecular weight.
4.)
Solution: d) All of them
Herpes simplex virus causes Herpes disease, Variola virus causes small pox and Paramyxovirus causes mump disease. Hence, all the diseases are virus caused diseases.
5.)
Solution: c) DNA or RNA.
Viruses could have either DNA or RNA as genetic material like virus that infect plants have RNA whereas virus that infects animal cell could have either of them.
6.)
Solution:a) Animals
HDV is a Hepatitis delta virus that causes hepatitis D in animals and contain circular single stranded RNA. Hence, a smallest viroid HDV infect animals.
7.)
Solution: a) Symbiotic
Symbiotic association is present between algae and lichen in which algae provides the food whereas fungi provides shelter hence both are benefited from each other.
8.)
Solution:d) Prions
An infectious agents that are made up of primarily of sialoglycoprotein are Prions. And they can replicate in the absence of nucleic acid.
9.)
Solution: c) Bacteriophage
c) Bacteriophage are the virus that is capable of infecting a bacteria and it is used to transfer gene of interest to a bacteria in rDNA technology.
10.)
Solution: c) For the attachment to the host cell
Some viruses do have protective envelope and spikes where spike help in the attachment to the host. Attachment with the host cell causes diseases in the host.
11.)
Solution: a) Pollution
Lichens are very good pollution indicators as they do not prefer to grow in polluted areas.
12.)
Solution:b) Poison
While discovering viruses, Beijerinck found that virus caused sickness in the healthy plant. Hence, He named ‘virus’ which means poison.
13.)
Solution: c) Viruses have either DNA or RNA as genetic material
Viruses have either DNA or RNA as genetic material is the correct option as the other two options says that virus have only RNA or only DNA which is incorrect as they could have either of them.
14.)
Solution:d) Edward Jenner
In the year 1796, Edward Jenner used milder cowpox viruses for the development of smallpox vaccine. Hence Edward Jenner was the one who developed smallpox vaccine.
15.)
Solution: c) Single stranded
Single stranded RNA is present in viruses that infects plant cells like tobacco mosaic virus which causes mosaic disease in tobacco plants.
16.)
Solution:a) Ebola virus
Some viruses do have polyhedral shape, some have complex shape and some have helical like shape. Where, Influenza virus have polyhedral like shape, bacteriophage have complex like shape and Ebola have helical shape. Hence, Ebola virus have helical-like shape.
17.)
Solution: a) Capsid
Capsid is the protein coat that present in place of cell wall in viruses. As normal bacterial cells have a cell wall but viruses don’t have they have a protein coat instead.
18.)
Solution:d) Both i) and iii) are correct
The deadly viruses are known as Virulent and Retrovirus injects its RNA and Reverse transcriptase enzyme while infecting a cell. Hence, both the i) and ii) are correct.
19.)
Solution: c) Virus that infect animal cell have either dsDNA or ssRNA or dsRNA as genetic material
Virus that infect animal cell have either dsDNA or ssRNA or dsRNA as genetic material is the correct option the other two options are incorrect.
20.)
Solution:b) Nervous system
This virus is a neurotropic virus and creates life-long latent infection. In the nervous system, herpes virus become latent.
21.)
Solution: a) Capsomere
Capsomere is the monomer of virus which means that when many capsomere combined with each other they form capsid.
22.)
Solution:b) Mycobiont
Both algae and fungi use mutual association where algal component is phycobiont and fungal component is mycobiont.
23.)
Solution: d) Both (a) & (b)
Both (a) & (b) because TMV is the short form of tobacco mosaic virus and this virus causes mosaic disease in tobacco plant and results in lesser yield of tobacco.
24.)
Solution:a) Host cell
The viruses are present in the inactive form. Once they found host cell then they create infection in cell. Then, the virus take over host cell for the replication.
25.)
Solution: c) Virus, viroids and lichens
Virus, viroids and lichens are not included in 5 kingdom classification as they are not considered alive because they don’t have a cell wall and other cell components that normal cells have to consider them to be alive.
26.)
Solution:d) Capsomeres
Capsid is composed of small subunit which protect the nucleic acid is known as Capsomeres.
27.)
Solution: a) Acquired immuno deficiency syndrome
Acquired immuno deficiency syndrome is the full form of AIDS which is caused by HIV virus belonging to the retrovirus family.
28.)
Solution:a) A virus is composed of DNA that can invade living cells.
A non-cellular virus is mainly composed of genetic material or DNA and Protein. Also, it can invade living cells. Hence, the Option a) is the correct one.
29.)
Solution: a) Group of symptoms in AIDS patient means
Group of symptoms in AIDS patient means there body shows more than one symptoms when they are infected with HIV like sore throat, fatigue, fever etc.
30.)
Solution: d) PrP
PrP takes part in the spread of prion diseases and present in all of us. So, in the humans and mammalian prion diseases, the main protein is referred to as PrP.