Telangana SCERT Solution Class VIII (8) Social Studies Chapter -14 (Parliament and Central Government).
1) Why were the first elections difficult to conduct? List out as many reasons as you can.
Answer
The difficulties are
- We had a large population, conducting elections was a large& difficult task.
- It took 4 months to take this election.
- Most of the population was illiterate and lived in rural areas.
- In the first election voting process was very complex and required huge supervision and development for voting.
- In some places woman were not allowed to vote due to purdah system.
2) Why do you think the elections need to be conducted free and fair?
Answer
The elections need to be conducted free and fair because this elected candidates decide which policies are to be implemented .The voters can decide whose policies they would prefer and who according to them can represent their interests best in the Parliament . The future of the voters are in the hand of this elected member so the election shouldn’t be affected by any issue.
3) For which of the following subjects can laws be made by the Members of Parliament, which by the members of state assembly, and which can be made by both : agriculture, railways, village hospitals, police, posts and telegraph, electricity, factories?
Answer
They are as follows:
- Agriculture – Stateassembly
- Railways – Members of Parliament
- Village hospitals – Stateassembly
- Police – Stateassembly
- Posts and telegraph – Members of Parliament
- Electricity – Stateassembly and Members of Parliament
- Factories – State assemblyand Members of Parliament
4) Name the two houses of the Parliament. Draw a table to show the similarities/ differences between them on the following aspects: term, number of members, more or less powerful, election process, voting for the President.
Answer
The two houses of parliament are:
- LokSabha
- RajyaSabha
The table is as follows:
Aspect | LokSabha | RajyaSabha |
Term | Members are elected for a term of5 years. | Members are elected for a term of 6 years. |
Number of members | 545 | 250 |
More or less powerful | More powerful. | Less powerful. |
Election process | Members are Directly elected. | Members areIndirectly elected. |
Voting for the President | The elected members have the right to vote for the President. | The elected members have the right to votefor the President. |
5) In the Parliamentary Elections of 2009, no single party won a majority. How was the government formed? Discuss with the help of your teacher and write a paragraph.
Answer
In order to form Govt. the required number of seats are 272 but in 2009 general elections no parties won, so the biggest party with the highest seats won(Congress) alliance with the other regional parties to form a government.
6) Who are responsible for making the laws that are applicable for the entire country?
Answer
The Parliament is responsible for making the laws that are applicable for the entire country.
7) There are some gaps in the information given in the Table below. Discuss with your teacher to find the missing information and fill in the blanks.
Answer
The table is as follows:
Position | Who elects | Length of term | Eligibility |
MLA | Voters in state | 5 years | Minimum age 25 years(must be a resident of the state) |
MP Lok Sabha | Voters in country | 5 years | Minimum age 25 years(must be a resident of India). |
MP Rajya Sabha | MPs ,MLAs of all states | 6 years | Minimum age 25years(must be a resident of India). |
Chief Minister | Members of each state majority Party | 5 years | Above 25 years(must be a resident of the India. Must be an M.L.A). |
Prime Minister | Majority of the members in the LokSabha | 5 years | Above 25 years(must be a resident of the nation. Must be an M.P). |
President | MLAs, MPs of both the houses (RajyaSabha, LokSabha) | 5 years | Minimum age: 35 years(Must be a resident of the nation). |
8) Do you think the parties should be made to include more women candidates for elections? Why?
Answer
Yes the parties should be made to include more women candidates for elections because in this modern era we can see woman are equal to men infact woman more talented and better than men in this generation but in some backward state the old belief is still practised . In order to create a equal environment in the society there should be more women candidates for elections in order to promote women’s participation in the electoral process so that the woman can express their problems and get them discussed. So that all the Indians can get equal rights for education, opportunity,&etc without no discrimination.
9) Following is a study of women’s representation in Parliament houses including that of India and other nations:
Based on the above information, write an essay analysing the following aspects:
Is there an adequate representation of women in our legislative houses?
Answer:
No there an adequate representation of women in our legislative houses.
How is the idea of representation important to the idea of democracy?
Answer
Democracy means people form the government of their choice who represent their demands and the policy suitable for their growth so the idea of representation is important to the idea of democracy
What solution can be achieved for the above? How will you address this issue if you are a member of the Parliament? How have certain countries achieved better representation of women in Parliament
Answer
Encouraging women in politics is the solution.
I will address this issue by supporting reservations for women in the houses of law and solve the problem.
Certain countries have achieved better representation of women in Parliament by supporting reservations for women in the houses of law.