Telangana SCERT Solution Class VIII (8) Social Studies Chapter 11 B National Movement – The Last phase 1919-1947
1) The national movement fought against all attempts of the british government to deny democratic freedom and rights of the people. Give examples of the rights which the government tried to curtail and the movement launched against it.
Answer
- The british introduced and passed the rowlatt act which curbed the fundamental rights of citizens and strengthened police powers. Satyagraha was the movement launched against it.
- The british imposed a harsh treaty on the turkish sultan or khalifa. The movement launched against it was non-cooperation.
- The british government decided to convert chirala-perala into a municipality and forced them to pay high taxes.
- Duggirala Gopala Krishnayya refused to pay the taxes. The movement was they migrated to a new settlement called ramnagar and remained there for eleven months.
- The Britishers imposed tax on ‘common salt’. The movement started was salt satyagraha.
2) To what extent was the salt satyagraha successful in its objectives? Give your assessment.
Answer
The movement rose a wave of enthusiasm which swept the country. The british laws were broken at many places by Indian people even women took part in the civil disobedience movement this movement was not confined to the salt satyagraha alone. Foreign-cloth shops and liquor shops were picketed and were burned and hand spinning was taken up as a movement. British schools, colleges, and services were boycotted.
This movement showed its success when the government of India act of 1935 prescribed provincial autonomy and the government announced elections to the provincial legislatures in 1937. So the movement was successful in its objectives.
4.) What were the different events that led to the partition?
Answer
The difference events are:
- The Indian Muslims league started to feel that the Indian national congress did not represent the interests of the Muslims. They feared that Muslims would not be considered equal citizens in independent India, as they were a religious minority.
- Therefore, they raised the demand for a separate nation in the 1930s and the provincial elections of 1937 seemed to have convinced the league that Muslims were a minority and they would always have to play second fiddle in any democratic structure.
- Muslim league sought to enlarge its support in the early 1940s when most congress leaders were in jail.
- At the end of the war in 1945, the british opened negotiations between the congress the league but failed.
- In 1946 elections the Muslim league won due the seats reserved for Muslims was spectacular and hence persisted with its demand for ‘Pakistan’.
- There were different mission and viceroy who tried to get the congress and the Muslim league to agree to specific details of the proposal to unite both the league but failed.
- Partition was agreed 1947.
5.) Read the first paragraph under the heading ‘the happenings of 1922-1929’ and answer this, ‘gandhiji called off the movement after the violence’. How do you support it?’
Answer:-
Gandhiji called off the movement after the violence because he believed in non-violence and Satyagraha. The movement of 1922 turned violent the crowd set fire to police station and policemen were killed. Realizing that the situation was going bad to worse, Gandhiji called off the movement.
6.) Why did quit India movement become popular?
Answer
The movement become popular because are:
- In this movement all the leaders of India united for a common mission which created unity among the people.
- The movement was aimed to drive the british out of india.
- Young activists organized strikes and acts of sabotage all over the country to make the british understand.
- In several districts of India independent” governments were proclaimed.
- Indian refused to follow the british policy and there education and went to jail.
- It was the do or die movement lead by our great leader who were followed by every single Indian.
8.) Prepare a timeline chart of the freedom struggle from 1885 to 1947.
Answer:-
Year | Event |
1885 | Indian national congress was established. |
1903 | Swadeshi movement was started. |
1905 | Partition of bengal |
1915 | Gandhiji arrived – joined in indian freedom movement |
1919 | Satyagraha movement was started. |
1920 | Khilafat movement |
1921 | Non-cooperation movement was started. |
1930 | Dandisatyagraha movement |
1937 | Elections to the provincial legislatures |
1942 | Quit India movement |
1946 | Elections, Muslim league persisted for separate Pakistan |
1947 | 14thaug independence to Pakistan and 15thaug for India. |
7
Very good solution keep it up
Define secular