Telanagana SCERT Solution Class VII (7) Social Studies Chapter 8 Industrial Revolution .
(1) Under the putting out system:
(a) Britain purchased cotton from supplier and arrived it to the spinners. Then the yarn was taken by the trader to the next stage of production the weavers.
(b) Unlike in guild system workers worked for wages and did not own the things they produced.
(c) All the work was done by the same machine like spinning, weaving making iron tools driving vehicles ships etc.
Under the guild system: –
(a) European traders gave advance to small farmers and artisons to produce textile goods as income from farming was low.
(b) Traders determined the prices and quality of the products
(2) Putting out system is better than factory based production of textiles. Do you agree? Give reasons of your answers.
Ans: – In my opinion putting out system is better than factory production of textiles.
There are many reasons like.
(i) This system will employ a lot of ordinary poor people.
(ii) The quality of the product will be improved.
(iii) The producer will get the right price for the product.
(iv) Manufacturers will be able to sell the product directly in the market.
(v) Environmental pollution will be reduced.
(vi) Producer will be able to decide the price of the product.
(vii) Producers will get the fair remuneration for their labour.
(3) The British introduced the railway system in this country to satisfy their interest. There is no better way to move multiple products and workers at once.
(4) When wages increase, workers are severely affected. Because they will be able to manage their life in a very good way. Their healthy life will affect their working life. The level up production of company goods will increase.
(5) The factory owners did a lot of work with the workers. The amount of money due was much more than the amount of hard work. The factory owners thought only of their own interests. They used workers to satisfy their own interests. They had no problem with the advantages and disadvantages of workers. They had to work long hours instead of very low wages.
(6) Workers will benefit if the factory improves. The place of work is the second home to them so they have to given enough benefits. They need to pay attention to the health and make arrangements for healthy food, drinking water. The company will improve only if the living standards of the workers improve.
(7) It is necessary to enact laws to improve the working conditions because… workers have the freedom to work as they wish. Their rights should not be curtailed. So, that the workers get the right value for their labour. All over they can be upheld their rights to the owner.
(8) Child labour is a crime to Indian law. Children are not old enough to work. They are forced to work in the victim of the situation. Moreover, heavy and big machine, factory chemical odors are harmful to their body. This is the age of making form of mental balance. So the children are not allowed to work in factories.
(9) The transportation system is a major foundation of any industry. If there is no proper transportation system, the products will not get market. Transferring accessories, Transfer of heavy machinery goods, commercialisation with other countries is required for this.
(11) There is a huge change in the industry. People from villages in search work began to gather in urban areas. The rich started to live in a clean and tidy environment. The poor live in this filthy densely populated area.
Extra Questions and Answers:
Q.1. Fill in the blanks.
1.) Child labour was banned in Europe and U.S. after 1936.
2.) Energy is needed to run machines in factory.
3.) Industries depend upon the energy from coal and stream.
4.) Steam engine invention boosted shipping industry.
5.) Air transport is fastest means of transport.
Q.2. Answer the following questions.
1.) Define putting out system.
Answer:- The putting out system is they gave advance to small farmers and artisans to produce textile goods.
2.) Write a note on James Watts invention.
Answer:-
a) James Watt was an English craftsman who invented machines. He noticed that steam had so much strength that it could move enormous weight.
b) To tap this energy, he made a machine which would run with the help of steam and would not need men or animals to drive it.
3.) Write about factory system.
Answer:-
a.) A new system called the ‘factory system emerged in between 1750-1850 .
b.) In place of simple tools and manual power, new machines and steam power came to be used increasingly. Production was now carried out in a place called ‘factory’.
4.) The demand of goods were increased all over the world. Explain.
Answer:-
a.) Industrial production increased so much that it was not possible to sell all the products in their own countries.
b.) The factory owners began to sell them in other countries too. Machine made goods were cheap and durable.
c.) Hence, the demand for them increased all over the world.
5.) Women and children were employed and made work for meagre wages . Give reason.
Answer:-
a.) Major changes swept the industries with the coming of machines. Machines could be worked on by even unskilled persons.
b) Thus, skilled artisans were no longer required. In their place, a large number of women and children were employed and made to work for meagre wages.
6.) Who invented machines?
Answer:- James Watt invented machines.
7.) For what all process does machines were used?
Answer:- Machines were made for all kinds of work such as spinning, weaving, making iron tools, driving vehicles and ships etc.
8.) Define capitalists.
Answer:- All the facilities needed for production were owned and managed by individuals called capitalists.
9.) What is the source for energy availability
Answer:- Energy is available from coal, electricity, petroleum.
10.) What other sources of energy were used in industries?
Answer:- Other sources of energy like thermal and hydroelectricity, petroleum, natural gas, nuclear energy and solar energy were used in industries.
11.) Who developed an Aircraft?
Answer:- Wright Brothers developed an Aircraft.
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Yes you’re right it is very easy ans