Telangana SCERT Solution Class VI (6) Social Studies Chapter 3 Penamakuru – A Village in the Krishna Delta
Telangana SCERT Class 6 Social Studies Solution Chapter 3 Penamakuru – A Village in the Krishna Delta
( 1 ) What kind of changes are taking place in Penamakuru village ?
A shift has occurred in the process of growing food grains. As for instance, in earlier times people use to grow food grains like millets, paddy and pulses but in the course of time they started growing cash crops like sugarcane, vegetables, fruits and turmeric. This transformation have been made possible only due to the expanding growth of irrigation because an ample quantity of water is required by these crops. Due to the attainability of loans, people could also purchase various inputs such as seeds and fertilizers . Thus, this also acted as another influential factor that contributed in bringing about such changes in Penamakuru village.
( 2 ) How do the poor and the landless earn their livelihood in the plains ?
In Penamakuru , there are nearly about 750 families. Only a few of them possessed 10 or more than 10 acres of land . Furthermore, less than 5 acres of land were possessed by 150 families and the remaining of them did not possessed any land ,which means they were landless.In order to manage their livelihood, they either had to pay rent to the landlords for using their land or they were workers on their farms . There were also some people who had to continue their occupation in mills and poultry for the purpose of managing their subsistence. Nearly , 15-20 basket weaving families resided on the banks of Bandar canal. In search of work , they had to migrate to this village. Basket making, catching rats and rearing pigs were the sole source of occupation, with the help of which they tried to manage their livelihood. So, these are the following ways in which the poor and landless people tried to maintain their sustenance in the plains.
( 3) What are the difficulties of farming in plain villages like Penamakuru ?
The quantity of moisture content in the soil my reduce the productive yield of the crop.The farmers had to face several difficulties in times of selecting the seeds. The insufficient availability of fertilizers may bring about a negative impact on the crop. It is difficult to irrigate the upland with the help of canal water. For this reason, bore pumps becomes the ultimate source of reliability. Therefore, these are the several points which clearly portrays the difficulties of farming in plain villages like Penamakuru.
( 4 ) What will happen if all farmers of the village grow only sugarcane or turmeric?
Cash crops are mainly grown with an aim of selling them in the market , so that a substantial amount of profit can be drawn from it but these crops are not used for the purpose of consumption in the village. So , if all the farmers will grow only cash crops like turmeric or sugarcane then there will be an insufficiency in the production of food grains . Therefore, it is necessary that the farmers should grow both food grains and crash crops in a proper balance because both serve as an essential requirement to the people. Furthermore, these cash crops requires an ample quantity of water , so if all the farmers will grow sugarcane or turmeric then there will be an increased requirement for proper irrigational facility.
( 5 ) Why do plains like the Krishna delta have a very dense settlement ?
There are several reasons which permits people to settle in the delta area. The alluvial soil and black clay soil are found in the delta area . These soils are considered to be extremely fertile and contains maximum nutrients, which ultimately boosts the productivity of the food crops. People does not face much difficulty in growing crops in this area. This area facilitates the growth of almost every types of crops like vegetables and paddy etc. This area receives sufficient quantity of rain water and is well equipped with proper irrigational facilities. Due to its even nature, road connectivity is also provided in this region. As high quality of sources are available in this region, for this reason there can also be an establishment of agricultural industry.
( 7 ) How are the people of handicrafts helped by the government?
Handicrafts refers to those decorative products that are usually made by hand for the purpose of domestic uses. Baskets and mats depicts some of the most relevant examples. India is considered as one of the most remarkable center of numerous conventional handicrafts. Subsidy and loans are some of the essential facilities that are provided by the government with an aim of preserving the proficiency and talent of the artisans. Several crafts workshop are also organized for the better enhancement of their knowledge and skills. Furthermore, crafts bazar are also organized annually for the purpose of commercializing their products. The benefits of scholarship is also provided to their children. So, these are the several aids that are rendered by the government to the people of handicrafts .
( 8 ) Describe the relief features of Telangana.
In the Telangana state, there are diverse relief features. It is mainly on the Deccan plateau, where Telangana is located. There is an upper Telangana plateau towards the direction of west. With the help of this plateau, both Godavari and Krishna river flows in the direction of east. Hyderabad and Secunderabad are considered as the twin cities of Telangana and these twin cities are situated in the upper Telangana plateau. The rest of the area is known by the term of lower Telangana plateau . It slopes in the direction of eastern side. Karimnagar and Warangal are regarded as some of the most eminent towns of the plateau and these are situated on the lower Telangana plateau.