Telangana SCERT Class 10 Physical Science Chapter 3 Acids, Bases and Salts Solution

Telangana SCERT Class 10 Physical Science Chapter 3 Solution – Acids, Bases and Salts. Here in this post we provides Class 10 Physical Science Acids, Bases and Salts Telangana State Board Solution.  Telangana State Board English Class X Medium Students can download this Solution to Solve out Improve Your Learning Questions and Answers.

Telangana State Board Class 10 Physical Science Chapter 3 Acids, Bases and Salts Solution:

 

CHAPTER: – 3

Acids, Bases and Salts

 

Exercise: –

Reflections on concepts

1) An acid or a base is mixed with water. Is this process exothermic or endothermic one?

Ans: – The reaction of water with the acid or base is known as exothermic reaction. As in this reaction the reactants are breaks into and from the salt energy is produce.

2) Distilled water does not conduct electricity. Why?

Ans: – For the conduct of electricity there is needed a positive and negative charged particles but in a distilled water the solution is neutral in nature so there are no such particles for transferring electricity so electricity doesn’t conduct.

3) Draw a neat diagram for showing acid solution in water conducting electricity.

Ans: –

4) Why the flow of acid rain into a river makes the survival of aquatic life in a river difficult?

Ans: – The acid rain is harmful for any aquat6 life. In an acid rain their present various types of dangerous acid such as sulphuric acid, nitric acid which after mixing in water makes the water toxic in nature. So, for these types of environments any aquatic substance doesn’t survive.

5) How does baking powder make the cake soft and spongy?

Ans: – The baking soda is nothing but the sodium bicarbonate. While mixing this baking soda this after the reaction with the water it produces the carbon dioxide which try to liberated from the mixture and make the bread spongy in nature.

 

Application of concepts

1)  Five solutions A, B, C, D and E when tested with universal indicator showed pH as 4, 1, 11,7 and 9, respectively, classify the solutions as given below.

(a) neutral (b) strongly alkaline (c) strongly acidic (d) weakly acidic (e) weakly alkaline.

Ans: – We know that solution which have PH value more than 7 are basic in nature and which have value less than 7 are known as the acidic solution.

So, (a) neutral is D; (b) strongly alkaline is E; (c) strongly acidic is A; (d) weekly acidic is B (e) weekly alkaline is C.

2) Why does tooth decay start when the pH of mouth is lower than 5.5?

Ans: – The remaining of the food stayed in the mouth after eating which after reaction become acidic in nature. So, by this the PH values decrease and we need the toothpaste as it basic in nature.

3) A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk. Write reasons for the following.

a) Why does he shift the pH of the fresh milk from acidic nature to slightly alkaline?

b) Why does this milk take a long time to set as curd?

Ans: – The After some time the milk become acidic by this there is a chance for the spoiling of milk. So, the milk man adds some basic substance like sodium bicarbonate or baking soda for increasing the basicity of the milk.

As the PH value of milk is slightly basic in nature. So, for the formation of the curd there is needed some times for the increasing the PH value of the milk. As at this time the Lactobacillus working on for the producing of the curd.

 

4) Plaster of Paris should be stored in moisture – proof container. Explain why?

Ans: – The plaster of Paris after reaction with the moisture present in air converted into a gypsum which is hard substance. So, the main purpose of the uses of the plaster of Paris is affected as the conversion of it from gypsum is difficult so we need to store it in a place where there is no such moisture.

5) Magnesium ribbons of same size are taken in test tubes A and B. Hydrochloric acid is added to test tube A, while acetic acid is added to test tube B. The concentrations of both the acids are the same. In which test tube will the fizzing occur more vigorously? why?

Ans: – The fizzing from the magnesium ribbon is nothing but the releasing of the hydrogen gas. The acid which is strong will produce more quickly the hydrogen gas as compared to the weak acid. In this as HCl is strong acid the test tube A will fizzing more vigorously that test tube B.

 

Higher Order Thinking Questions

1) Fresh milk has a pH of 6.6. Explain why the pH changes as it turns into curd?

Ans: – The fresh milk has PH value is 6.6 which changes when it forms to curd. As in while it kept for forming the curd it becomesstronger as compared to fresh milk. The lactobacillus bacteria which take time for the conversion of milk to curd and by this PH value also changes.

2) How do you prepare an indicator using beetroot? Explain.

Ans: – There are present various way of producing of an indicator. One of the ways is that producing the indicator using beetroot and for this we need pot in which we kept some juice of beetroot and added some acidic or basic solution in that after that we cane use this solution as an indicator.

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1) The colour of methyl orange indicator in acidic medium is

A) Yellow B) green C) orange D) red.

Ans: – option (D) red.

 

2) The colour of phenolphthalein indicator in basic solution is

A) yellow B) green C) pink D) orange.

Ans: – option c) pink.

 

3) Colour of methyl orange in alkali conditions?

A) orange B) yellow C) red D) blue.

Ans: – option (B) yellow.

 

4) A solution turns red litmus blue; its pH is likely to be

A) 1 B) 4 C) 5 D) 10.

Ans: – option (D) 10.

 

5) A solution reacts with crushed egg-shells to give a gas that turns lime-water milky. The solution is of

NaCl B) HCl C) LiCl D) KCl.

Ans: – option (b) HCl.

 

6) If a base dissolves in water by what name is it better known?

A) neutral B) base C) acid D) alkali.

Ans: – option (d) alkali.

 

7) Which of the following substances when mixed together will produce table salt?

Sodium thiosulphate and sulphur dioxide Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide Chlorine and oxygen

Nitric acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate.

Ans: – option (B).

 

8) What colour would hydrochloric acid (pH=1) turn universal indicator?

A) orange B) purple C) yellow D) red.

Ans: – option (D) red.

 

9) Which one of the following types of medicines is used for treating indigestion?

A) antibiotic B) analgesic C) antacid D) antiseptic.

Ans: – option © antacids.

 

10) What gas is produced when magnesium is made to react with hydrochloric acid?

A) hydrogen B) oxygen C) carbon dioxide D) chlorine.

Ans: – option (a) hydrogen.

More Important Questions

Q.1) MCQ.

1) Lichen is a plant belonging to which of the following division?

a) Bryophyta

b) Thallophyta

c) Pteridophyta

d) None of the above

2) Which of the following is not used as an indicator?

a) Petunia

b) Phenolphthalein

c) Acetic acid

d) Geranium

3) Which of the following is chemical formula of sodium Zincate?

a) Na2 Zn

b) Na Zn

C) Na2 ZnO2

d) None of the above

4) What the “p” in pH Stands for?

a) Power

b) Potenz

C) Parameter

d) None of the above

5) pH of neutral solution is?

a) 6 c) 8

b) 7 d) 9

6) pH of acid rain is…….?

a) Less than 5.6

b) Greater than 6

c) Less than 1

d) None of the above

7) When tooth decay starts?

a) pH of mouth lower than 5

b) pH of mouth greater than 5

c) pH of mouth lower than 5.5

d) None of the above

8) To get rid of indigestion, people take……….?

a) Acid

b) Antacids

c) Alkali

d) None of the above

9) Which of the following is bleaching powder?

a) Ca (OH)2

b) Cao

c) CaOCl2

d) CaCl2

10) Which of the following is plaster of paris?

a) CaCl2

b) CaSO4 2 H2O

c) CaSO4 ½ H2O

d) Cao

11) The colour of methyl orange indicator in acidic medium is………?

a) Yellow

b) Green

c) Orang

d) Red

Q.2) VERY SHORT ANSWERS

1) Which gas produce when magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid?

Hydrogen gas produced.

2) When tooth decay happened?

Tooth decay happened when pH of mouth is lower than 5.5.

3) Define Acid – Base indicator?

Acid – Base indicators are dyes or mixtures of dyes which are used to

Detect the presence of acids and bases.

4) Define water of crystallization?

It is the fixed number of water molecules chemically attached to each

Formula unit of a salt in its crystalline form.

5) Write uses of POP?

POP is used for making toys, materials for decorations and for making Surface smooth.

6) Give the reaction of washing soda and Water?

Na2CO3 + 10 H2O → Na2CO3 10 H2O.

Q.3) SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS.

1) Write uses of Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate?

1) It is used as soda-acid in fire extinguisher.

2) It acts as mild antiseptic.

3) It is also used as a ingredient in antacid.

2) Explain pH scale.

A scale for measuring hydrogen ion concentration in a solution is Called pH scale. pH value of solution is simply a number.

Which indicates the acidic or basic nature of a solution.

The pH of neutral solution is 7, value less than 7 on pH scale represent basic solution.

3) Complete the table.

Sr.

No.

Solution Colour pH

paper

Approximate

pH value

Nature of

substance

1 HCl Red 5 Colour less
2 CH3COOH Red 4.75 Colour less
3 Distilled water No Colour 7 Colour less

Q.4) LONG ANSWER QUESTION.

1) Explain plants and animals are pH sensitive or not?

  Living organisms can survive only in a narrow range of pH change When pH of rain water less than 5.6, its called acid rain. When acid Rain flows into rivers, it lowers pH of river water, the survival of Aquatic life in such rivers becomes difficult.

2) Give uses of washing soda?

1) Sodium carbonate is used in glass, soap & paper industries.

2) It is used in manufacture of sodium compounds such as borax.

3) It is used for removing permanent hardness of water.

4) It is used as a cleaning agent.

3) Plaster of Paris should be stored in moisture explain why?

The POP is calcium sulphate, and when the water of crystallization is added to it gypsum is formed, which is very hard material moisture can affect the plaster of Paris by slowing the setting of the plaster due to hydration. It should be stored in moisture proof container.

4) What happened with pH of milk when it changes into curd?

Fresh milk has an acidic character due to its pH is 6. By action of Bacteria, milk changes to curd, which increases the acidity and lower The pH from 6 to less than 6 up to 3-5. The lactose in milk is converted to lactic acid i.e., curd is formed.

Extra Questions & Answers from this Chapter:

Question 1 : What is the litmus solution and what is the colour of the natural litmus solution.

Answer 1: Litmus solution is a dye extracted from lichen, a plant belonging to the division of Thallophyta and is used as an indicator. In neutral solution litmus colour is purple.

Question 2 : Which types of flowers can be used as solution indicators?

Answer 2:  Coloured petals of some flowers such as Hydrangea, Petunia and Geranium can be used as indicators.

Question 3: In general all non-metal oxides are in nature ?

  1. Basic
  2. Acid
  3. Natural
  4. Both A and B

Answer 3:

  1. In general all nonmetal oxides are acidic in nature.

Calcium hydroxide, which is a base, reacts with carbon dioxide to produce salt and water. This reaction is similar to the reaction between a base and an acid. Thus we can conclude that carbon dioxide which is a non metal oxide is acidic in nature.

Question 4: You are provided with three test tubes containing distilled water, an acid and a base solution respectively. If you are given only blue litmus paper, how do you identify the contents of each test tube ?

Answer 4:

Let three tubes are  A,B,C. First we put some drop of liquid A on red litmus paper.  If  color is not changing then we can say A can be distilled water or an acid.

Now we put some drop from B into litmus paper is coller is changing (to blue)then we can say it is the base solution.

Now we put the 3rd solution into paper in color changed litmus paper(blue) and if color again changes to red then C is acid and A is distilled water and if color is not changing then C is distilled water and A is Acid.

So in this way we can find A,B,C nature.

Question 5: A compound of Calcium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce effervescence. The gas evolved extinguishes a burning candle; it turns lime water milky. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction if one of the compounds formed is calcium chloride

Answer 5: As gas prudence effervescent carbon dioxide gas, it will  happen when Calcium Carbonate and hydrochloric acid both react.

Carbon dioxide gas also acts as an extinguisher to a burning candle.

So metal compound is Ca  and gas is

Ca(s) + 2HCl(aq)    Ca(s) + (g) + (l)

Question 6 : which element is common in all acids ?

  1. Carbon
  2. Oxyzen
  3. Sulfur
  4. Hydrogen

Answer 6:

  1. Hydrogen

Example : HCl , HN ,

Question 7: What are the properties of basic solutions ?

Answer 7:

  • Base solutions release a hydroxide ion (OH–) into water. In which solution the more ions released are stronger in the base.
  • Bases can react with acids. When an acid and a base react, they form water and a substance salt.
  • Base converts red litmus into

Question 8:  What are the properties of Acidic solutions ?

Answer 8:

  • Acid react with metal and form
  • Acid react with carbonate and form
  • Acids have a sour taste.
  • Acid converts blue litmus into  red litmus

Question 9: When water is mixed with acid or base, what will happen ?

Answer 9:  When water is mixed with acid and base they form hydronium ion  (H_3 O^+) and hydroxide ions (OH^-) respectively.

HCl + H_2 O  → H_3 O^+ + Cl^-

And

NaOH + H_2 O → Na^- + 2 OH^-

Question 10: how can we find the strength of an acid or base solution ?

Answer 10:

More ion of H_3 O^+ in an acidic solution means high strength acidic solution and less ion of H_3 O^+ mean low strength acidic solution.

And similarly

More ion of OH^- in base solution means high strength base solution .

And less no. of OH^- means less strength base solution .

Question 11:  What is the pH scale ?

Answer 11:  A scale for measuring hydrogen ion concentration in a solution is called pH scale. . (The ‘p’ in pH stands for ‘Potenz’. In German Language ‘Potenz’ is power).

pH value of a solution is simply a number which indicates the acidic or basic nature of a solution

Question 12: What is concentrations of H^+ ion in 0 pH and 14 pH ?

Answer 12: concentrations of H^+ ion in 0 pH is 1M

And concentrations H^+ ion in 14 pH is 10^(-14) M

Question 13: What will happen if the pH value in our body increases?

Answer 13:  When pH value in our body increases the breathing may get slow in order to increase the  levels and reduce the alkalinity. However, low breathing rate could also lead to low oxygen levels which could be detrimental. Thus, respiration provides an important control to regulate the pH levels.

Question 14: Why do living organisms have a narrow pH range?

Answer 14:  living organisms have a narrow pH range because the change in pH leads to irregular biological processes like indigestion, stomach pain, etc. Hence living organisms have a narrow pH range.

Question 15: Is pH change cause of tooth decay?  How can we prevent tooth decay?

Answer 15: Tooth decay starts when the pH of the mouth is lower than 5.5. Tooth enamel, made of calcium phosphate is the hardest substance in the body. It does not dissolve in water, but is corroded when the pH in the mouth is below 5.5. Bacteria present in the mouth produce acids by degradation of sugar and food particles remaining in the mouth.

The best way to prevent this is to clean the mouth after eating food. Using tooth pastes, which are generally basic neutralize the excess acid and prevent tooth decay

Question 16: Write the formulae of the following salts.

  1. Sodium chloride.
  2. Aluminum chloride.
  3. Copper sulfate.

Answer 16:

1.) NaCl

2.) AlCl_3

3.) CuSO_4

Question 17:   What is the pH of NaCl ?

  1. 0
  2. 5
  3. 7
  4. 14

Answer 17:  C.  pH of salt (NaCl) is -7

If Salts of a strong acid and a strong base are neutral and the pH value is 7. The salts of a strong acid and weak base are acidic and the pH value is less than 7. The salts of a strong base and weak acid are basic in nature and the pH value is more than 7

Question 18:  From the given below which salt is also known as table salt or common salt?

  1. NaCl
  2. Cacl_2
  3. CuSO_4
  4. AlCl_3

Answer 18: A.  NaCl , is also known as table salt or common salt or  kitchen salt.

Question 19: What is the  use of sodium chloride ?

Answer 19:

  1. Sodium chloride is used to enhance the taste of food.
  2. Sodium chloride is also used as an electrolyte replenisher to help prevent heat cramps caused by too much sweating.

Question 20: What is  rock salt, explain it ?

Answer 20: Sea water contains many salts dissolved in it. Sodium chloride is the predominant component and it is separated from these salts. Deposits of solid salt are also found in several parts of the world. These deposits of large crystals are often brown due to impurities , this is called rock salt.

Beds of rock salt were formed when seas of bygone ages dried up. Rock salt is mined like coal.

Question 21:  What are the uses of  Bleaching Powder ?

Answer 21:

  1. It is used for bleaching cotton and linen in the textile industry, for bleaching wood pulp in the paper industry and for bleaching washed clothes in laundry.
  2. Used as an oxidizing agent in many chemical industries.
  3. Used for disinfecting drinking water to make it free of germs.
  4. Used as a reagent in the preparation of chloroform

Question 22:  What is the chemical compound name of  Baking soda ? and what is the use of it ?

Answer 22:

The chemical name of the Baking soda compound is sodium hydrogen carbonate (

Baking soda is a mild non-corrosive base. Baking soda is used for faster cooking.

Question 23: What are the uses of sodium hydrogen carbonate ?

Answer 23:

  1. Baking powder mainly contains and its other components are Ca( and starch.  produces C which rises through bubbling dough into cake or bread. That’s why cake and bread are smooth and spongy.
  2. Sodium hydrogen carbonate is also an ingredient in antacids. Being alkaline, it neutralizes excess acid in the stomach and provides relief.
  3. It is also used as soda-acid in fire extinguishers
  4. It acts as mild antiseptic.

Question 24: What is the chemical name of Washing soda?

Answer 24:  Chemical name of Washing soda is sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3. 10H2O ).

Washing soda is a whitish, odorless powder.

Question 25 : What are the uses of  Washing soda ?

Answer 25:

  1. Sodium carbonate (washing soda) is used in glass, soap and paper industries.
  2. It is used in the manufacture of sodium compounds such as borax.
  3. Sodium carbonate can be used as a cleaning agent for domestic purposes.
Updated: February 14, 2024 — 3:39 am

1 Comment

Add a Comment
  1. Good evening sir
    If possible 9th class Eng medium material sir

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *