Telangana SCERT Class 10 Biology Chapter 5 Solution – Coordination. Here in this post we provides Class 10 Biology Coordination Telangana State Board Solution. Telangana State Board English Class X Medium Students can download this Solution to Solve out Improve Your Learning Questions and Answers.
Telangana State Board Class 10 Biology Chapter 5 Coordination Solution:
2) Do you think body’s teamwork maintains functioning of our body? Justify your answers with an example.
Ans – Body of human being has several organs and it perform their various function in day to day activity. These organs cannot work independent. It’s work or functioning depend on other organs of body to perform various functions, it needs to maintain proper coordination in between the organs. Coordination is the process through which two or more organs help in the functioning of each other. The organ interact and perform functioning in complimentary manner. The neural system is responsible for maintaining this complimentary functions and coordination of various body organ.
The example of this coordination is the neural system and endocrine system jointly coordinate and integrate functions of different body part of the body to maintain normal Physiology. The all body part are connected to each other by the organised network of nerve fibre provided by neural system, this network helps in coordination.
3) Give an example of coordination in your body where both hormonal and nervous controls function together.
Ans-
Functioning of adrenal gland is the best example of coordination in your body where both hormonal and nervous controls functions together. Adrenal gland present on top of kidney in paired structure. The adrenal gland secrets adreline and noradrenalin . The adreline is secreted at the time of emergency by adrenal glands. Hence Adrenal gland is known as emergency gland. The secreted adreline has great effect on cardiac activity. The sympathetic nerves and adrenal gland has complementary function, the sympathetic nerve stimulate adrenal medulla result in large quantities of adrenaline and non adrenaline to be release into the blood circulation. Both the hormones and sympathetic nerve system has action on same organ and its create a same effect on the same organ like Raise in blood pressure, accelerate heart beat etc.
4) Consider that you are passing by a garbage disposal area and you immediately cover your nose . Arrange the event below in a logical order by marking them from 1 to 5 to trace the event that happens in the nervous system from detection of foul smell to covering your notes.
1) At the end of the axon, electrical impulses releases chemicals.
2) Stimulus received by the dendrites of neuron sets of chemical reaction that create an electrical impulse
3) Electrical impulse transmitted through cell body and axon
4) The Chemicals cross the synapse and reach the next neuron. Similarly the electrical impulses crosses several neurons.
5) Finally, the impulses is delivered from neuron to the gland that helps in recognition of foul smell and muscle cells that helps in covering the nose.
Ans- 2) Stimulus received by the dendrites of neuron sets of chemical reaction that create an electrical impulse 3) Electrical impulse transmitted through cell body and axon
. 1) At the end of the axon, electrical impulses releases chemicals. 4)The Chemicals cross the synapse and reach the next neuron. Similarly the electrical impulses crosses several neurons.5)Finally, the impulses is delivered from neuron to the gland that helps in recognition of foul smell and muscle cells that helps in covering the nose.
5) What is a synapse? how is it useful in transfer of information?
Ans – Synapse is the functional region of contact between different neuron’s . At this region the information from one neurone cell is transmitted to another neuron cell . The synapse is the small gaps between two different neurons. It has protoplasmic connection between these two neuron, The information is passed through synapse from one neuron cell to the other neuron cell. The information transmitted in the form of chemical or electrical signal or both of the signal. It is useful to transfer information from one neuron to another neuron.
6) Distinguish between
- A) Stimulus and response
- B) Afferent and efferent nerve
- C) Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
- D) Receptor and effector
Ans _
- A) Stimulus
- It is the action that causes reaction
- It is incoming nervous for action
- Plant received light as a stimulus is the example of stimulus
Response
- It is the reaction after stimulation
- It is outgoing nervous as a response to the action.
- The plant bent told light is the example of a response.
- B) Afferent nerves
- It carries the impulses from receptor to central nervous system
- The afferent nervous are the sensory in nature
- It detect stimulus
Efferent nerves
- Where is the impulses from central nervous system to the effector organs
- Efferent nervous are motor in nature.
- It carry out the response
- C) Central nervous system
- It consist of brain and spinal cord.
- Both the brain and spinal cord receive the impulses.
- Central nervous system controls all neural functions.
Peripheral nervous system
- Consist of nervous that originated from brain and spinal cord.
- The cranial nerves carry impulses from organs and spinal cord.
- Peripheral nervous system carries impulses required for control of functions
D.) receptor
- It receives stimulus called as receptors.
- It includes neuron’s
- It get activated after receiving of stimulus and transfer signal to central nervous system with neurons.
Effector
- Impulses generated by receptor carry with neuron to targeted cell called as effector.
- It includes muscles or glands.
- The nerve impulses causes the effector to contract.
7) How does phototropism occurs in plants.
Ans – Phototropism is the response of plant to light. plant shows variable responses related to developmental, physiological and Growth . The plant respond to various wavelength of light by directional growth Towards light in response to the light. The plant responds to particular wavelength of light plant shoot grow towards the light direction and root grows away from light. In some type of seed ,It germinate only when they received light otherwise it is in dominant condition, In some species the some plant grows in shade and develop toward light for receiving more light, It increase it’s growth rate. The photoreceptors are hopeful to detect the sense of light. The some protons play role of photoreceptor in such a way phototropism occurs plants.
8) Give an example and explain how plants immediately respond to stimulus?
Ans – Some plants are immediately respond to stimulus . Example is mimosa pudica this plant respond immediately when we touch the leave they are folding . The mimosa pudica plants leave have pad like swelling at the base called as pulvini. Due two water pressure pulvini hold the leaf erect. The plant show nastic movement by touch called as thigmonasty. The electrical impulses generate when we touch leaf and impulse act on plant hormone. Due to this Harmon the water present in pulvini cells which are closer to the leaf when migrate to other side of cell. It results in pulvini loss its firmness and leaves get folded.
9) Suggest an experiment to show how root grow away from light in most plants.
Ans- To show how root grows away from light in most plant, prefer the following experiment.
- Take a seedling plants for experiment.
- Keep the seedling containing jar to sunlight.
- Observe how root and shoot grows
- Then tilt the glass jar and keep the plant horizontally.
- Observe the root and shoot growth for more than a week.
- After the plant should growing toward the light due to more auxin collected on shaded side, this side grow fast, it results in the bending of plant towards light. it shows positive phototropism
- The root grow away from sunlight it shows negative phototropism.
12) How does a neuron different from an ordinary cell in structure? write notes.
Ans- The neuron transmit impulse properly . The structure of neuron is suitable for transmission of impulses. The neuron is the structural and functional unit of nerve system. The nerve cell consists of a cell body with prominent nucleus. The two type of projection Originates from cell body of nerve cell. Small projection are dendrites and long projection extended to various body part called as axon . The axon is surrounded by the specialized insulatory sheath known as myelin sheath . The nerve cell present in brain spinal cord and close to spinal cord. Those near spinal cord called as Dorsal or ventral root called as ganglion. The dendrites of one nerve cell connect to axon of other nerve cell by the connection called synapsis , It is region where two different neurons connected to each other and information are transmitted in between these two neurons. The synapsis gaps and essentially neuron do not have any protoplasmic connection between them, yet information is passed between two neurons.
13) Man is the most intelligent animal. What could be the fact that help us to reach such a inclusion?
Ans- The human being is very intelligent animals amongst the other animal. The human being have brain to store the information that he got from the different way. So that behaviour can be modified as per the past experience. The human is the only animals that interact with each other by the meaningful language and he got more information stored in the brain. In other animals they cannot pass the information as like a human being through voice. The knowledge of information stored by human is transport to next generation this is the fact that reach the conclusion the man is the most intelligent animal.
14) The axon of nerve cell in hand is shorter than the axon of nerve cell in leg. Do you support this statement? Why?
Ans- Yes I am support the statement because the nerve in the legs contain neural axon that originated from spinal cord all the way to the muscles in the foot, Distance about one metre. In general the length of legs is more long than hand. hence the axon of nerve cell in hand is shorter than the axon of nerve cells in the legs.
15) Organs respond to the external stimulus by a fraction of a second. How do you feel about such controlling mechanism human body?
Ans- The organs of human body respond to the external stimulus. The human body perform most of functions controled with complex mechanism. without this function the survival is impossible. The human body is compatible to great extent with various changes. The body part react quickly on receiving a stimulus and show certain behaviour on stimulating of sensory organ. Chemical signals are generated spontaneously after body sense stimulus. This signal travel down the neurons. The sensory nerve fibre carries the sensory impulses from central nervous system to the targeted organ called effector and it respond within a second to this signal.
16) State whether the following action are voluntary action, reflex action, or conditioned reflex?
- A) Blinking
- B) Cleaning the table
- C) Playing on the keyboard
- D) Salivating when food is put in the mouth
- E) We close our ear when we here on bearable sound.
- F) Ans- A) The blinking is the reflex action it is a quick and automatic mechanical response to a stimulus. D) Salivating when food is put in the mouth it is the reflex action, it is also automatic response and not controlled by us. B) Cleaning the table c) Salivating when food is put in the mouth E) Closing ear on the loud sound these three are the conditioned reflex action.
17) What will happen to the potted plant kept near window in the rooms?
Ans – When the potted plant kept near the window in room, it bent toward light, it shows phototropism. The phototropism is the response of plant to the light. this potted plants actively shows response to the light of a specific wavelength which allow them to adjust and adapt the surrounding environmental conditions and accelerates their growth. The special molecule photo receptor are made up of protein linked with chromophore. This photoreceptor helps to plant to detect the particular light and response into that light. The phototropism are of two type, when we keep potted plant at window the shoot bends toward the light that is the positive phototropism and the root grows away from the light that is the negative phototropism.
18) What happens if all functions of human body is controlled only by brain?
Ans- Most of the function in our body are controlled by brain, but some functions like reflex action and involuntary actions are not controlled by brain. If reflex action also controlled by brain, it will take a more time to complete action and by such lengthy action will causes danger to the body. If all the functions in body are controlled by brain the brain cannot perform properly results in the disturbance in the maintenance of other functions in the body.
19) If you visit a doctor what doubt you would like to clarify about pancreas?
Ans- If I will visit to doctor following thought I would like to clarify about the pancreas.
- What is the pancreas?
- What are the functions of pancreas in our body?
- What is the digestive juice secreted by an exocrine part of gland?
- What are the hormones secreted by pancreas?
- What is insulin?
- What are the conditions to secret the insulin?
- What is the function of insulin?
- What are the diseases caused due to the deficiency of insulin?
- What are the relation between insulin and diabetes?
- How pancreas works? what are the mechanism?
20) Take a small potted plants. Cover base portion of the plant tightly and hang the plat upside down. Observe the plant for a week. based on your observation how can you support phototropism?
Ans- When the small potted plants with covered base portion of the plant and hanging the part upside down. When such plants absorb light it shown phototropism. the plant responds to light of a specific wavelength which allow them to adopt with their surrounding environment and accelerate their growth. The photoreceptor is special molecules present in plants is helpful to sensing light , Plant have ability to detect light of a particular wavelength. The hanged plant shows to type off phototropism these are the positive phototropism and negative phototropism.
The shoot of plants and other part grow toward light this phototropism called as positive phototropism and The roots of this potted plant grows away from the light it is called as negative phototropism. Therefore even after hanging the best portion of plant upside down plant root grows away from the light, it shows both type of phototropism that is root grow away from the light and shoot growth toward the light. The roots shows geotropism.
21) Take a cock feather touch smoothly at different part of your body. find out which portion of the body has high sensation. Is this similar during sleeping? Prepare a report on it.
Ans – When we take a cock Feather and touch smoothly on a different part of my body. The most sensitive part of body is the foot , when we touch with Coke feather to foot ,we will feel more sensation than other organ. This experience even during the sleep. During the sleep when we touch, rubbed on smoothly on foot we feel the sensation, thus the sensation caused due to the cock feather can be felt even during the sleep.
22) What processor do you follow to understand the effect of plant growth hormones (in Agar medium) in the terminal portion of the tip of stem ( coleoptile )?
Ans- To understand the effect of plant growth hormones in the terminal portion of tip off steam follow the went experiment is as follow
- cut off the coleoptile tip from oat seedlings.
• Cut the Agar into small pieces block.
• Place the tip on the slice of Agar.
• Left them for an one hour.
• Place agar block on one side of each of the plant as shown in figure
• Keep this plant in dark during entire experiment.
• Within one hour observe that the distinct bending away from the side on which
small piece of Agar block was placed.
• The experiment show that the coleoptile tip exerted its effect by means of
chemical stimulus. This chemical stimulus comes to be growth hormone called
auxin. The auxin helps in the elongation of cells.
23) Collect information on the actions controlled by spinal cord by using reference book from your school library?
Ans – The central nervous system consist of spinal cord and brain. The spinal nerves are connected with various organs and body part. The maximum reflex action are controlled by spinal cord and this reflex action is known as spinal reflex action. The following are the some actions controlled by spinal cord.
- When strong light is flashed across the eye , the eye are closed by responding to light.
- When limbs are touched to hot things then withdraw of limbs from hot things quickly.
- When we see the favourite food there is a watering in our mouth.
24) Read the following sentence and compare with endocrine glands.
A) Pheromones are chemical substances secreted by Organism.
B) This act as a chemical signal secret by exocrine gland.
C) Pheromones are used as a signal by the members of the same species.
D) Honey bees secret pheromones that attract other bees to the location of food.
Ans – Pheromones are chemical secreted by the Organism – Pheromones are secreted by exocrine glands of the skin of Organism and are poured on skin surface hence this pheromones is known as ectohormones . Some insect interact with each other by secreting some pheromones this pheromones makes behaviour changes in other insects of same species, they give information of food dangerous by secreting some pheromones. Some insects are attract their mating partners by secreting pheromones.
The secretion by endocrine glands act as a signal. The endocrine gland secret the chemical called as hormones in the circulatory system this hormones do not change the behaviour of other organisms.
25) Collect the information about cranial nerves . Spinal nerve from Internet or from your school library.
Ans – The nerves that originated from brain called as cranial nerve and nerve originated from spinal cord is called as a spinal nerve. The cranial nerve originated from the brain are of 12 and the nerve originated from the spinal cord are of 31 pairs. These nerve are originated from central nervous system and connected to either receptor or effector organs from peripheral nervous system. The cranial nerve are named as cranial because of they pass through different form in the cranial bones. The spinal nerves are named and numbered according to the vertebrates with which they are assisted. Spinal nerves are the union of dorsal and ventral root shortly after the leave the spinal cord. The spinal nerve consist of two fibres that are afferent fibres and efferent fibres. The spinal nerve carries both sensory and motor impulses hence these are mixed type of nerves.
26) Draw a picture presenting connection between dendrites – dendrites , axon – dendrites. why do they connect like that?
Neuron consist of mainly body, dendrite, axon. The dendrites carries the impulses to the
body of neuron called as cyton and then impulses carry by axon from body of neutron to various body part . The axon is the longest arms of neuron, the gaps between two neurons called synapsis. It passes the impulses from one neuron to another that’s why it connect with each other by such a manner to carry impulses.
27) Draw a neat labelled diagram of brain and write few point how it is protected.
Ans
The brain is the vital organ in our body. The brain is present in the tough box of bone , it is a box like structure called cranium. Meninges is covered the brain and spinal cord . The fluid present in the space between inner layer called as cerebrospinal fluid and acts as a shock absorbing medium. it protect brain from external shocks in such a way that brain are protected.
32.) Hormones are released at specific place. specific time for a specific function. Prepare a cartoon on hormones with a nice caption.
Ans – Hormones are chemical secreted by the Endocrine glands. Hormones are non nutritive chemical , it is related to transmission of messages to different organs. It act on target cell in the body, many more functions are depend on hormonal secretion.
Fill in the blanks
1) The largest region of the brain is cerebrum
2) A point of contact between two is synapsis
3) Auxin phytohormones is responsible for elongation and differentiation of shoot tips and root tips.
4) Thyroxine is responsible for protein synthesis.
5) Gibberellins and auxins promote growth in plants abscisic acid arrest the same. Some situation are discussed here , state which hormones would be needed and why?
A) To grow a large dahlia plants gardener should use nutrient along with auxin
B) To grow long branches in dwarf plant one would use ethylene
C) Seed are to be stored for a long time abscisic hormones can help.
D) when the apex / stem tip it cut off , to insure growth of several lateral buds auxin hormones has to be used.
1) A person has loss of control on emotions, which part of brain stop its function?
A) Cerebrum
B) Diencephalon
C) Midbrain
D) Cerebellum
Ans- A) cerebrum
2) Leaf movement in mimosa helps to
A) Reduce photosynthesis
B) Protect from grazer
C) Releasing phytohormones
D) Regulate its growth
Ans – B) Protect from grazer
3) Diabetes is related to this glands
A) Thyroid
B) Pancreas
C) Adrenal
D) Pituitary
Ans- B) Pancreas