State of Matter

State of matter are following type.

Solid,  liquid,  gases.  And recently discovered another two state are plasma and boss Einstein state  (BES).

1) Solid State

Solid is that matter of state which have closely packed particles.  Solid state matter have definite mass and volume.

Example:  iron rod,  wood,  coal,  rock etc.

Coal

Iron rod

 

Water

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Properties:

  • Solid particles are closely packed.
  • Solid have definite mass and definite Volume.
  • Solid have fixed shape.
  • Solid have high density.
  • Solid cannot compress.
  • Solid have strong force of attraction.
  • They have lowest intermolecular space. Solid state particles
  • Particles only vibrate at their position.
  • Less kinetic energy.

2) Liquid State

Liquid is that matter of State which have loosely bound particles.  Liquid is a state which has definite mass and volume but not fixed shape.

Example:  water , alcohol, milk , lemonade, etc.

Milk

Water

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Properties:

  • Liquid state have loosely packed particles.
  • Liquid have definite mass and volume.
  • Liquid do not have fixed shape.
  • Density of liquid lesser than that of solid.
  • The particles of two different liquid can diffuse in one another easily.
  • Higher intermolecular space.
  • Less forces of attractions.
  • More kinetic energy. Liquid state of particles
  • Particles move throughout the liquid

3) Gasses State

A Gasses is state of matter which has definite mass but noDefinite shape and volume. In gasses state particles are free to move because the have more space.

Example:   Air,  N2,  H2  smoke,  etc

Properties:

  • Gas particles are free to move.
  • They do not have fix shape and volume.
  • A gas contain in a vessel has a definite mass.
  • Highest intermolecular space.
  • Least intermolecular force.
  • Maximum kinetic energy.
  • Gasses diffuse in one another rapidly to form Homogenous mixture.
  • Gasses expand to large extends when heated. Gasses state of particles
  • Density of gasses is extremely small as compare to Solid and liquid.

So recent discovered another two state of matterPasma,  and bose Einstein condensate state (BEC) are following.

i) Plasma State

Plasma considered as fourth state of matter, The state consists of super energetic particles. When constantly heat / energy/ electricity passed though the gasses,  it get ionized and form plasma.

At very high temperature of star atom lose their electrons. The mixture of electrons and nuclei that result in plasma state of matter. They highly ionized gas with equal number of positive and negative charges in which particles exist in super energetic and super excited states called plasma.

Example neon,  sign bulb.  Fluorescent, CFL tube etc.

ii) Bose Einstein condensate state (BEC)

BEC considered as fifth state of matter. Indian physician S.N Bose share their calculations about BEC with A. Einsteinin 1920, after the prediction on Einstein it give name BEC.  After some years Eric A cornell,  Wolfgang katterle,  Carl Edwards wieman, of USAprepared BEC state of matter in 1995 and get Nobel Prize in 2001.

Bose Eisenstein condensate state is formed by cooling a gas of extremely low Density about one hundred thousandth the density of normal air to super low temperature.

Or It is state of matter in which separate atom or subatomic Particles cooled near about absolute zero temperatures (-273.15°C)

Example Super conductor,  Super fluid etc.

Question Answer:

1) Write the properties of solid state matter?

Answer:  Solid particles are closely packed.

  • Solid have definite mass and definite Volume.
  • Solid have fixed shape.
  • Solid have high density.
  • Solid cannot compress.
  • Solid have strong force of attraction.
  • They have lowest intermolecular space.
  • Particles only vibrate at their position.
  • Less kinetic energy.

2) What is BEC?

Answer:  Bose Eisenstein condensate state is formed by cooling a gas of extremely low Density about one hundred thousandth the density of normal air to super low temperature.

OR

It is state of matter in which separate atom or sub atomicParticles cooled near about absolute zero temperatures (-273.15°C).

3) What is plasma?

Answer: They highly ionized gas with equal number of positive and negative charges in which particles exist in super energetic and super excited states called plasma.

Example neon,  sign bulb.  Fluorescent, CFL tube etc.

4) Write the properties of gasses state?

Answer: Gas particles are free to move.

  • They do not have fix shape and volume.
  • A gas contain in a vessel has a definite mass.
  • Highest intermolecular space.
  • Least intermolecular force.
  • Maximum kinetic energy.
  • Gasses diffuse in one another rapidly to form
  • Homogenous mixture.

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