Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 8 Pdf
Tamilnadu Board Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 8: Tamilnadu State Board Solution Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 8 – The Beginning of the Modern Age.
Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 8: Overview
Board |
Samacheer Kalvi |
Class |
9 |
Subject |
Social Science History |
Chapter |
8 |
Chapter Name |
The Beginning of the Modern Age |
Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 8 The Beginning of the Modern Age
I.) Choose the correct Answer
1.) Who among the following is known as the Father of Humanism?
a.) Leonardo da Vinci
b.) Petrarch
c.) Erasmus
d.) Thomas More
Answer: b. Petrarch.
2.) The School of Athens was painted by
a.) Raphael
b.) Michelangelo
c.) Albrecht Durer
d.) Leonardo da Vinci
Answer: a. Raphael.
3.) William Harvey discovered ____________.
a.) Heliocentric theory
b.) Geocentric theory
c.) Gravitational force
d.) Circulation of blood
Answer: d. Circulation of blood
4.) Who wrote the 95 Theses?
a.) Martin Luther
b.) Zwingli
c.) John Calvin
d.) Thomas More
Answer: a. Martin Luther
5.) Who wrote the book Institutes of Christian Religion?
a.) Martin Luther
b.) Zwingli
c.) John Calvin
d.) Cervantes
Answer: c. John Calvin
6.) Which sailor was the first to cross the Equator?
a.) Henry, the Navigator
b.) Lopo Gonzalves
c.) Bartholomew Diaz
d.) Christopher Columbus
Answer: b. Lopo Gonzalves
7.) __________ named the sea as Pacific Ocean as it was very calm.
a.) Columbus
b.) Amerigo Vespucci
c.) Ferdinand Magellan
d.) Vasco-da-gama
Answer: c. Ferdinand Magellan
8.) The continent of America was named after _____________.
a.) Amerigo Vespucci
b.) Christopher Columbus
c.) Vasco da Gama
d.) Hernando Cortez
Answer: a. Amerigo Vespucci
9.) ___________ was the headquarters of the Portuguese possession in the East.
a.) Manila
b.) Bombay
c.) Pondicherry
d.) Goa
Answer: d. Goa
10.) Which among the following plants were introduced from America to Europe?
a.) Sugarcane.
b.) Sweet Potato
c.) Rice
d.) Wheat
Answer: b. Sweet Potato
II.) Fill in the blanks
1.) In 1453 Constantinople was captured by Ottoman Turk.
2.) Erasmus was known as Prince among Humanists.
3.) Michelangelo is famous for his paintings in the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
4.) The reformation of the Catholic Church is known as Counter- Reformation.
5.) The chief features of Commercial Revolution were emergence of banking, joint-stock companies and growth of trade.
III.) Find out the correct statement
1.) a. Martin Luther broke away from the Catholic Church because he was discriminated.
b.) John Calvin’s government in Geneva was liberal and fun-filled.
c.) King Henry VIII had deep theological differences with the Catholic Church.
d.) Council of Trent reemphasized the importance of ceremonies and significance of the mass.
Answer: Statement a) and Statement d) are correct statement.
2.) a. Discovery of new lands and sea routes shifted the economic centre from Italian city states to Spain and Portugal.
b.) Horses were native to America.
c.) During the begining of the Modern Age, State did not interfere in economic activities.
d.) The Portuguese collaborated with the Arabs in its trading activities in India.
Answer: Only statement a) is correct statement.
IV.) Match the following
Answers
1.) Feudalism – Hierarchical socio-economic structure
2.) Humanism – Human dignity
3.) Inquisition – Trial of Heretics
4.) Mercantilism – Monopoly Trade
5.) Columbian Exchange – Movement of goods between America and Europe.
V.) Answer the following questions briefly
1.) Explain how the invention of printing press influenced Renaissance, Reformation and Geographical discoveries.
Answer: Invention of printing caused many positive changes in society. Before the invention of printing press manuscripts were written on the skin of animals or on stone. Animal skin used for writing was known as Vellum. This type of skin was accessible for privileged people. Johannes Gutenberg invented printing press in Germany. Printing press was helpful to make copies of important documents and disseminate it among the people. It helped to spread the knowledge very fast and speed up the process of modernisation.
2.) Write a short note on the impact of Renaissance.
Answer: As a result of renaissance we got idea of humanism. Individualism, secularism and nationalism are also come from renaissance. In the period of Dante, the vernacular writing was introduced and many people were practicing it, in this time vernacular language provided an intellectual basis for the rise of nation and states. Renaissance started to criticize the corrupt and worldly practice of the Church. Erasmus and Thomas More encouraged this reformation movement indirectly. The renaissance also caused curiosity to discover many new things like new land, new routes and remapping of the world. Adventure and quest of knowledge impelled the mariners to sail into the high seas. Thus renaissance impacted the world.
3.) Outline the differences of Martin Luther with the Catholic Church.
Answer: Martin Luther was a monk from Augustinian Order. He was also a professor of Theology in the University of Wittenberg. He was follower of Catholic faith. He saw Christian monks in Rome and he pointed out some differences. He was against the belief that says ceremonies and penances lead to salvation. According to him if a person has a faith then a person alone can attain salvation. He came up with doctrine of justification by faith. He also in favour that Bible should be interpreted and read by all not only church. He also rejected the intermediary role of Church. He established the Protestant Church.
4.) Write a brief note on Counter Reformation.
Answer: After the protestant reformation Catholic Church also went through reform in the leadership of Pope Paul III and his successors. Catholic Church ended the corruption and stopped the sale of offices. Council of Trent reemphasized the importance of ceremonies and the importance of the mass. According the Catholic Church the scriptures like Bible can be interpreted by the Church only. This reformation is known as Counter Reformation.
5.) What is Columbian Exchange?
Answer: When European colonial powers reached America there are many things are exchanged between these two worlds. The New World and the Old World were totally unknown to each other and when they started commuting other things like plants, animals, technology, culture and strange diseases between these two worlds are exchanged. This exchange is known as Columbian Exchange.
VI.) Answer the following in detail
1.) Discuss how Renaissance, Reformation and Geographical discoveries heralded the modern age?
Answer: Italy was full of enthusiasm and interest of classical literature and art of Greeks and Romans in the Italian city states. Renaissance word comes from the Italian word ‘renascita’ means rebirth. Artist showed their creativity from art, writings, architecture and music. Due to Mediterranean trade some cities like Florence, Venice, Milan and Rome very profited hence the culture of these cities was very rich.
The Roman Catholic Church was one of the powerful institutions at the time of middle ages. The Pope was the head and his office called as Papacy. Many officials of the church were corrupt and the offices were sold. The Church told people that they will suffer in purgatory because of their sins and if they repented their sings and did penance only then they can go to heaven. People were practicing ceremony to reduce sins. Martine Luther opposed such practices and rejected these beliefs. According to him people can attain salvation if they have faith. He was also in favour of interpretation of Bible to other language so people can understand it by themselves. He denied intermediary role of the Church. He caused Reformation in Italy.
Henry was a navigator from Portugal. He started schools to train sailors. Sailors like Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta were generated curiosity among the people. Many Missionaries also were ready to go for voyages to spread the gospel to the non-believers in distant lands. When the Ottoman Turks blocked the land route then it was requirement to find new route to Asia and it was a sea route. New routes are found to Spain and other European countries.