Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 4 Pdf
Tamilnadu Board Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 4: Tamilnadu State Board Solution Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 4 – Intellectual Awakening and Socio-Political Changes.
Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 4: Overview
Board |
Samacheer Kalvi |
Class |
9 |
Subject |
Social Science History |
Chapter |
4 |
Chapter Name |
Intellectual Awakening and Socio-Political Changes |
Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 4 Intellectual Awakening and Socio-Political Changes
I.) Choose the correct Answer
1.) Identify the founder of a new sect who exemplified simplicity and self-denial.
(a) Buddha
(b) Lao-tze
(c) Confucius
(d) Zoroaster
2.) The Magadha king influenced by the teachings of Mahavira
(a) Dhananandha
(b) Chandragupta
(c) Bimbisara
(d) Shishunaga
3.) The northern India extended from the Kabul Valley in the north to the Godavari in the south witnessed the rise of Sixteen States.
(a) Mahajanapadas
(b) Gana-sanghas
(c) Dravida
(d) Dakshinapatha
4.) Tri-ratnas are the three priniciples taught by
(a) Buddha
(b) Mahavira
(c) Lao-tze
(d) Confucius
5.) The account which throws light on Mauryan polity and society
(a) Marco Polo
(b) Fahien
(c) Megasthanes
(d) Seleucus
6.) (i) Under the Magadha king the mahamatriyas functioned as secretaries to the ministers.
(ii) Accounts of Megasthanes titled Indica is a useful record about Mauryan polity and society.
(iii) Nanda’s attempt to build an imperial structure was cut short by Ashoka who founded the Mauryan kingdom.
(iv) According to tradition, towards the end of his life Chandragupta become an ardent follower of Buddhism.
a) (i) is correct
b) (ii) is correct
c) (i) and (ii) are correct
d) (iii) and (iv) are correct
Fill in the blanks
1.) Zend Avesta is a collection of sacred literature of different epochs, containing prayers, confessions and myths.
2.) In the Gangetic plain Iron plough agriculture required the use of bullocks.
3.) Jains believe that Mahavira came in a long line of Tirthankaras and he was the twenty – fourth and the last.
4.) The place where Buddha attained enlightenment has been built into the Mahabodhi temple that still exists in Bodh Gaya (Bihar).
5.) The rock edicts form the reliable source to know about the Mauryan empire in particular the Dharmic rule of Ashoka.
III.) Find out the correct statement
1.) a) The introduction of Bronze tools made easy the removal of dense forest cover from the banks of the Ganges.
b) Ajivikas had a small presence in western India.
c) The clusters where particular clansmen were dominant came to be known were Pre-Mauryan states.
d) Of the kingdoms mentioned in the literature of the period Kashi, Kosala and Magadha are considered to be powerful.
Answer: Only d) is correct.
2.) a) Ajatashatru was the first important king of Magadha.
b) Bimbisara succeeded in establishing a comprehensive structure of administration.
c) The Mauryas were the first of non-Kshatriya dynasties to rule in northern India.
d) Nanda’s attempt to build an imperial structure was cut short by Ashoka.
Answer: Only b) is correct.
IV.) Match the following
Answer
1.) Eight-fold path – path to attain the purest state of mind
2.) Bahubali – tallest Jaina statue
3.) The Spring and Autumn Annals – a code of political morality
4.) Zend Avesta – sacred literature of laws and myths
5.) Rishabha – first Tirthankara
V.) Answer the following briefly
1.) Write above Hinayana and Mahayana.
Answer: At the time of Kanishka king, the Buddhist monk Nagarjuna initiated reforms which caused split of Buddhism. First one is the Hinayana and another is Mahayana.
i) The Hinayana: Meaning of Hinayana means lesser Vehicle. This sect follows the original principles preached by Buddha. The followers of the Hinayana don’t worship Buddha as their Guru and don’t worship him as a god. Follower of this sect also denied idol worship and continued with the language of people which was Pali at that time.
ii) Mahayana: Mahayana means Greater Vehicle. In this sect Buddha is worshipped as God and Bodhisattuva considered as his previous avatar. This sect created images and made statues of Buddha and Bodhisattuva and offered prayers and recited hymns (mantras) to praise the statues and images. Later on they wrote religious books in Sanskrit and this form is patronised by Kanishka.
2.) Elaborate the term “Tri-ratnas”.
Answer: “Tri-ratnas” are the three principles of Jainism. These Tri-ratnas are known as teachings of Mahavira. They are as follow
i) Right faith: According to it Mahavira is the wise person and a person has to believe on his teaching and wisdom.
ii) Right Knowledge: The right knowledge is accepting the theory that there is no God and the world existed without any creator.
iii) Right Action: These are five observations of the Mahavira
- Ahimsa
- Honesty
- Kindness
- Truthfullness
- Not coveting or desiring things belonging to others.
3.) What do you know of Ajatasatru?
Answer: Ajatshatru was the son of Bimbisara. He murdered his father and sat on the throne in 493 BCE. Ajatshatru continued to expand his kingdom like his father also protected kingdom from external threats. He strengthened his Rajagriha fort and also constructed another fort at Pataligrama.
4.) What does the Edict of Kalinga convey?
Answer: Ashoka started war against Kalinga to bring the remaining parts of South India into his empire. The people of Kalinga defeated even after fighting bravely with the army of Ashoka. The war was very violent, many people killed in the war. It was a large scale slaughter which affected Ashoka emotionally. After this incident Ashoka came into contact with Buddhist monk Upagupta and became an ardent Buddhist and propounded his Dharma. This incident convey the message of Buddha and spread the message of Ahimsa.
5.) Highlight the steps taken by Ashoka to spread Buddhism.
Answer: After the incident of Kalinga Ashoka accepted Buddhism and didn’t kill anyone from the captive of Kalinga. Ashoka expanded his passion to protect life to animals. He constructed hospitals for humans and animals. He prohibited sacrifice of animal. Ashoka sent his son Mahendra and his daughter Sanghamitra to Ceylon to spread his message of Dharma.
VI.) Answer the following in detail
1.) Discuss the five cardinal principles of Confucius.
Answer: The five cardinal principles of Confucius are as follow
i) Humaneness: Humaneness means the compassion towards other people or living things. Human should be kind to each other and animals.
ii) Righteousness: Righteousness means holding moral behaviour strongly. A person must have good quality of morality and being right.
iii) Propriety: Propriety means good ability to be correct and proper. A proper behaviour makes person successful.
iv) Wisdom: Wisdom means having ability to make good judgment by using experience.
v) Trustworthiness: A person should be worthy enough that other people will trust on the person.
2.) Compare and contrast the principles of Jainism and Buddhism
Answer: Jainism and Buddhism were having many similarities like both religions are not worshipping idols, both religions were opposing Vedic culture and against exploitative Brahmanism. But there were some differences between these two religions as follow
i) In Buddhism monks were very important where in Jainism the importance was given to followers.
ii) Buddhism didn’t change women’s situation whereas Jainism was comparatively liberal to women.
iii) Buddhism was practical in behaviours whereas Jainism focussed on extreme Ahimsa.
iv) Buddhism did not believed on soul and expressed moderate ways to attain salvation where Jainism believed in soul and it has extreme methods to attain salvation.