Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Term 2 Geography Solutions Chapter 1 Pdf

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Term 2 Geography Solutions Chapter 1 Pdf

Tamilnadu Board Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Term 2 Geography Solutions Chapter 1: Tamilnadu State Board Solution Class 7 Social Science Term 2 Geography Chapter 1 – Resources.

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Geography Solutions Chapter 1: Overview

Board Samacheer Kalvi
Class 7
Subject Social Science Geography
Term 2
Chapter Name Resources

 

Chapter 1: Resources

 

Multiple choice questions:(marks:1)

 

1. Forests,crops, animals,man etc. are the examples of:

A. Biotic resources
B. Abiotic resources
C. Renewable resources

Ans: Biotic resources.

 

2. What is an example of abiotic resources:

A. Man and materials
B. Sunlight
C. Petroleum

Ans: sunlight.

 

3. which country is the largest producer of hydroelectricity:

A. India
B. United States
C. China

Ans: china.

 

4. Which country is the world’s largest producer of gold:

A. China
B. United Kingdom
C. Brazil

Ans: China.

 

5. The largest gold producer state of India:

A. Uttar Pradesh
B. Gujrat
C. Karnataka

Ans: Karnataka.

 

6. Which is the world’s leading bauxite producing country:

A. Australia
B. China
C. Brazil

Ans: Australia.

 

7. Which country is the world’s leading silver producer:

A. China
B. Australia
C. Mexico

Ans: Mexico.

 

8. South Africa is the world’s leading producer of:

A. Manganese
B. Silver
C. Iron

Ans: manganese.

 

9. Assertion (A): petroleum is called as black gold.
Reason(R): petroleum is black in colour and it’s very valuable.

A. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. R is true but A is false.

Ans: Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

 

Answer the following questions: (marks:1)

 

1. What is called a resource?

Ans: Anything which can be used for satisfying human needs is called a resource.

 

2. Which countries are the major utilizers of solar energy in the world?

Ans: India, China, Japan, Italy and the United States of America are the major utilizers of solar energy in the world.

 

3. Which are the major wind energy producing countries?

Ans: United States, China, Germany, Spain, India, United Kingdom, Canada and Brazil are the major wind energy producing countries.

 

4. Which countries are the major hydro power producing countries?

Ans: China, Canada, Brazil, United States of America, Russia, Japan, India and Norway are the major hydro power producing countries.

 

5. What is the largest hydro electricity project in the world?

Ans: Three gorges dam in China is the world’s largest hydro electricity project.

 

6. Which is the deepest gold mine in the world?

Ans: Kolar gold field is the deepest gold mine in the world.

 

7. What are the major gold producing countries in the world?

Ans: China, Australia, Russia, United States, South Africa and Canada are the major
producers of gold.

 

8. Which is the world’s largest gold producer country?

Ans: China is the world’s largest producer of gold.

 

9. Write down the major bauxite producing countries in the world?

Ans: Australia, China, Brazil, India, Guinea, Jamaica and Russia are the major bauxite
producing countries.

 

10. Which are the major bauxite producing states in India?

Ans: Odisha, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Tamil Nadu and Madhya
Pradesh are the main bauxite producing states in India.

 

11. Which are the major Silver producing countries?

Ans: Mexico, Peru, China, Russia, Australia and Chile are major producers of silver. More than 50% of silver is found only in South American countries.

 

12. What are the most common manganese ore?

Ans: The common ores of manganese are Pyrolusite Manganese, Psilomelane and
Rhodochrosite.

13. Which are the major manganese producing countries?

Ans: The significant producers of manganese in the world are South Africa,China, Australia, Gabon, Brazil and India.

 

14. What are the common ores of mica?

Ans: Muscovite and Biotite are the common ores of mica.

 

15. Which country is the world’s top producer of mica?

Ans: China is the world’s top producer of mica.

16. Which are the major mica producing states of India?

Ans: Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan and Jharkhand are the major mica producing states of
India.

 

17. What are the major limestone producing countries?

Ans: China produces more than half of limestone production in the world. Beside this, United States, India, Russia, Brazil and Japan also produces Limestone.

 

18. What is called thermal power?

Ans: Electricity produced from coal is called thermal power.

 

19. Which is the world’s leading coal producing country?

Ans: China is the world’s leading coal producing country.

 

20. Which are the major petroleum producing countries?

Ans: The chief petroleum producing countries are Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq and Qatar. The other major producers are the USA, Russia, Venezuela, Kuwait, UAE and Algeria.

 

21. What are the major petroleum producing states in India?

Ans: The leading petroleum producing statesin India are Digboi in Assam, Bombay High in Mumbai and the deltas of Krishna and Godavari rivers.

 

22. Write down the types of coal?

Ans: Coal is classified into four types based on carbon content. They are: Anthracite,
Bituminous, Lignite, Peat.

 

23. Write down the natural gas resources?

Ans: More than 50% of the global natural gas reserves are found in United States of
America, Russia, Iran and Qatar. In India, Krishna and Godavari Delta, Assam, Gujarat and some areas offshore in Mumbai have natural gas resources.

 

24. Which are common iron ores?

Ans: Magnetite and Hematite are the common iron ores.

 

25. Which is the most copper producing country in the world?

Ans: The major copper producing country in the world is Chile.

 

26. Which countries are the principal producer of iron ore in the world?

Ans: China, Australia, Brazil, India and Russia are the principal producers accounting for
85% of the world’s total output of iron ore.

 

Answer the following questions: ( marks:2/3)

 

1. What are resources? Write down the importance of resources ? (1+2)

Ans: Anything which can be used for satisfying human needs is called a resource.

✓ Importance of resource:

  • Natural resources satisfy daily needs of man such as food, clothing and shelter.
  • Natural resources also contribute immensely to boost up a nation’s economy.

 

2. What do you mean by Biotic resources?

Ans: Biotic resources are found in the biosphere which are obtained from living and
organic materials. It includes forests, crops, birds, animals, fishes, man and materials that can be obtained from them. Fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum are also included in this category because they are formed from decayed organic matter.

 

3. What do you mean by abiotic resources?

Ans: Abiotic resources are the non-living parts of an environment. Examples of abiotic
resources include land, water, air, sunlight and heavy metals including ores such as gold, iron, copper, silver etc.

 

4. What are renewable resources?

Ans: A renewable resource is a resource which can be used repeatedly and replaced
naturally. Such as; solar energy, wind energy, and hydropower.

 

5. What are non renewable resources?

Ans: Natural resources that once consumed and cannot be replaced are called nonrenewable resources. Examples of non-renewable resources include fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and mineral resources such as iron, copper, bauxite, gold, silver and others.

 

6. which is the major solar power project in the world?

Ans: Kamuthi solar power project is one of the largest solar power projects in the world. It is situated in Ramanathapuram ,a district in Tamilnadu. The Kamuthi solar power project was completed on 21st September 2016. Investment of this project is around 4,550 Crores. The installed capacity of this project is 648 MW.

 

7. Write down the names of major wind farms in Ind

Ans: The major wind farm projects of India are:

  • Muppandal in Tamil Nadu
  • Jaisalmer in Rajasthan
  • Brahmanvel Dhule in Maharashtra
  • Dhalgaon in Maharashtra
  • Damanjodi in Odisha.

 

8. Write down the names of famous hydro electric projects of India?

Ans: The famous hydro electric projects of India are:

  • Tehri Dam in Uttarakhand
  • Srisailam Dam in Andhra Pradesh
  •  Nagarjuna Sagar Dam in Andhra Pradesh
  • Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat
  • Bhakra Nangal Dam in Punjab
  •  Koyna Dam in Maharashtra
  •  Mettur dam in Tamil Nadu
  •  Idukki dam in Kerala.

 

9. What are the major hydro electricity projects in the world?

Ans: The major hydro electricity projects in the world are:

  • Three gorges Dam in China\
  • Itaipu Dam in Brazil and Paraguay
  • Xiluodu Dam in China
  • Guri Dam in Venezuela
  • Tucurui Dam in Brazil.

 

10. What do you mean by metallic resources?

Ans: Metallic resources are the type of resources that are composed of metals. These are hard substances, which are the good conductors of heat and electricity. Such as; iron, copper, gold, bauxite, silver, manganese, etc.

 

11. What is non metallic resources?

Ans: Non-metallic resources can be described as the resources that do not comprise of metals. These are not hard substances, and are not good conductors of heat and electricity. Such as; mica, limestone, gypsum, dolomite, phosphate, etc.

 

Answer the following questions: (marks:5)

 

1. Discuss about the types of resources?

Ans: The major types of resources are as follows:

A. On the basis of origin: on the basis of origin resources may be divided into two types. They are:

Biotic resources: Biotic resources are found in the biosphere which are obtained
from living and organic materials. It includes forests, crops, birds, animals, fishes,
man and materials that can be obtained from them. Fossil fuels such as coal and
petroleum are also included in this category because they are formed from decayed
organic matter.

Abiotic resources: Abiotic resources are the non-living parts of an environment.
Such as; land, water, air, sunlight and heavy metals including ores such as gold, iron,
copper, silver etc.

B. On the basis of renewability: on the basis of renewality resources can be divided
into two types. They are:

Renewable resources:

A renewable resource is a resource which can be used repeatedly and replaced naturally.

Renewable resources harvested and used rationally will not produce pollution. The use
of renewable resources and energy sources is increasing worldwide. Such as; solar energy, wind energy, and hydropower.

Non-renewable resources:

Natural resources that once consumed and cannot be replaced is called non-renewable
resources. Continuous consumption of non-renewable resources ultimately leads to
exhaustion. Examples of non-renewable resources are fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum,
natural gas and mineral resources such as iron, copper, bauxite, gold, silver and others.
Non-renewable resources can be divided into three types. They are:

✓ Metallic resources: Metallic resources are the type of resources that are composed of metals. These are hard substances, which are the good conductors of heat and electricity.

Example for metallic resources are iron, copper, gold, bauxite, silver, manganese, etc.

✓ Non – Metallic resources: Non-metallic resources can be described as the resources that do not comprise of metals. These are not hard substances, and are not good conductors of heat and electricity. Such as; mica, limestone, gypsum, dolomite, phosphate, etc.

✓ Fossil fuel resources: Fossil fuel resources are normally formed from the remains of dead plants and animals. They are often referred to as fossil fuels and are formed from
hydrocarbon. When fossil fuels are burned, they become a great source of heat energy.
Example for fossil fuel resources are: coal, petroleum and natural gas.

 

2. Write down about the Renewable energy resources?

Ans: Renewal energy is the type of abiotic resources. A renewable resource is a resource which can be used repeatedly and replaced naturally. Renewable resources harvested and used rationally will not produce pollution. The use of renewable resources and energy sources is increasing worldwide.
Example: solar energy, wind energy, and hydropower.

✓ Solar energy :

The sun produces energy in the form of heat and light. Solar energy is not harmful
to the environment. Photovoltaic devices or solar cells, directly convert solar energy into
electricity. Individual solar cell in group panel can perform small applications from charging calculator, watch batteries, to large such as to power residential dwellings. Photovoltaic power plants and concentrating solar power plants are the largest solar applications covering acres. India, China, Japan, Italy and States of America are major utilizers of solar energy in the world. Kamuthi solar power project is one of the largest solar power projects in the world. It is situated in Ramanathapuram District in Tamilnadu.

✓ Wind energy:

Wind power is clean energy since wind turbines does not produce any outflow. In recent
years, wind energy has become one of the most economical and renewable energy
technologies. The Classic Dutch windmill harnessed the wind’s energy hundreds of years ago. Modern wind turbines with three blades dot the landscape today, turning wind into electricity. Major wind energy producing countries are United States, China, Germany, Spain, India, United Kingdom, Canada and Brazil.The major wind farm projects of India are:

  • Muppandal in Tamil Nadu
  • Jaisalmer in Rajasthan
  • Brahmanvel Dhule in Maharashtra
  • Dhalgaon in Maharashtra
  • Damanjodi in Odisha.

✓ Hydropower:

Water is considered as a great source of energy. At present, water is used for producing
hydroelectric power. Hydroelectricity is generated from moving water with high
velocity and great falls with the help of turbines and dynamos. Hydroelectricity power is the cheapest and most versatile source of energy out of all the known energy. Hydroelectric power is a renewable resource. China, Canada, Brazil, United States of America, Russia, India, Norway and Japan are some countries producing hydroelectricity. China is the largest
producer of hydro-electricity. Three Gorges Dam in China is the largest hydroelectricity
project in the world. The major hydro electricity projects in the world are:

  • Three gorges Dam in China
  • Itaipu Dam in Brazil and Paraguay
  • Xiluodu Dam in China
  • Guri Dam in Venezuela
  • Tucurui Dam in Brazil.

 

3. Write about the non renewable energy resources?

Ans: Non renewable energy resources are the type of abiotic resources. Natural resources that once consumed and cannot be replaced is called non-renewable resources. Continuous consumption of non-renewable resources ultimately leads to exhaustion. Examples of nonrenewable resources are fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and mineral resources such as iron, copper, bauxite, gold, silver and others. Non-renewable resources can be divided into three types.

They are:

● Metallic resources:

Metallic resources are the type of resources that are composed of metals. These are hard substances, which are the good conductors of heat and electricity. Such as; iron, copper, gold, bauxite, silver, manganese, etc.

✓ Iron:

Iron is the fourth most common element in the Earth’s crust and the most widely available metal. Magnetite and hematite are the common ore for iron, which occurs normally in the rocks of the crust. Iron ore is the key raw material in making steel and 98% of the iron ore extracted is used to make Steel. Among the iron ore producing countries China, Australia, Brazil, India and Russia are the principal producers accounting for 85% of the world’s total output of iron ore.

✓ Copper:

Copper is one of the first metals known and used by man. Copper ranks as the third most consumed industrial metal in the world after Iron and Aluminium. Copper is good conductor of heat and electricity. About three quarters of copper is used to make electrical wires, telecommunication cables and electronics.Chile is the world’s number one country in the production of copper. Other copper producing countries are Peru, China, United States, Congo and Australia.

✓ Gold :

It is a rare and precious metal. Formerly, it was used for minting coins, but now it is used
for making ornaments and in dentistry. It is regarded as a symbol of prosperity and a form of wealth. China is the world’s largest producer of gold. Also, Australia, Russia, United States, South Africa and Canada are the major producers of gold. Karnataka is the largest producer of gold in India. Kolar Gold Field is one of the deepest mines of the World.

✓ Bauxite :

Aluminium is produced from bauxite ore. There are several ores that contain aluminium
but bauxite contains more aluminium. Aluminium has wide range of uses compared
to other metals. It is mainly used in the construction of aircrafts, ship, automobiles,
railway coaches and etc. Aluminium is a good conductor of electricity and heat, hence, it is used for making electrical cables. It is highly resistant to corrosion. By the addition of small quantities of other metals to aluminium, it creates superior alloy than pure aluminium.Australia is the world’s leading bauxite producer. Apart from that, China, Brazil,India, Guinea, Jamaica and Russia also play an important role in bauxite production.

✓ Silver:

Silver is also a precious metal like gold. It has a wider variety of uses than gold. It is used in making jewellery, dentistry, photographic goods, electroplating industry and in the manufacture of luxury goods. Mexico is the world’s leading silver producer. Following Mexico, Peru, China, Russia, Australia and Chile produce more silver.

✓ Manganese:

Manganese is a steel-greyed, hard, shiny and brittle metal. The common ores of manganese are Pyrolusite Manganese, Psilomelane and Rhodochrosite. Manganese is essential for the production of good quality Steel. Manganese is used in making electrical batteries. It is also used as colouring material in bricks, pottery, floor tiles. Manganese compounds are used in making disinfecting liquids, bleaching powder, fertilizers etc.South Africa is the world’s leading producer of manganese. The major producers of manganese in the world are China,Australia, Gabon, Brazil and India.

● Non-metallic resources:

Non-metallic resources can be described as the resources that do not comprise of metals.These are not hard substances, and are not good conductors of heat and electricity. Such as; mica, limestone, gypsum, dolomite, phosphate, etc.

✓ Mica:

Muscovite and Biotite are the common ores of Mica. It is used as an insulating material in electrical industry. In powder form, it is used for making lubricating oils and decorative
wallpapers.China is the world’s top producer of mica. Russia, Finland, United States, Turkey and Republic of Korea also play a major role in the production of mica.

✓ Limestone:

Limestone is a sedimentary rock, composed mainly by skeletal fragments of marine
organisms such as coral, foraminifera and molluscs. About 10% of sedimentary rocks
are limestones. It is used for facing stone, floor tiles, stair treads, windows sills and many other purposes. Crushed limestone is used in smelting and other metal refining process.
China produces more than half of limestone production in the world. Beside this, United
States, India, Russia, Brazil and Japan also produces limestone.

● Fossil fuel resources :

Fossil fuel resources are normally formed from the remains of dead plants and animals. They are often referred to as fossil fuels and are formed from hydrocarbon. When fossil fuels are burned, they become a great source of heat energy. Such as; coal, petroleum and natural gas.

✓ Coal:

This is the most abundantly found fossil fuel that forms when dead plant matter is converted into peat. It is used as a domestic fuel, in industries such as iron and steel, steam engines to generate electricity. Electricity produced from coal is called Thermal Power. The leading coal producers of the world is China. Beside this, India, USA, Australia, Indonesia and Russia also produce more coal.

✓ Petroleum:

Petroleum is found between the layers of rocks and is drilled from oil fields located in
Offshore and coastal areas. This is sent to refineries which process crude oil and produce variety of products like diesel, petrol, kerosene, wax, plastics and lubricants. Petroleum and its derivatives are called Black Gold as they are very valuable. The chief petroleum producing countries are Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq and Qatar. The other major producers are USA, Russia, Venezuela, Kuwait, UAE and Algeria. The leading producers in India are Digboi in Assam, Bombay High in Mumbai and the deltas of Krishna and Godavari rivers.

✓ Natural gas:

Natural gas is found with petroleum deposits and is released when crude oil is brought to the surface. It can be used as a domesticand industrial fuel. More than 50% of the global natural gas reserves are found in United States of America, Russia, Iran and Qatar. In India, Krishna and Godavari Delta, Assam, Gujarat and some areas of offshore in Mumbai have natural gas resources.

 

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Updated: September 8, 2022 — 4:51 pm

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