Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Term 3 History Solutions Chapter 3 Pdf

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Term 3 History Solutions Chapter 3 Pdf

Tamilnadu Board Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Term 3 History Solutions Chapter 3: Tamilnadu State Board Solution Class 6 Social Science Term 3 History Chapter 3 – The age of empires: Gupta’s and Vardhanas

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 3: Overview

Board

Samacheer Kalvi
Class

6

Subject

Social Science History
Term

3

Chapter Name

The age of empires: Gupta’s and Vardhanas

 

Multiple choice questions: (marks:1)

1.) Who was the greatest ruler of the Gupta dynasty:

A.) Samudragupta

B.) Chandragupta

C.) Sri Gupta

Ans: Samudragupta.

 

2.) “Kaviraja” title earned by:

A.) Chandragupta

B.) Samudragupta

C.) Chandragupta II

Ans: Samudragupta.

 

3.) Who built the famous Nalanda University:

A.) Samudragupta

B.) Vikramaditya

C.) Kumar gupta I

Ans: kumar gupta I.

 

4.) Who was the last recognised king of the Gupta dynasty:

A.) Sri Gupta

B.) Baladitya

C.) Vishnu Gupta

Ans: Vishnu Gupta.

 

5.) “Ashtadhyayi” was written by:

A.) Panini

B.) Patanjali

C.) Kalidasa

Ans: panini.

 

6.) The famous work of patanjali was:

A.) Ashtadhyayi

B.) Mahabhashya

C.) Sakuntala

Ans: Mahabhasya.

 

Answer the following questions: (marks:1)

1.) Who was the founder of the Gupta dynasty?

Ans: The founder of the Gupta dynasty was Sri Gupta.

 

2.) Who composed the prayag prashasti?

Ans: Samudragupta’s court poet Harisena.

 

3.) Who was known as Vikramaditya?

Ans: Chandragupta II was the son of Samudragupta. He was also known as Vikramaditya.

 

4.) Who destroyed the Nalanda University?

Ans: Nalanda University was destroyed by Mamluks (Turkish Muslims) under Bhaktiyar khalji.

 

5.) What were the metals used by Guptas?

Ans: The metals used by Guptas were: iron, gold, copper, tin, lead, brass, bronze, bell- metal, mica, manganese and red chalk.

 

6.) The Gupta coins were known as what?

Ans: The Gupta coins coins were known as Dinera.

 

7.) Who introduced the monetary system?

Ans: Samudragupta introduced the Gupta monetary system.

 

8.) Who was the first Indian to explain the process of surgery?

Ans: Susruta was the first Indian to explain the process of surgery.

 

9.) Who was the most popular king of vardhana dynasty?

Ans: Harshavardhan was the most popular king of vardhana dynasty.

 

10.) ” Si-yu-ki” was written by whom?

Ans: Si-yu-ki was written by Hieun Tsang.

 

11.) Who was known as the ‘prince of pilgrims ‘?

Ans: Hiuen Tsang was known as the ‘prince of pilgrims ‘.

 

12.) What were the popular works of Harsha?

Ans: Ratnavali, Nagananda and Priyadharshika were the popular works of Harsha.

 

Answer the following questions: (marks: 2 / 3)

1.) What do you mean by the word Prashasti?

Ans: Prashasti is a Sanskrit word, meaning commendation or ‘in praise of’. Court poets flattered their kings listing out their achievements. These accounts were later engraved on pillars so that the people could read them.

 

2.) What is the main source of information for Samudragupta’s reign?

Ans: The Prayog Prashasti, composed by Samudragupta’s court poet Harisena was engraved on Allahabad Pillar. This Allahabad Pillar inscription is the main source of information for Samudragupta’s reign.

 

3.) What do you know about ‘Navaratna’?

Ans: Vikramaditya or Chandragupta II have assembled the greatest writers and artists in his court, who were known as Navaratna or Nine jewels. Navaratnas in the court of Vikramaditya were:

  • Kalidasa: Sanskrit poet
  • Harisena: Sanskrit poet
  • Amarasimha : Lexicographer
  • Dhanvantri : Physician
  • Kahapanaka: Astrologer
  • Sanku: Architect
  • Varahamihira: Astronomer
  • Varauchi: Grammarian and Sanskrit scholar and
  • Vittalbhatta: Magician

 

4.) What were the surnames of Chandragupta II?

Ans: The surnames of Chandragupta II were : Vikramaditya, Narendrachandra, Simhachandra, Narendrasimha, Vikrama Devaraja, Devagupta and Devasri.

 

5.) Who was Fa hien?

Ans: During the reign of Chandragupta II, the Buddhist monk Fahien visited India. His travel accounts provided us information about the socio-economic, religious and moral conditions of the people of the Gupta age. According to Fahien, the people of Magadha were happy and prosperous, that justice was mildly administered and there was no death penalty.

 

6.) Who were Huns?

Ans: Huns were the nomadic tribes, who, under their great Attila, were terrorising Rome and Constantinople. Associated with these tribesthe White Huns who came to India through Central Asia. They undertook regular invasions and were giving trouble to all Indian frontier states. After defeating Skandagupta, they spread across Central India. Their chief, Toromana, crowned himself as king. After him, his son Mihirakula ruled the captured territories. Finally, Yasodharman, ruler of Malwa in Central India, defeated them and ended their rule.

 

7.) ” Surya Siddhanta” was written by whom? What is this book about?

Ans: “Surya Siddhanta” was written by Aryabhatta.

In his book Surya Siddhanta, he explained the true causes of solar and lunar eclipses. He was the first Indian astronomer to declare that the earth revolves around its own axis.

 

8.) What were the famous works of Kalidasa?

Ans: Kalidasa’s famous works (dramas) were Sakunthala, Malavikagnimitra and Vikramaoorvashiyam. Other significant works of Kalidasa were Meghaduta, Raghuvamsa, Kumarasambava and Ritusamhara.

 

9.) Who was Hiuen Tsang?

Ans: Hiuen Tsang, the ‘prince of pilgrims’, visited India during Harsha’s reign. His Si-Yu-Ki provides detailed information about the social, economic, religious and cultural conditions of India during Harsha’s time. Hiuen Tsang tells us how Harsha, though a Buddhist, went to participate in the great kumbhamelaheld at Prayag.

 

Answer the following questions: (marks:5)

1.) Briefly discuss about the Gupta’s ~Administration system,

~ society and economy

~ art and architecture and

~ Science and literature Or, Discuss about Gupta’s polity.

Ans: From the various archaelogical sources and literary sources we gain various information about the Gupta dynasty and their polity: The gupta polity described below?

 

  • Kingship:

The divine theory of kingship was practised by the Gupta rulers. The Gupta kings wielded enormous power in political, administrative, military and judicial spheres. The Gupta king was assisted by a council of mantris. The council consisted of princes, high officials and feudatories. High-ranking officials were called dandanayakas and mahadandanayakas. The Gupta Empire was divided into provinces known as deshas or bhuktis. The province was divided into districts such as vishyas and they were controlled by the officers known as vishyapatis. At the village level, there were functionaries such as gramika and gramadhyaksha. The extensive empire shows the important role of military organisation. Seals and inscriptions mentioned military designations as baladhikrita and mahabaladhikrita (commander of infantry and cavalry respectively). The system of espionage included spies known as dutakas.

 

  • Society and Economy:

Land and Peasants:

Nitisara, authored by Kamandaka, emphasises the importance of the royal treasury and mentions various sources of revenue. The military campaigns of kings like Samudragupta were financed through revenue surpluses. Land tax was the main revenue to the government. The condition of peasants was pathetic. They were required to pay various taxes. They were reduced to the position of serfs.

 

Trade and Commerce:

The contribution of the traders for the development of Gupta’s economy was very impressive. There were two types of traders, namely Sresti and Sarthavaha.Trade items ranged from daily products to valuable and luxury goods. The important trade goods were pepper, gold, copper, iron, horses and elephants. Lending money at a high rate of interest was in practice during Gupta period.

The Guptas developed roadways connecting different parts of the country. Pataliputra, Ujjain, Benaras, Mathura were the famous trade centres. Ports in western and eastern coasts of India facilitated trade.

 

Metallurgy:

Mining and metallurgy were the most flourishing industries during the Gupta period. The most important evidence of development in metallurgy was the Mehrauli Iron Pillar installed by King Chandragupta in Delhi. This monolithic iron pillar has lasted through the centuries without rusting.

 

Society:

The society that adhered to four varna system was patriarchal. Womens were under the protection of their father, husband or eldest son. Polygamy was widely prevalent. The kings and feudatory lords often had more than one wife. Sati was practised during the Gupta rule.

 

Slavery:

Slavery was not institutionalised in India, as in the West. But there are references to the existence of various categories of slaves during the Gupta age.

 

Religion:

There was revival of Vedic religion and Vedic rites. Samudragupta and Kumaragupta I performed Asvamedha Yagna (a horse sacrifice ritual). We notice the beginning of image worship and the emergence of two sects, namely Vaishnavism and Saivism, during the Gupta period. Buddhism also continued to flourish though it split into two sects, namely Hinayana and Mahayana.

 

  • Art and Architecture:

The Guptas were the first to construct temples, which evolved from the earlier tradition of rock-cut shrines. Adorned with towers and elaborate carvings, these temples were dedicated to all Hindu deities. most notable rock-cut caves are found at Ajanta and Ellora (Maharashtra), Bagh (Madhya Pradesh) and Udaygiri (Odisha). The structural temples built during this period resemble the characteristic features of the Dravidian style.

Two remarkable examples of Gupta metal sculpture are (i) a copper image of Buddha about 18 feet high at Nalanda and (ii) Sultanganj Buddha seven-and-a half feet in height. The most important examples of the Gupta paintings are found on the Fresco of the Ajanta caves and the Bagh cave in Gwalior.

 

  • Literature:

Though the language spoken by the people was Prakrit, the Guptas made Sanskrit the official language and all their epigraphic records are in Sanskrit. The Gupta period also saw the development of Sanskrit grammar based on the grammar of Panini and Patanjali who wrote Ashtadhyayi and Mahabhashya respectively.Kalidasa’s famous dramas were Sakunthala, Malavikagnimitra and Vikramaoorvashiyam. Other significant works of Kalidasa were Meghaduta, Raghuvamsa, Kumarasambava and Ritusamhara.

 

  • Mathematics, Astronomy and Medicine:

✓ Invention of zero and the consequent evolution of the decimal system were the legacy of Guptas to the modern world.Aryabhatta, Varahamihira and Brahmagupta were foremost astronomers and mathematicians of the time. Aryabhatta, in his book Surya Siddhanta, explained the true causes of solar and lunar eclipses. He was the first Indian astronomer to declare that the earth revolves around its own axis.

✓ Dhanvantri was a famous scholar in the field of medicine. He was a specialist in Ayurveda. Charaka was a medical scientist. Susruta was the first Indian to explain the process of surgery.

 

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Updated: September 24, 2022 — 1:13 pm

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