Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Term 3 Geography Solutions Chapter 3 Pdf
Tamilnadu Board Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Term 3 Geography Solutions Chapter 3: Tamilnadu State Board Solution Class 6 Social Science Term 3 Geography Chapter 3 – Understanding disaster.
Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Geography Solutions Chapter 3: Overview
Board |
Samacheer Kalvi |
Class |
6 |
Subject |
Social Science Geography |
Term |
3 |
Chapter Name |
Understanding disaster |
Multiple choice questions: (marks: 1)
1.) The sudden vibration of the Earth’s surface is known as:
A.) Earthquake
B.) Tsunami
C.) Landslide
Ans: earthquake.
2.) An overflow of a large amount of water is called:
A.) Tsunami
B.) Flood
C.) Cyclone
Ans: flood.
3.) The movement of a mass of rocks, debris, soil etc. Down slope is called:
A.) Earthquake
B.) Tsunami
C.) Landslide
Ans: landslide.
4.) The flood which occurs within 6 hours of heavy rainfall is called:
A.) Flash flood
B.) Coastal flood
C.) River flood
Ans: Flash flood.
5.) The floods which are associated with cyclones,high tides and Tsunamis are called:
A.) Flash flood
B.) Coastal flood
C.) River flood
Ans: coastal flood.
6.) River floods are caused by:
A.) Precipitation over large catchment areas
B.) By melting of snow
C.) Both
D.) All of the above
Ans: All of the above.
Answer the following questions: (marks: 1)
1.) Which is the one of the most disaster prone country in the world?
Ans: India is one of the most disaster prone country in the world.
2.) What is called a disaster?
Ans: A disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a society involving human and material loss.
3.) What are the main two types of Disaster?
Ans: There are mainly two types of disaster: natural and manmade disasters.
4.) What are volcanos?
Ans: Volcanoes are openings or vents where lava, small rocks and steam erupt onto the earth’s surface.
5.) What do you mean by Tsunamis?
Ans: Tsunamis are waves generated by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and underwater landslides.
6.) What are cyclones?
Ans: A low pressure area which is encircled by the high-pressure wind is called a cyclone.
7.) What do you mean by Avalanche?
Ans: A large amount of ice, snow and rock falling quickly down the side of a mountain is called an Avalanche.
8.) What is thunder?
Ans: A series of sudden electrical discharges resulting from atmospheric conditions is called thunder.
9.) What is lighting?
Ans: The sudden electrical discharge resulting from atmospheric conditions turns into sudden flashes of light and trembling sound waves which are known as lighting.
10.) What is known as Stampede?
Ans: The term stampede is a sudden rush of a crowd of people, usually resulting in injuries and death from suffocation and trampling.
11.) What is Mitigation?
Ans: Mitigation means the lessening of the adverse impacts of hazards and related disasters.
12.) What do you mean by Forecast?
Ans: Forecast is definite statement or statistical estimate of the likely occurrence of a future event or conditions for a specific area.
13.) What is called Magnitude?
Ans: Magnitude means a measure of the amount of energy released by an earthquake.
Answer the following questions: (marks: 2/ 3)
1.) What is a Tsunami? What are the do’s and don’ts that should be followed before and during the Tsunami?
Ans: Tsunamis are waves generated by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and underwater landslides.
✓ Do’s:
- You should find out if your home, school etc., are in vulnerable areas along the seashore.
- Know the height of your street above sea level.
- Plan evacuation routes and practise your evacuation routes.
- Discuss tsunamis with your family. Review safety and preparedness measures with your family.
- If you see the sea water receding, you must immediately leave the beach and go to higher ground far away from the beach.
- Be aware of facts about tsunamis.
✓ Don’ts:
- Don’t go to the coast to watch the Tsunami.
- Don’t try to surf the tsunami waves.
2.) What is flood? Write down the types of it?
Ans: An overflow of a large amount of water, beyond its normal limits, especially on the rainfed areas is called a flood.
Types of flood:
- Flash floods: Such floods that occur within six hours during heavy rainfall.
- River floods: Such floods are caused by Precipitation over large catchment areas or by melting of snow or sometimes both.
- Coastal floods: Sometimes floods are associated with cyclones, high tides and tsunamis.
3.) What do you mean by DRR?
Ans: Disaster Risk Reduction or DRR is the practice of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to analyze and manage the causal factors of disasters. There are four key approaches to public awareness for disaster risk reduction. Campaigns, participatory learning, informal education, and formal school based interventions.
Answer the following questions: (marks: 5)
1.) Discuss briefly about the types of disaster?
Ans: A disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a society involving human and material loss. Disaster is broadly classified into natural and manmade disasters.
- Natural Disasters:
✓ Earthquake:
The sudden shaking of the earth at a place for a short spell of time is called an earthquake. The duration of the earthquake may be a few seconds to some minutes. The point where an earthquake originates called its ‘focus’. The vertical point at the surface from the focus is called ‘epicentre’.
✓ Volcanoes:
Volcanoes are openings or vents where lava, small rocks and steam erupt onto the earth’s surface.
✓ Tsunami:
Tsunami are waves generated by earthquake, volcanic eruptions and underwater landslides.
✓ Cyclones:
A low pressure area which is encircled by the high-pressure wind is called a cyclone.
✓ Floods:
An overflow of a large amount of water, beyond its normal limits, especially on the rainfed areas is called a flood.
✓ Landslide:
The movement of a mass of rocks, debris, soil etc.Downslope is called a landslide.
✓ Avalanche:
A large amount of ice, snow and rock falling quickly down the side of a mountain is called an Avalanche.
✓ Thunder and lightning:
Thunder is a series of sudden electrical discharges resulting from atmospheric conditions. This discharge results in sudden flashes of light and trembling sound waves which are commonly known as thunder and lightning.
- Man-made disasters:
✓ Fire:
Massive forest fires may start in hot and dry weather as a result of lightning, and human carelessness or from other causal factors.
✓ Destruction of buildings:
Demolition of buildings by human activities.
✓ Accidents in industries:
Chemical, biological accidents that occur due to human error. For example, the Bhopal gas tragedy.
✓ Accidents in Transport:
Violation of road rules, carelessness cause accidents.
✓ Terrorism:
The social unrest or differences in principles leads to terrorism.
✓ Stampede:
The word stampede is a sudden rush of a crowd of people, usually resulting in injuries and death from suffocation and trampling.
2.) What is flood? Write down the causes of it? What are the effects of flood? (1+2+2)
Ans: An overflow of a large amount of water, beyond its normal limits, especially on the rainfed areas is called a flood.
✓ Causes of flood:
The main causes of flood are as follows:
- Heavy Rainfall.
- Encroachment of rivers bank.
- Excessive rainfall in catchment. Catchment means the action of collecting water, especially the collection of rainfall over a natural drainage area.
- Inefficient engineering design in the construction of embankments, dams and canals.
✓ Effects :
The effects of flood are:
- Destruction of drainage system
- Water pollution
- Soil erosion
- Stagnation of water
- Loss of agricultural land and cattle
- Loss of life and spread of contagious diseases. Contagious diseases are transmissible diseases by direct or indirect contact.
- Loss of property and materials.
3.) What do you mean by flood? What are the do’s and don’ts that should be followed during a flood? (1+4)
Ans: Flood means an overflow of a large amount of water, beyond its normal limits, especially on the rainfed areas.
✓ Do’s :
~ Before the flood:
- To find out if the settlement area is to be affected by flood or not.
- Keeping radio, torch and additional batteries, storing drinking water, dry foods items, salt and sugar. Safeguarding materials like kerosene, candle, match box, clothes and valuable things.
- Keeping umbrella and bamboo poles.
- Keeping a first aid box and strong ropes to bind things.
- To dig canals from the farm land, to drain the excessive water, keeping sand bags etc.
~ During floods:
- Cut off gas connection and electricity. Keep sand bags on drainage holes and bathroom holes.
- Leave immediately through the known passage or prescribed passage
- Drink hot water.
- Use bleaching powder to keep your environment hygienic.
- Before using match sticks and candles, ensure that there is no gas leakage.
✓ Don’ts:
- Try to connect electricity once it is cut.
- Operate vehicles
- Swim against floods
- Avoid going on excursions.
- Neglect flood warning messages
- Don’t eat more food when you are affected by diarrhoea.
- Don’t try to take anything that floats in flood.
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