Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Term 2 History Solutions Chapter 2 Pdf
Tamilnadu Board Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Term 2 History Solutions Chapter 2: Tamilnadu State Board Solution Class 6 Social Science Term 2 History Chapter 2 – Great thinkers and new faiths.
Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 2: Overview
Board |
Samacheer Kalvi |
Class |
6 |
Subject |
Social Science History |
Term |
2 |
Chapter Name |
Great thinkers and new faiths |
Multiple choice questions:
1.) The first tirthankara was:
A.) Rishabha
B.) Mahavira
C.) Gautama
Ans: rishabha.
2.) Who was the last tirthankara:
A.) Rishabha
B.) Mahavira
C.) Gautama
Ans: Mahavira.
3.) Jain texts are known as:
A.) Angas
B.) Tripitakas
C.) Kevala
Ans: angas.
4.) Buddhist texts are known as:
A.) Kevala
B.) Angas
C.) Tripitaka and jatakas
Ans: tripitaka and jakatas.
5.) The first Buddhist council held in:
A.) Kashmir
B.) Rajagriha
C.) Vaishali
Ans: rajagriha.
6.) The last Buddhist council held in:
A.) Rajagriha
B.) Pataliputra
C.) Kashmir
Ans: Kashmir.
7.) There are tirthankaras of jainism.
A.) 22
B.) 24
C.) 26
Ans: 24.
Answer the following questions: (marks: 1)
(1) Which is the world’s oldest living religion?
Ans: Jainism is the world’s oldest living religion.
(2) Who was a tirthankara?
Ans: A tirthankara is the one who revealed religious truth at different times.
(3) Who was considered as the real founder of Jainism?
Ans: Mahavira was considered as the real founder of Jainism.
(4) What is the basic philosophy of Jainism?
Ans: Ahimsa or non violence is the basic philosophy of Jainism.
(5) What is called Moksha?
Ans: Moksha liberation from the cycle of birth and death.
(6) The followers of jainism are called what?
Ans: The followers of jainism are called Jains.
(7) In ancient Tamil literature, Jainism is referred to as………….
Ans: samanam.
(8) Who was the founder of Buddhism?
Ans: Gautama Buddha was the founder of Buddhism.
(9) What was the real name of Gautama Buddha?
Ans: Siddhartha was the real name of Gautama Buddha.
(10) What was the ultimate aim of Jainism?
Ans: The Ultimate aim of Jainism is attaining moksha or ending the cycle of birth- death- rebirth.
(11) What is Agama siddhanta?
Ans: Gautama Swami, a chief disciple of Mahavira, compiled the teachings of Mahavira, called Agama siddhanta.
(12) What is Chaitya?
Ans: Chaitya is a Buddhist shrine or a meditation hall.
(13) What is known as Viharas?
Ans: Viharas are Monasteries or living quarters for monks.
(14) What do you know about Stupas ?
Ans: Stupas was built over the remains of Buddha’s body, they are monuments of great artistic value.
Answer the following questions: (marks:2 / 3)
(1) What is called a “shower of stars”?
Ans: The Sixth Century BC (BCE) is regarded as an important period in the history of ancient India. As a landmark period in the intellectual and spiritual development in India, historian Will Durant has rightly called the sixth century BC the “shower of stars”.
(2) What are ” Tri- rathnas” / ” Three jewels”?
Ans: Mahavira exhorted the three fold path for the attainment of moksha and for the liberation from Karma.They are:
✓Right Faith
✓Right Knowledge and
✓Right action.
(3) What do you mean by karma?
Ans: Karma is the belief that a person’s actions in this life determine the quality of his or her later part of the current life and the next incarnation.
(4) What were the five major principles of Jainism?
Ans: Mahavira asked his followers to live a virtuous life. In order to live a life filled with sound morals, he preached five major principles to follow. They are:
- Ahimsa – not to injure any living beings.
- Satya – to speak truth.
- Asteya – not to steal.
- Aparigraha – not to own property and
- Brahmacharya – Celibacy.
(5) Who were known as Digambaras and Swetambaras?
Ans: Jainism split into two sects known as:
- Digambaras: Digambaras are orthodox and conservative followers. Monks of the digambara sect do not wear any clothing and live naked. They are forbidden to have any kind of possessions. Digambaras believe that women cannot achieve nirvana or liberation directly.
- Svetambaras: The Svetambaras are considered progressive.Monks of Svetambaras sect, wear white robes. They are permitted to have Rajoharan (broom with woollen threads), begging bowl and book. Svetambaras believe that women are equally capable of achieving liberation as men.
(6) What are the reasons for the spread of Jainism?
Ans: The main reasons for the wide acceptance of Jainism in India are:
✓ Use of people’s language.
✓ Intelligible teachings.
✓ Support from rulers and traders and
✓ Perseverance of Jain monks.
(7) From when Gautama was known as Buddha?
Ans: Gautama realised that human life was full of misery and unhappiness. So at the age of 29 he left his palace and became a hermit. He sacrificed six years of his life towards penance. Nevertheless, deciding that self mortification was not a path to relief. Buddha sat under a Pipal tree and undertook a deep meditation near Gaya.On the 49th day he finally attained enlightenment. From that moment onwards, he was called Buddha or the Enlightened One. He was also known as Sakya Muni or Sage of Sakya clan.
(8) What are Buddha’s four noble truths?
Ans: Buddha’s four noble truths are:
✓ Life is full of sorrow and misery.
✓ Desire is the cause of misery.
✓ Sorrows and sufferings can be removed by giving up one’s desire.
✓ The desire can be overcome by following the right path.
(9) Write down the eightfold paths of Buddha?
Ans: Buddha demotes the eightfold paths to lead a good life. The eightfold paths are:
- Right view
- Right Thought
- Right Speech
- Right Action
- Right Livelihood
- Right Effort
- Right Knowledge
- Right Meditation
(10) What is Sangha?
Ans: Buddha laid foundation for a missionary organization called Sangha, meaning ‘association’ for the propagation of his faith. The members were called bhikkhus (monks). They led a life of austerity.
(11) Write down the causes for the spread of Buddhism?
Ans: Causes for the spread of Buddhism were:
✓ Simplicity of the teachings of Buddha in the local language appealed to people.
✓ Buddhism rejected elaborate religious customs whereas the practice of orthodox Vedic religion insisted on expensive rituals and sacrifices.
✓ Buddha’s emphasis was on observance of Dhamma.
✓ Buddhist Sanghas played an important role in spreading the messages of Buddha.
✓ Royal patronage under Ashoka, Kanishka and Harsha also helped the causes of Buddhism.
✓ Viharas or the Buddhist monasteries became great centres of education. One such centre was Nalanda, where Hiuen Tsang, the Chinese pilgrim, studied for many years.
Answer the following question: (marks: 5)
(1) Write down the similarities and dissimilarities between Jainism and Buddhism?
Ans: There are some similarities and dissimilarities found between Jainism and Buddhism. They are as follows:
∆∆ Similarities:
✓ Both Mahavira and Buddha hailed from royal families. Yet they renounced royal privileges and chose to adopt an ascetic life.
✓ Denied the authority of Vedas.
✓ Taught in the language of the common people.
✓ Admitted disciples from all the castes and from both the genders
✓ Opposed blood sacrifices.
✓ Believed in the doctrine of Karma.
✓ Emphasized on right conduct and right knowledge instead of performing religious ceremonials and rituals as the means to achieve salvation.
∆∆ Dissimilarities:
Jainism: |
Buddhism: |
● The founder of Jainism was Rishabha but Mahavira was considered as the real founder of Jainism. | ● The founder of Buddhism was Gautama Buddha. |
● It followed an extreme path. | ● It followed a middle path. |
● It remained in India only. | ● It spread across many parts of the world. |
● It does not believe in the existence of god, but believes life in every living being. | ● It emphasises on ANATMA (no eternal soul) and ANITYA (impernance). |
● Jain texts were known as Angas. | ● Buddhist texts were known as tripitaka and jatakas. |
● Followers known as jains. | ● Followers known as Buddhist. |
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