RS Aggarwal Class 8 Math Fifteenth Chapter Quadrilaterals Exercise 15 Solution
EXERCISE 15
(1) Fill in the blanks:
(i) A quadrilateral has four sides.
(ii) A quadrilateral has four angles.
(iii) A quadrilateral has four vertices, no three of which are collinear.
(iv) A quadrilateral has two diagonals.
(v) A diagonal of a quadrilateral is a line segment that joins two opposite vertices of the quadrilateral.
(vi) The sum of the angles of a quadrilateral is 360o.
(2) In the adjoining figure, ABCD is a quadrilateral.
(i) How many pairs of adjacent sides are there? Name them.
Ans: Four; (AB, BC), (BC, CD), (CD, DA), (DA, AB)
(ii) How many pairs of opposite sides are there? Name them.
Ans: Two; (AB, DC), (AD, BC)
(iii) How many pairs of adjacent angles are there? Name them.
Ans: Four, (∠A, ∠B), (∠B, ∠C), (∠C, ∠D), (∠D, ∠A)
(iv) How many pairs of opposite angles are there? Name them.
Ans: Two; (∠A, ∠C), (∠B, ∠D)
(v) How many diagonals are there? Name them.
Ans: Two; (AC, BD)
(3) Prove that the sum of a quadrilateral is 360o.
Solution: Let ABCD be a quadrilateral. Join AC.
Clearly, ∠1 + ∠2 = ∠A ……….(i)
And, ∠3 + ∠4 = ∠C ………..(ii)
We know that the sum of the angles of a triangle is 180o.
∴ From ∆ ABC, we have
∠1 + ∠3 + ∠B = 180o
From ∆ACD, we have
∠1 + ∠3 + ∠D = 180o
Adding the angles on either side, we get:
∠2 + ∠4 + ∠B + ∠1 + ∠3 + ∠D = 360o
⇒ (∠1 + ∠2) + ∠B + (∠3 + ∠4) + ∠D = 360o
⇒ ∠A + ∠B + ∠C + ∠D = 360o (proved)
(4) The three of a quadrilateral are 76o, 54o and 108o. Find the measure of the fourth angle.
Solution: Let the measure of the fourth angle be xo.
∴ 76 + 54 + 108 + x = 360
⇒ x + 238 = 360
⇒ x = 360 – 238
⇒ x = 122
Hence, the measure of the fourth angle is 122o.
(5) The angles of a quadrilateral in the ratio 3 : 5 : 7 : 9. Find the measure of each of these angles.
Solution: Let the angles of the quadrilateral are 3x, 5x, 7x and 9x.
∴ 3x + 5x + 7x + 9x = 360
⇒ 24x = 360
⇒ x = 15
Therefore, measure of each angles are
3 × 15 = 45o
5 × 15 = 75o
7 × 15 = 105o
9 × 15 = 135o.
(6) A quadrilateral has three acute angles, each measuring 75o. Find the measure of the fourth angle.
Solution: Let the measure of the fourth angle be xo.
∴ x + (75 × 3) = 360
⇒ x + 225 = 360
⇒ x = 360 – 225
⇒ x = 135
Therefore, measure of the fourth angle is 135o.
(7) Three angles of a quadrilateral are equal and the measure of the fourth angle is 120o. Find the measure of each of equal angles.
Solution: Let the measure of each equal angle be xo.
∴ x + x + x + 120 = 360
⇒ 3x = 360 – 120
⇒ 3x = 240
⇒ x = 80
Therefore, the measure of each of the equal angle is 80o.
(8) Two angles of a quadrilateral measure 85o and 75o respectively. The other two angles are equal. Find the measure of each of these equal angles.
Solution: Let the measure of each equal angle be xo.
∴ x + x + 85 + 75 = 360
⇒ 2x + 160 = 360
⇒ 2x = 360 – 160
⇒ 2x = 200
⇒ x = 100
Therefore, the measure of each equal angle is 100o.
(9) In the adjacent figure, the bisectors of ∠A and ∠B meet in a point P. If ∠C = 100o and ∠D = 60o, find the measure of ∠APB.
Solution: Here,
But, ∠BAP + ∠ABP + ∠APB = 180o
⇒ 100o + ∠APB = 180o
⇒ ∠APB = 180o – 100o = 80o