Essay on Responsibility of the state towards the disabled for Class 12, Mains Exam (UPSC, PSC, SSC)
Responsibility of the state towards the disabled Essay : Disability is an umbrella term that refers to a range of physical conditions such as visual and hearing impairments, and mental conditions such as dyslexia and anxiety disorders. Disabled people are defined in various ways in different countries. In India, The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016 defines disability as a “ Person with long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairment.” India like any other civilized progressive countries have taken long strides to acknowledge the rights of disabled people and has taken responsibility for the disabled.
Discussion
The Indian Constitution acknowledges that disabled persons have the right to take responsibility for their welfare by encoding the different forms of disability, their specific needs and their respective rights in The Rights of Disabilities Act, of 2016.
The Census for Disability in India conducted in 2011 states that 2.68 crore persons (2.21%) among a population of 121 crores are disabled. An overwhelming majority of them (69%) of the disabled population are raised in rural areas.
The constitutional Framework for the disabled in India are:
i)Directive Principle of State Policy (DPSP) states that the government shall make provisions such as securing the Right to Work, the Right to education and to public assistance in situations of unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement within the limits of its economic capacity.
ii) The Seventh Schedule of the Constitution enlists the subject of ‘ Relief of the Disabled and unemployable in the state list.
iii) The Right of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016
a) The Act states that Persons with disabilities have the Rights of Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and the Right to Participate in social activities.
b) The act defines “Persons with Benchmark disability” as a person without less than 40% of a specified disability where the specified disability has not been defined in measurable terms and includes him or her with the people with specific disabilities has been defined in measurable terms as certified by the authorities.
c) Principles stated in the constitution are implemented to empower persons with disabilities (PWD) with respect for the inherent human dignity, and individual autonomy including the freedom to make one’s own choices, and independence of persons. The principal marks a paradigmatic shift in social perception of disabilities.
d)The act acknowledges and identifies an increase from 7 to 21 disabilities in total. In addition to the physical disabilities, the act enlists mental disorders, autism, spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, chronic neurological conditions, speech and language disability, thalassemia, haemophilia and sickle cell disease.
Conclusion
To surmise, the state plays an essential role in carrying out the responsibilities of ensuring that the rights and inherent human dignity of disabled individuals are not violated.
The state has taken steps to ensure that disabled individuals can get proper medical facilities, quality and inclusive education, employment to sustain their and family’s needs, engagement in social activities, and protection against exploitation and discrimination.
FAQs on Responsibility of the state towards the disabled
Q1. What is the legal definition of disability?
Ans: The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016 defines disability as a “ Person with long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairment ” as the legal definition of disability.
Q2. Which part of the constitution ensures the right of disabled persons?
Ans: The Seventh Schedule of the Constitution enlists the subject of ‘ Relief of the Disabled and unemployable in the state list.
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