Platinum:
Define: Platinum is transition metal . It is dense in nature . It is place in between palladium and Darmstadtium .It show malleable ,ductile properties. It is highly reactive metal and precious. It is non toxic in nature. It is found in earth crust but at moon and meteorites contain more percentage of platinum . It is very expensive metal
Discovery : platinum is discovered in 1735 in South America and found in Europe around in 1750
Origin of name : the name platinum Is derived from Spanish word ‘ platina ‘
Meaning of this word is little silver
Physical properties :
Atomic symbol: Atomic symbol of platinum is Pt
Atomic number : Atomic number of platinum is 78
In platinum 78 proton and 78 Electron is present
Atomic weight/ mass: Atomic weight of platinum is 195.08 Amu
In platinum 78 proton and 117 neutron is present
Position : it is place in periodic table at 6th row ( period ) and 10th column ( group )
Block : it is place in d block
Colour : platinum show silvery grey colour
Nature : Platinum present in solid form in nature
Boiling point : Boiling point of platinum is 3825 0C
Melting point :melting point of platinum is 1768 0C
Isotopes: platinum show 6 stable isotopes
190Pt: atomic weight of this isotope is 189.9 Amu
In this isotope 78 proton,78 Electron and 112 neutron is present
It is present 0.01% in nature
192Pt: atomic weight of this isotope is 191.9 Amu
In this isotope 78 proton, 78 Electron and 114 neutron is present
It is present 0.7 % in nature
194Pt: atomic weight of this isotope is 193.9 Amu
In this isotope 78 proton, 78 Electron and 116 neutron is present
It is present 32.8 % in nature
195Pt: atomic weight of this isotope is 194.9 Amu
In this isotope 78 proton, 78 Electron and 117 neutron is present
It is present 33.7 % in nature
196Pt: atomic weight of this isotope is 195.9 Amu
In this isotope 78 proton, 78 Electron and 118 neutron is present
It is present 25.2% in nature
198Pt: atomic weight of this isotope is 197.9 Amu
In this isotope 78 proton, 78 Electron and 120 neutron is present
It is present 7.35 % in nature
Chemical properties :
Electronic configuration
Electronic configuration of platinum is [ Xe ] 4f14 5d9 6S1
Electronic configuration in concert of shell is 2,8,18,32,17,1
Electronic structure
Valency : Valency of platinum is 2,3 or 4
Atomic radius : Atomic radius of platinum is 177 Pm
Reactivity : platinum is highly reactive element
Uses:
- Platinum is important in chemotherapy it is use to treat cancer
- It is use to produce strong permanent magnet
- Platinum is use to make laboratory vessel
- It is also use to coat middle nose cones, jet engine ,fuel Nozzle and other device
- Platinum use in dental treatment
- Platinum is use for making spark plug and pacemaker.
- It is use to make computer hard disc and thermocouple and use in Electrical company
- It is use as a catalyst
- It is mostly use to make optical fibber ,glazes , turbine blades and lenses
Question and Answer:
Q1. Define Platinum
Q2. Who discovered Platinum?
Q2. Physical properties of Platinum
Q4. Write Atomic Symbol of Platinum.
Q5. Write the Atomic number of Platinum.
Q6. On which block Platinum element is present?
Q7. What is the color of Platinum?
Q8. What is the Boiling point of Platinum?
Q9. What is the Melting point of Platinum?Platinum
Q10. Write the Isotopes of Platinum.
Q11. Show Electronic configuration of Platinum.
Q12. Write Electronic Structure of Platinum.
Q13. What is the Valency of Platinum?
Q14. Write the uses of Platinum element.
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