Petroleum

Petroleum

Petroleum can be defined as mixture of hydrocarbon or also called as mineral oil or crude oil which is obtained from underground earth, is usually use to make the chemicals, plastic, petrol and other complex compounds. It is also called as black gold according to scientist.

Properties of petroleum:

  • Petroleum is basically a hydrocarbon that is made up of hydrogen and carbon but its composition may vary according to its element.
  • Petroleum is also called as rock oil, because the name itself derived from Latin word petra= rock and leum = oil.
  • There are 3 types of petroleum such as solid, liquid, and gases, the classification same as coal.
  • The petroleum can be saturated or unsaturated in their structure that means presence or absence of double bond.
  • The paraffins, naphthalene and aromatics are the examples of petroleum.
  • There are various physical properties of petroleum such as specific gravity, volume, density, color, odor, viscosity and boiling point are the physical properties of petroleum.
  • Petroleum is less dense or heavier than water and the petroleum is cannot be mixed with water.
  • It is volatile in nature that means can be responsible for fire.
  • Petroleum is also called as black gold because of its intensive properties.
  • There are various forms of petroleum such as kerosene, petrol, natural gas, fossil fuel etc.
  • It is also a non-renewable source.

Formation of petroleum:

1) Since very past times all the organic material decompose, degrade or decay and mixed with another components.

2) The layer of these organic matter increases in million of years. The time required to naturally decay all the organic matter and convert into useful compound is million of years.

3) As the time and years goes, the layers increased on that soil layer formed and below this soil layer, there is anaerobic condition forms and temperature increases which is suitable for formation of fossil fuel.

4) This anaerobic condition leads to formation of keratogen.

5) Again after passing many of the years this keratogen is transformed into fossil fuel.

6) Within underground region of earth or in deep earth there is formation of petroleum.

7) This petroleum can be extracted through the process of mining.

Uses of petroleum:

  • It is used in electricity generation.
  • Petroleum has major importance in transportation, responsible for running of vehicles.
  • It is used in dyes, detergents.
  • Petroleum is used to conduct motors in agriculture and has gain much importance in agricultural field.
  • It is used to make natural oi, refineries, naphthalene etc,
  • It acts as lubricant.
  • It is main source of energy in all over world now a days.

Question and answers:

1) Define petroleum.

Answer: Petroleum can be defined as mixture of hydrocarbon or also called as mineral oil or crude oil which is obtained from underground earth, is usually use to make the chemicals, plastic, petrol and other complex compounds. It is also called as black gold according to scientist.

2) What are the properties of petroleum?

Answer:

  • Petroleum is basically a hydrocarbon that is made up of hydrogen and carbon but its composition may vary according to its element.
  • Petroleum is also called as rock oil, because the name itself derived from Latin word petra= rock and leum = oil.
  • There are 3 types of petroleum such as solid, liquid, and gases, the classification same as coal.
  • The petroleum can be saturated or unsaturated in their structure that means presence or absence of double bond.
  • The paraffins, naphthalene and aromatics are the examples of petroleum.
  • There are various physical properties of petroleum such as specific gravity, volume, density, color, odor, viscosity and boiling point are the physical properties of petroleum.
  • Petroleum is less dense or heavier than water and the petroleum is cannot be mixed with water.
  • It is volatile in nature that means can be responsible for fire.
  • Petroleum is also called as black gold because of its intensive properties.
  • There are various forms of petroleum such as kerosene, petrol, natural gas, fossil fuel etc.
  • It is also a non-renewable source.

3) What is the process of formation of petroleum?

Answer:

1) Since very past times all the organic material decompose, degrade or decay and mixed with another components.

2) The layer of these organic matter increases in million of years. The time required to naturally decay all the organic matter and convert into useful compound is million of years.

3) As the time and years goes, the layers increased on that soil layer formed and below this soil layer, there is anaerobic condition forms and temperature increases which is suitable for formation of fossil fuel.

4) This anaerobic condition leads to formation of keratogen.

5) Again after passing many of the years this keratogen is transformed into fossil fuel.

6) Within underground region of earth or in deep earth there is formation of petroleum.

7) This petroleum can be extracted through the process of mining.

4) What are the uses of petroleum?

Answer:

  • It is used in electricity generation.
  • Petroleum has major importance in transportation, responsible for running of vehicles.
  • It is used in dyes, detergents.
  • Petroleum is used to conduct motors in agriculture and has gain much importance in agricultural field.
  • It is used to make natural oi, refineries, naphthalene etc,
  • It acts as lubricant.
  • It is main source of energy in all over world now a days.

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