NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 6 Solution – Religious And Social Awkening In Colonial India
NIOS Class 10 Social Science Solution Chapter 6 Religious And Social Awkening In Colonial India. NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 6 Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Class 10 Science Notes.
NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 6 Solution
Board |
NIOS |
Class |
10th (Secondary) |
Subject |
Social Science |
Topic |
Question Answer, Solution, Notes |
INTEXT QUESTIONS 6.1
1. List any two social practices against which the reform movement began.
2. Why the caste system was considered irrational and unscientific?
3. What was the basis of the reformers’ criticism of rigidity in religion?
4. Read the excerpt below and answer the given question:
(i) In addition to education, which other attributes (qualities) enabled Dr. Ambedkar to withstand the discrimination and contribute to the society ?
INTEXT QUESTIONS 6.2
1.) Fill in the blanks with correct answer:
(i) He ………………. did not represent the synthesis of the thought of East
and West
(ii) He did not emphasize the infallibility of the Vedas
(iii) The movement started to free the sacred places from the control and
domination of corrupt Mahants
2.) Match the following:
3.) Write any two limitations of the reform movements.
4.) Read the excerpt below and answer the given questions:
(a) What could have happened if Ramvati had got married as a child?
(b) If Ramvati was not allowed to work outside home, what could have happened to her and her family ?
TERMINAL EXERCISES
1. Explain the social practices that existed in 19th century India.
2. Why do you think reforms were needed to awaken our society?
3. Why do you think that the social reform movement had no meaning without
religious reforms?
4. Do you think the reformers were able to bring change in the Indian society?
5. How did the socio-religious reform movements lead to the National Movement?
6. Explain the role of following reformers in challenging caste system and advocating
widow remarriage:
(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(b) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
(c) Jyotiba Phule
7. Identify the common features amongst the following reformers:
(a) Theosophical Society and Ramakrishna Mission
(b) Akali Movement and Arya Samaj
8. Explain the hindrances in the growth of women’s education in the 19th Century
India.
9. Who introduced English education among the Muslims? Explain his/her contribution
in this area.
10. Study the map carefully and answer the questions that follow:
(a) Name the places where Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Prarthana Samaj and
M.A.O. College became popular.
(b) Name the social reformers who were active in Western India and also mark
the places where they were active.
Answers-
Chapter 6:
IN text questions 6.1
1) Sati and Child Marriage.
2) The caste system was considered irrational and unscientific because it was against the basic tenets of humanity.
3) The basis of the reformers criticism of rigidity in religion are Courage, determination, motivation and a vision to achieve goals.
4) They found that the scriptures do not sanction rigidity and superstitions.
IN text questions 6.2
1) (i) (c)
(ii) (d)
(iii) (a)
2) (i) (f)
(ii) (c)
(iii) (a)
(iv) (b)
(v) (g)
(vi) (d)
(vii) (i)
(viii) (e)
3) Two limitations of the reform movements were given below:-
(a) She would have been illiterate, would have been married at an early age, would have many children and possibly had been suffering due to ill health as a result of child-birth at a very early age. She would probably have been dependant on her parents or in-laws for her survival.
(b) She would be dependent on others resulting in low socio-economic status.
4)
(a) It affected a very small percentage of the population, mostly the educated class.
(b) It did not reach the masses
Terminal Exercises:-
1) The social practices that existed in 19th century India were sati pratha, child marriage, no widow remarriage, polygamy, caste system, etc.
2) Reforms were needed to awaken our society to reform the mentality of people by educating them, empowering women and equal rights for all.
3) The social reform movement had no meaning without religious reforms because in 1920, the Akali movement which rose in Punjab, started the cleansing of the management of the Gurudwaras or Sikh shrines. A powerful Satyagraha in 1921 against the Mahants forced the Government to pass a new Gurdwara Act in 1925.
4) Yes, the reformers were able to bring change in the Indian society.Due to the persistent efforts of the social reformers many such practices like Sati, untouchability was abolished by law. Widow-remarriage was introduced. Modern education was encouraged in the society.
5) The religious reform movements instilled in the minds of Indians greater self-respect, self-confidence and pride in their country. These reform movements helped many Indians to come to terms with the modern world. People became more conscious of their identity as Indian.In the 20th century and especially after 1919, the Indian National Movement became the main propagator of social reform. Indian languages were used to reach the masses.The movements promoted the feelings of self-confidence, self-respect, awareness and patriotism and thereby developed a feeling of national consciousness.
6)
a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy: – He founded Brahmo Samaj in 1828. He was the first person to take an initiative to challenge the practice of Sati.In his efforts he was supported by the then Governor General of India, Sir William Bentinck. A law was passed in 1829 making Sati illegal and punishable. He also made efforts to advocate widow re-marriage and condemned child marriage.
b) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar: – Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar dedicated his entire life to the cause of social reforms. The first Hindu Widow Remarriage Act was introduced in 1856 owing to his relentless efforts. He also protested against child-marriage and campaigned against polygamy.. His major contribution was in the field of education. He encouraged the study of Sanskrit and Bengali literature. He also introduced the study of Western thought in the Sanskrit college to inspire the Indians to shake off their age-old beliefs and modernize their ideas.
c) Jyotiba Phule: – Jyotirao Govindrao Phule from Maharashtra worked to attain equal rights for peasants and the lower caste.He first educated his wife, after which both of them opened a school for girls in Indiain August 1848. He took up the cause of women and started a girls’ school in Poona (Pune) in 1851. He is also remembered for his efforts towards promoting widow remarriage.He was popularly known as Jyotiba.
7)
a) Theosophical Society- This movement was led by Westerners who glorified Indian religious and philosophical traditions and encouraged vernacular languages and literary works to in still a sense of pride in Indian heritage and culture.The society also preached the universal brotherhood of man. It made immense contribution towards the development of Modern India.
Ramakrishna Mission- Vivekananda established the Ramakrishna mission after the name of his guru Ramakrishna Paramhansa. Through his speeches and writings, he brought out the essence of Hindu culture and religion. He believed in the spirit of Vedanta and the essential unity and equality of all religions. He laid stress on the removal of religious superstitions, obscurantism, and outdated social customs. He tried to remove caste rigidities, and untouchability. He motivated the people to respect women while he himself worked for women’s upliftment and education.
b) Akali Movement –The formation of the two Singh Sabhas at Amritsar and Lahore in the 1870’s was the beginning of religious reform movement among the Sikhs. The setting up of Khalsa College in Amritsar in 1892 helped promote Gurmukhi, Sikh learning and Punjabi literature.A powerful Satyagraha in 1921 against the Mahants forced the Government to pass a new Gurdwara Act in 1925. With the aid of this act and by direct action, they freed the sacred places from the control and domination of corrupt Mahants.
Arya Samaj – The Arya Samaj founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1875 undertook the task of reforming Hindu religion in North India.Arya Samaj advocated social reform and worked to improve the condition of women. It fought untouchability and the rigidities of the hereditary caste system and promoted social equality.Arya Samaj also had a major role to play in the national movement as it inculcated a spirit of self-respect and self-reliance among the people. The role of Arya Samaj was commendable in promoting education among the masses.
8) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar believed that condition of women could be improved only through their education. He helped in opening approximately 35 girls’ school in Bengal. He was a champion of women’s education.Vivekananda motivated the people to respect women while he himself worked for women’s upliftment and education. Jyotiba phule first educated his wife, after which both of them opened a school for girls in India.Pandita Ramabaipromoted girlseducation and started the Arya Mahila Samaj in1881, in Pune, to improve the condition of women, especially child widows.
9) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan.Sir Syed Ahmed Khan believed that the religious and social life of the Muslims could be improved only by imbibing modern western scientific knowledge and culture. His major concern was the removal of social and educational backwardness among the Muslims. He worked hard to raise the status of the Muslim women.He considered that only modern education could lead Muslims towards progress. He established an English school in Ghazipur (present day Uttar Pradesh) in 1864. He started the Mohammadan Anglo-Oriental College (M.A.O.) at Aligarh in 1875 which later developed into the Aligarh Muslim University.