NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 5 Solution – Impact Of British Rule On India: Economic, Social And Cultural (1757-1857)

NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 5 Solution – Impact Of British Rule On India: Economic, Social And Cultural (1757-1857)

NIOS Class 10 Social Science Solution Chapter 5 Impact Of British Rule On India: Economic, Social And Cultural (1757-1857). NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 5 Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Class 10 Science Notes.

NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 5 Solution

Board

NIOS
Class

10th (Secondary)

Subject

Social Science
Topic

Question Answer, Solution, Notes

 

INTEXT QUESTIONS 5.1

1.) Tick the correct answer:

(a) The British came to India as

(i) conquerors (ii) travellers (iii) invaders (iv) traders

(b) Mir Jafar was the nawab of

(i) Mysore (ii) Punjab (iii) Bengal (iv) Berar

2.) Why did the British come to India? Give at least two reasons.

3.) What were the two main methods that the British used to annex the native states ?

 

INTEXT QUESTIONS 5.2

1.) State true or false and justify your statement:

(a) Duty free entry of foreign goods was good for Indian economy.
………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) All land settlements benefit the British.
………………………………………………………………………………………………

(c) Indigo, rice, wheat, tea and opium were the five major commercial crops
introduced by the British.
………………………………………………………………………………………………

(d) Some of the money lending class became the new landowners.
………………………………………………………………………………………………

2.) Provide any two reasons why the British built an extensive network of railways in India?

 

INTEXT QUESTIONS 5.3

1.) Match the following:

2.) Name at least two centers of Indian culture and languages founded by the British.

3.) Briefly explain at least two legal measures which helped improve the status of
women in British India.

 

INTEXT QUESTIONS 5.4

1.) Identify two reasons for protest movements by peasants and tribal groups in
India.

2.) How did the British policy of Divide and Rule affect the national interest of the
country? Explain in 30 words.

 

TERMINAL EXERCISES

1. How did the land revenue policies of the British affect the life of the peasants?

2. Distinguish between Permanent Settlement and Mahalwari System.

3. How did English education contributed in the rise of nationalism in India?

4. Examine the reasons for the success of the English language in the country?

5. Do you agree with the fact that British impact could be seen even today? If yes, how?

 

Answers-

Chapter 5:

IN text questions 5.1

1) (a) (iv)

(b) (iii)

2) British came to India to find the raw materials for their industries in Britain and markets for their finished goods.

3) The two main methods that the British used to annex the native states were Doctrine of Lapse and Subsidiary Alliance.

 

IN text questions 5.2

1) (a) No. Because the cheap foreign goods were a threat to Indian handloom.

(b) No. Because the high revenue rates led many peasants to revolt against the British rule.

(c) No, because rice and wheat are food crops. (d) Yes because when the peasants failed to pay back their loan their lands passed into the hands of the money lending class.

2)Two reasons why the British built an extensive network of railways in Indiawere to connect trading ports and industrial towns to villages from where they got their raw materials, that is, cash crops. And, finished goods from the trading ports could be taken to various markets.

 

IN text questions 5.3

1) (a) (iv)

(b) (iii)

(c) (i)

(d) (ii)

2)Two centers of Indian culture and languages founded by the British were Asiatic Society of Bengal founded by William Jones in 1784 and Fort William College founded by Lord Wellesley in 1800.

3) Two legal measures which helped improve the status of women in British India were as follows:-

a) The practice of sati, wherein the wife had to jump at her husband’s funeral fire, was banned in 1829.

b) Sharda Act, which raised the marriageable age of girls to 14 and boys to 18 thereby preventing child marriage, was passed in 1929.

 

IN text questions 5.4

1) Two reasons for protest movements by peasants and tribal groups in India were given below:-

a) The exploitative nature of the British with their heavy taxation and high revenue rates on the peasants.

(b) Various extortion policies and extension of British authority to tribal lands.

 

2) The British policy of Divide and Rule affect the national interest of the country by the following ways- Divide and Rule policy led to the division of the country on the basis of religion. The relationship between the Hindus and the Muslims suffered with the British pitching native against native to continue their rule.

 

Terminal Exercises:-

1) In the 18th century, the main occupation of the Indian people were agriculture. The British carried out a number of land revenue experiments which caused hardship to cultivators. They extracted taxes from the farmers to finance their policies and war efforts. Direct and indirect means were carried out to bring about this collection of revenue for the British. This affected the lives of the people who could not meet their daily needs because they had to provide the landowners and the collectors their share in the produce. Local administration failed to provide relief and natural justice to the rural poor. Lord Cornwallis introduced the Permanent Settlement in Bengal and Bihar in 1793. It made the landlord or zamindar deposit a fixed amount of money in the state treasury. The amount of revenue to be paid to the Company was fixed for a period of time which made the British financially secured. By these ways the land revenue policies of the British affect the life of the peasants.

 

2) Permanent Settlement:-

The Permanent Settlement, also known as the Permanent Settlement of Bengal, was an agreement between the East India Company and Bengali landlords to fix revenues to be raised from land that had far-reaching consequences for both agricultural methods and productivity in the entire British Empire and the political realities of the Indian countryside. It was concluded in 1793 by the Company administration headed by Charles, Earl Cornwallis. It formed one part of a larger body of legislation, known as the Cornwallis Code.

Mahalwari System:-

The Mahalwari system is used in India to protect village-level-autonomy. It was introduced by Holt Mackenzie in 1822. The word “Mahalwari” is derived from the Hindi word Mahal, which means house, district, neighbourhood or quarter. Mahalwari consisted of landlords or Nambardars assigned to represent villages or groups of villages. Along with the village communities, the landlords were jointly responsible for the payment of taxes. Individual responsibility was not assigned. The land included under this system consisted of all land in the villages, including forestland, pastures etc. This system was prevalent in parts of Uttar Pradesh, the North Western province, parts of Central India and Punjab.

3) English education contributed in the rise of nationalism in India by following ways:-

a) Many reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, and Swami Vivekananda absorbed western ideas of liberalism and democracy and used it to reform some of the non-humanitarian social and religious practices of the time.

b) The spread of English language and western education helped Indians to adopt modern, rational, democratic, liberal and patriotic outlook. New fields of knowledgein science, humanities and literature open to them. English became the lingua franca of the educated people in India.

c) The writings of John Locke, Ruskin, Mill, Rousseau and many others instilled in them the ideas of liberty, equality, fraternity, human rights and self-government.

d) Western thinkers like Max Mueller and Annie Besant encouraged vernacular languages and literary works to instil a sense of pride in Indian heritage and culture.

e) Along with newspapers and journals, they promoted the feelings of self-confidence, self-respect, awareness and patriotism, thereby developing a feeling of national consciousness.

 

4) The reasons for the success of the English language in the country are:

a) The Indians would be ready to work as clerks on low wages while for the same work the British would demand much higher wages.

b) It was also expected to create a class of Indians who were loyal to the British and were not able to relate to other Indians.

c) Indians would also help to increase the market for British goods.

d) British wanted to use education as a means to strengthen their political authority in the country.

e) The British gave jobs to only those Indians who knew English thereby compelling many Indians to go in for English education.

 

5) Yes, I agree with the fact that British impact could be seen even today. And the reasons are given below:-

a) The rails, the club life, the imperial buildings like the Rashtrapati Bhavan and the Parliament are reminiscent of the British rule in India.

b) Many food items like bread, tea and cake that we consume today are a direct result of our interaction with Europeans during the British rule.

c) A large number of costumes prevalent in urban India were adopted during the British rule.

d) The Indian armed forces still retain many aspects of European training and culture.

e) The Supreme Court and the High Court pass their judgments in English. This language itself is a legacy of the British rule and continues to be the lingua franca of Indians seeking employment in their own country.

Updated: April 6, 2022 — 2:22 pm

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