NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 26 Solution – Environmental Degradation And Disaster Management
NIOS Class 10 Social Science Solution Chapter 26 Environmental Degradation And Disaster Management. NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 26 Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Class 10 Science Notes.
NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 26 Solution
Board |
NIOS |
Class |
10th (Secondary) |
Subject |
Social Science |
Topic |
Question Answer, Solution, Notes |
INTEXT QUESTIONS 26.1
1. Put the following into biotic and abiotic groups:
Plants, Water, Soil, Animals, Fire, Microbes, Topography, Bacteria.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 26.2
1. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) When habitats are destroyed …………………… is lost.
(b) Modern gadgets release …………………… and causes ……………………
(c) Extensive use of fertilizers and pesticides have been a major source of
…….. and ………..
(d) One of the biggest causes of environmental degradation is generation of
……………………
2. What is disaster? Give any one example.
3. Activity: Garbage survey
For waste management, it is necessary that we collect the wastes for disposing
them off in three ways and take the needed steps, i.e. recycle or reuse or reduce
them. In this context you have to observe what type of waste is disposed of in
your house/area/colony? Carry out a weekly survey in your house/area/locality
in the following format and write which of the wastes can be recycled, reused
or reduced:
TERMINAL EXERCISES
1. What is meant by environment? Explain it with the help of an example.
2. Classify environment on the basis of evolution. Explain them with examples from your surroundings.
3. ‘Environment is dynamic in nature and keeps on changing.’ Substantiate this
statement with examples.
4. Discuss in brief the importance of environment.
5. Define environmental degradation. Explain the factors causing environmental
degradation.
6. Suggest any three ways to save our environment from degradation.
7. List at least ten activities by which human beings have been degrading the
environment.
8. Classify disasters on the basis of their origin.
9. What is meant by disaster management? How can we minimize the adverse
effects of disasters?
Answers –
Chapter 26:
IN text questions 26.1
1) Biotic – Plants, animals, microbes, bacteria.
Abiotic – water, soil, fire, topography.
2) (a) Natural, human made.
(b) Creation or its evolution.
(c) Human made.
(d) It changes over a period of time and space.
3)Do it yourself.
IN text questions 26.2
1) (a) Biodiversity (b) Harmful gases, global warning (c) Contamination of water bodies, land degradation (d) Solid wastes
2) A disaster is defined as the tragedy that negatively affects society and environment. Example Bhopal gas tragedy.
3)Do it yourself.
Terminal Exercises:
1) Environment denotes all the elements, processes and conditions around us along with their interrelationships. It is defined as the sum total of all the conditions and circumstances and the living and non-living things around an organism, which affect its life.
2) Natural environment: It includes all living and non-living things that occur naturally on Earth. It comprises the nature of the living space. The living space may be land or sea, that is, it may be soil or water. It also includes the chemical constituents and physical properties of the living space, the climate, and a variety of organisms. Natural environment includes both biotic and abiotic components as these have been evolved through a natural process.
Human-made environment: On the other hand, human-made environment includes all those things which are created by humans for their use. Human beings construct these surroundings, as these are needed for providing the required setting for human activity. These things range from the large-scale civic surroundings to personal places. For example, houses, roads, schools, hospitals, railway lines, bridges and parks are components of human-made environment.
3) The environment differs from place to place and also from one time in history to another. For example, the environment of the Himalayas is different from that of the Great Indian Desert, and even there it is not the same over the years and decades. Climatic conditions change in different places in different seasons. If you observe the evolution of the environment of the same place, say over a period of 20 or 30 years, you will find that the environment of that place has changed. Some changes take place naturally, while others are caused by the activities of human beings.
4) All kinds of our needs are met by the environment. It supplies the basic necessities for life and supports large number of life forms. We are dependent on the environment for our food, shelter, water, air, soil, energy, medicines, fibres, raw materials, and many other things. The environment maintains atmospheric composition and protects all kinds of life on earth from harmful effects of solar radiation. But in spite of all these benefits we find that the quality of environment is deteriorating and it is being degraded continuously. It is not only that the resources of the environment are being irrationally utilised, we are contributing dangerously to its pollution.
5) Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air,water, soil and forest; the destruction of eco-systems and the extinction of wildlife.
Growing Population, Poverty, Urbanisation, Changing Life Style, Agricultural Development, Industrialization, Economic Development.
6) a) Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects.
b)Reusing is the act of taking old items that you might consider throwing away and finding a new use for them.
c) Reduce means to minimise the amount of waste we create.
7) Ten activities by which human beings have been degrading the environment are Urbanization, Industrialization, Deforestation, Dumping of hazardous radioactive waste, Mining activities, Construction of larger dams, Overpopulation, Pollution, Ocean acidification, Agricultural development.
8) A disaster is the tragedy that negatively affects society and environment. Disasters are seen as the consequence of inappropriately managed risks. These can be classified into two categories based on their origin: Natural Disasters and Human made Disasters.
9) The consequences of a disaster are immense, its impact can be minimized. Minimizing the adverse effects of natural and human-made disasters by adopting suitable strategies is called disaster management. Its process involves four phases: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery.