NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 11 Solution – Bio-Diversity
NIOS Class 10 Social Science Solution Chapter 11 Bio-Diversity. NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 11 Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Class 10 Science Notes.
NIOS Class 10 Social Science Chapter 11 Solution
Board |
NIOS |
Class |
10th (Secondary) |
Subject |
Social Science |
Topic |
Question Answer, Solution, Notes |
INTEXT QUESTIONS 11.1
1. “Bio-diversity is fundamental to the existence of life on the earth” Justify the
statement by giving any two reasons.
2. Explain hotspots in 30 words
INTEXT QUESTIONS 11.2
1. Why are the tropical rain forests called evergreen forests? Explain in 30 words.
2. Give reasons
(i) Tidal Forest areas along the eastern coast experienced severe destruction
during cyclones in recent years because
(ii) Himalayan Forests have been economically more exploited in comparison to Tropical Evergreen Forests because
INTEXT QUESTIONS 11.3
1.) Fill in the blanks correctly from the alternatives provided in the bracket:-
(i) At present there are ……………….. wild life sanctuaries
(ii) ……………….. in Assam is known for the Indian Rhinoceroses.
(iii) Harike Wetlands is located in ……………….. (Punjab/ Himachal Pradesh)
(iv) ……………….. biosphere reserve is in the state of Tamil Nadu.
2.) Define Wetlands
3.) Make a list of any three efforts you can make to safeguard Biodiversity of your
surroundings.
TERMINAL EXERCISES
1. Define biodiversity. Explain the interrelationship between natural vegetation,
wildlife and micro-organisms.
2. Describe in brief the characteristics and distribution of Tropical Evergreen Forests in India.
3. Give any two differences between the moist deciduous forests and the dry
deciduous forests in India.
4. State three objectives for establishment of biosphere reserves in India.
5. What are the main causes of loss of biodiversity? State any four.
6. Justify the need for conservation of natural vegetation, wildlife and microorganisms with suitable reasons.
7. Answer the following questions.
(a) Match the name of the animal to the national park in which they are
protected?
(b) Encircle the animal which are not protected in any national park?
(c) Write the name of the animal which is protected in more than one National
Park?
8. Refer to Figure No.11.3
(a) Find out the type of vegetation in your state.
(b) Which areas have thorn forests?
(c) Which areas have tidal forests and why are they restricted to those areas?
Answers-
Chapter 11:
IN text questions 11.1
1) Biodiversity is fundamental to the existence of life on the earth because this is extremely valuable in different facets of life which includes providing of food, water, fiber, fuel etc. and regulating of climate and diseases.
2)Hotspot: – A biodiversity hotspot is a region with a high level of endemic species. Endemic species are those species that are found in a limited area.
IN text questions 11.2
1)The tropical rain forests called evergreen forests because trees in these forests remain green all the year round as the climate of the region is warm and wet throughout the year. The leaves of the trees do not fall in any particular season. Hence they are evergreen.
2) (i) Tidal Forest areas along the eastern coast experienced severe destruction during cyclones in recent years due to massive deforestation. Tidal forests along the eastern coast provide protection against cyclones. But in recent years.
(ii) Himalayan Forests have been economically more exploited in comparison to Tropical Evergreen Forests because tropical evergreen forest has a dense and mixed vegetation of all kinds and hence, their economic exploitation is not viable whereas species in Himalayan vegetation are less dense and found in pure stand.
IN text questions 11.3
1) (a) 551
(b) Kaziranga
(c) Punjab
(d) Gulf of Munnar
2) A wetland is defined as an area of land where soil is saturated with moisture either permanently or seasonally. Such areas may also be covered partially or completely by shallow pools of water.
3) Some of the efforts you can make to safeguard Bio diversity of your surroundings are: (i) stop cutting trees; (ii) plant more trees; (iii) protect all animals; (iv) establishment of hospitals for injured birds or animals; (v) stop throwing garbage and polluting environment.
Terminal Exercises:
1) Biodiversity is a short form of biological diversity. In simple terms biodiversity is the total number of genes, species and ecosystems of a region. It includes (i) geneticdiversity, (ii) species diversity and (iii) ecosystem diversity. Plants and animals constitute only a small component of biodiversity.
Natural vegetation provides us with timber, give shelter to man and animals, produce the oxygen we breathe, prevent soil erosion and natural calamities such as floods, high speed winds and help in storage of underground water, give us fruits, nuts, latex, turpentine oil, gum, medicinal plants and also the paper.Wildlife includes animals, birds, insects, reptiles as well as the aquatic life forms. They provide us milk, meat, hides and wool. Insects like bees provide us honey, help in pollination of flowers and have an important role to play as decomposers in the ecosystem.The micro-organisms, due to their ability to eat dead animals act as natural cleansers of the ecosystem. Thus, natural vegetation, wildlife and micro-organisms are interrelated and play an important role in maintaining the ecosystem.
2) Tropical Evergreen Forests in India: – Trees in these forests remain green all the year round as the climate of the region is warm and wet throughout the year. The leaves of these trees do not fall in any particular season. Hence, they are evergreen. These forests are found in the areas having more than 200 cm of rainfall with a short dry season. The trees reach a height up to 60 meters or even more. It has a dense and mixed vegetation of all kinds including trees, shrubs, climbers, creepers, epiphytes and ferns giving it a multi-layered structure.Rosewood, ebony, mahogany, rubber, jack wood and bamboo are the important species of trees found in Tropical Evergreen Forests. In India, this type of vegetation is found in the areas of heavy rainfall in Western Ghats, upper parts of Assam and islands of Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar. Hardwood from these forests is used for furniture, handicraft etc. They prevent landslides and soil erosion.
3) Two differences between the moist deciduous forests and the dry deciduous forests in India are given below:-
a) The moist deciduous forests are found in the areas of rainfall between 100 to 200 cm.These are distributed mainly in the eastern parts of the country,North-eastern states along the foothills of Himalayas, Jharkhand, Odisha and Chhattisgarh, and eastern slopes of Western Ghats.
b) The dry deciduous forests are spread in the areas receiving annual rainfall between 75 to 100 cms annually.These forests are found in the interior parts of the peninsular plateau and the plains of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Bihar.
4) Three objectives for establishment of biosphere reserves in India are:-
a) To conserve diversity and integrity of the life of plants, animals and microorganisms.
b) To promote eco-friendly sustainable life in the areas.
c) To promoteecological conservation, research, education, awareness and training in the life of such areas.
5) The main causes of loss of biodiversity were as follows:-
a) Increasing population and changing lifestyle leads to extensive commercial exploitation of the natural resources.
b) Pollution and degradation.
c) Extinction of individual species.
d) Climate change.
6) Biodiversity is fundamental to our existence on the earth for food, water, shelter and fibre in nature. All these are interrelated and interdependent. If any one component is disrupted, it would have multiple impacts on other components of biodiversity.
7)
- Dachigram – Hangul , Musk deer
- Corbett – Tiger, Elephant, Panther, Deer
- Dudhwa – Elephants and Tiger
- Kanha – Tiger, Barasingha
- Badipur – Tiger and Barasingha
- Periyar – Elephants
- Bharatpur – Different types of water birds
- Desert Park – Desert wolf, Fox
- Gir – Lion, Panther, Chital
- Kaziranga – Rhino, Wild Buffalo\
- Manas – Elephant, Rhino, Wild Buffalo
- Nam Dafa – Tiger, Gaur, Wild buffalo
- Sundarbans – Royal Bengal Tiger
8) Do It yourself.