NIOS Class 10 Science & Technology Chapter 2 Solution

NIOS Class 10 Science & Technology Chapter 2 Solution – Matter in Our Surroundings

NIOS Class 10 Science & Technology Solution Chapter 2 Matter in Our Surroundings. NIOS Class 10 Science & Technology Chapter 2 Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Class 10 Science Notes.

NIOS Class 10 Science & Technology Chapter 2 Solution

Board NIOS
Class 10th  (Secondary)
Subject Science and Technology (212)
Topic Question Answer, Solution, Notes

 

CHAPTER: – 2 (MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDINGS)

INTEXT QUESTIONS 2.1

 

1) What is matter?

Ans: – A matter is an object which is present in environment occupying some space and they also have some property as well. There are different types of form in a matter.

 

2) Which of the following is not a pure substance?

(a) Iron (b) Water (c) Soil.
Ans: – Here soil is not a pure substance as the soil is the mixture of different types of elements present in the underground of it.

 

3)Who coined the term “atom” and what does it mean?

Ans: – The term atom was coined by the scientist Dalton who firs gave the atomic theory and this atom is fundamental unite of a substance which made up with these small particles like atoms.

 

INTEXT QUESTIONS 2.2

1) Which of the three states of matter has no definite volume? Give one reason for your answer.
(a) Solid, (b) liquid, (c) gas.

Ans: – As we all know that the solid and liquid substance are measured by the definite weighing instrument so this two have definite volumes as well and the air or gas doesn’t have any instrument to measure its volume in air so gas has no specific volume.

 

2)Why do solids have definite shape?

Ans: – Solid are formed by the tiny particles inside it. As this million of numbers of tiny particles or atom makes the whole structure so the solid always occupy some specific shapes in the places where it kept.

 

3)Name a substance which exists naturally in all the three states.

Ans: – The common example of is the substance which present in all three states in the is water or H2O which has liquid as well as gaseous and solid states also.

 

INTEXT QUESTIONS 2.3

 

1)Why gases are more compressible as compared to solids?

Ans: – The gases are compressible in nature but the solid are not as the solid have a specific volume. The gases don’t have any specific volume in so it compresses at a certain value but in solid case that is not possible so gases are compressible in nature.

2)How can you change water into ice ?

Ans: – The water is a liquid state so by keeping it in freezing temperature this liquid becomes solid like ice. As the freezing point of most of the liquid are below the negative value so this becomes solid at a certain negative temperature.

 

INTEXT QUESTIONS 2.4

 

1) Classify the following into element, compound and mixture:

aluminium, carbon, granite, water, silicon, carbon dioxide, air and sugar.

Ans: –

  • Element: – aluminium, carbon, silicone.
  • Compound: – Water, carbon dioxide, granite, sugar.
  • Mixture: – Air.

 

2) How does an element differ from a compound?

Ans: – The elements are a compound which always contain just only one types of substance in it. But in a compound the different types of elements including forms it. So, the compound is the mixture of different element.

3)Which is the most abundant element in the universe?

Ans: – The most abundant element in the universe is Hydrogen or H2.

 

INTEXT QUESTIONS 2.5

1)Say whether ethyl alcohol and water form a homogeneous mixture or heterogeneous mixture.

Ans: – As we all know a mixture which forms with the same elements in it is known as the homogeneous mixture and the element which made up with the different elements is known as the heterogeneous mixture so as these two compounds are made up with the different types of compounds so this is a heterogeneous mixture.

 

2)Give an example of homogeneous mixture obtained by mixing two solids.

Ans: – Alloy of brasses is the example of homogeneous mixture of two solid of copper and zinc.

 

INTEXT QUESTIONS 2.6

 

1) To make one kilogram of 40% sugar solution by mass, how much sugar and water will you need?

sugar ……………….
water ……………….

Ans: – In a one kilograms of solution we know that the 1000 gm of solution is measure so the 40% of sugar solution means the sugar is 400gm and the water is 600gm.

 

2) What is the name given to a liquid which dissolves a solid to make a solution?

Ans: – According to the definition of solvent which is a liquid in that any solid dissolve so the name of this liquid solvent.

 

3) To make a given solution more concentrated, what will you add?

Ans: – As after mixing the more amount of solute in any mixture the mixture become more concentrated. So, solute must be added in that solution.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 2.7

 

1) Which physical property is used to separate iron granules from dust particles?

(a) Magnetic, (b) Electric, (c) Density.

Ans: – Option (a)

 

2.) The separation of sugar in the form of Mishree is called

(a) evaporation (b) crystallization (c) distillation.

Ans: – Option (b).

 

TERMINAL EXERCISE

1) Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false.

(i) A liquid has a definite shape. true/false

Ans: – False.

 

(ii) An element cannot be broken into simpler substances by chemical means. true/false.

Ans: – True.

 

(iii) A solid cannot be converted into liquid even by increasing temperature.true/false.

Ans: – False.

(iv) A liquid can be converted into solid by lowering temperature true/false.

Ans: – True.

 

2) Indicate the normal state (i.e. state at room temperature) of each of the following?

(i) iron (ii) water (iii) nitrogen (iv) carbon (v) gold (vi) oxygen.

Ans: – Here in room temperature (i) iron: – solid, ( ii) water: – Liquid, (iii) nitrogen: – Gaseous, (iv) carbon:- Gaseous, (v) Gold: – Solid, (vi) Oxygen: – gaseous.

 

3) In the table given below, a list of substances has been provided. Identify whether each of them is an element, compound, mixture or solution.

(i) Milk (ii) Sugar (iii) Silver

(iv) Air (v) Water (vi) Sea water

(vii) Iron (viii) Sugar (ix) Carbon dioxide.

Ans: –

  • Element: – Iron, silver.
  • Compound: – water, sugar, carbon dioxide.
  • Mixture or solution: – Air, sea water, milk.

 

4) Why is it important to store cooking gas cylinder away from heat and flame?

Ans: – The compound which present in cooking gas are kept inside the cylinder by applying high pressure in it so if by chance if the affect of temperature makes the gases present create more pressure on the cylinder and any explosion will be happened in it.

 

5) Identify the most appropriate method to separate the following:

Ans: – 

Updated: February 19, 2022 — 4:13 pm

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  1. Where is the notes of this chapter

  2. Nios science class 10 ch 2

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