Nervous system can be defined as complex mesh of nerves which work together and carry out control and coordination in the body. Nervous system contains group of cells called as neurons which are specialized to receive information from the various parts of the body and convert it into appropriate response.
Functions of nervous system :
1.) Nervous system carry out control and coordination of the body.
2.) It transports the signal that is send and receive the signals from various organs of the body.
3.) Maintains homeostasis in the body. Homeostasis can be defined as maintaining the internal environment constant in the body.
4.) It acts as center for learning, walking, thought, speech and hearing.
Structure of neuron
The functional unit of nervous system is neuron. Neurons are also called as nerve cells, because they carrying the information in the form of signal from various parts of the body to the brain and again transmitting information from brain to the target organ. As we can see in the diagram the neuron contains all the cellular organelles such as the cell body, dendrites that means extensions which arise from cell body, presence of axon, myelin sheath and axon terminals.
There are 2 types of neurons present in nervous system : namely afferent neuron and efferent neuron.
1.) Afferent neuron : If any stimulus present on skin that stimulus is sensed by sense neuron and this sensory information carry signals to the nervous system.
2.) Efferent neuron :The nervous system process information and generate response. This response carry from nervous system to effector organ through efferent neuron.
The nervous system can be classified into 2 categories. The two major parts of nervous system are Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). Let’s discuss in brief about parts of nervous system.
Question and answers :
1.) What is nervous system ?
Answer :- Nervous system can be defined as complex mesh of nerves which work together and carry out control and coordination in the body. Nervous system contains group of cells called as neurons which are specialized to receive information from the various parts of the body and convert it into appropriate response.
2.) What are the functions of nervous system ?
Answer :-
1.) Nervous system carry out control and coordination of the body.
2.) It transports the signal that is send and receive the signals from various organs of the body.
3.) Maintains homeostasis in the body. Homeostasis can be defined as maintaining the internal environment constant in the body.
4.) It acts as center for learning, walking, thought, speech and hearing.
3.) What is neuron ?
Answer :- The functional unit of nervous system is neuron. Neurons are also called as nerve cells, because they carrying the information in the form of signal from various parts of the body to the brain and again transmitting information from brain to the target organ.
4.) What are the structural parts present in neuron ?
Answer :- the neuron contains all the cellular organelles such as the cell body, dendrites that means extensions which arise from cell body, presence of axon, myelin sheath and axon terminals.
5.) What are the types of neuron ?
Answer :- There are 2 types of neurons present in nervous system : namely afferent neuron and efferent neuron.
1.) Afferent neuron : If any stimulus present on skin that stimulus is sensed by sense neuron and this sensory information carry signals to the nervous system.
2.) Efferent neuron :The nervous system process information and generate response. This response carry from nervous system to effector organ through efferent neuron.
6.) What are the parts of CNS ?
Answer :- There are 2 parts of CNS such as brain and spinal cord.
7.) What are the parts of PNS ?
Answer :- There are 2 parts of PNS such as Autonomic nervous system and Somatic nervous system.
