NCERT Class 7 social studies History Our Past II Tenth Chapter EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY POLITICAL FORMATIONS Exercise Question Solution.
1) Match the following :
Subadar——–Provincial governor
Faujdar——— a Mughal military commander.
Ijaradar———- a revenue farmer.
Misi————— A band of sikh warriors.
Chauth———— tax levied by the Marathas.
Kunbis————- Maratha peasant warriors.
Umara————- a high noble
2) Fill in the blanks :
a> Deccan.
b> Administration.
c> 1724
d> burhan-ul-Mulk sa’adat Khan.
3)
a> false, b> False, c> true. d> true.
4) Sa’adat Khan held the combined offices of subadari, diwani and faujdari.
5) The Nawab of Awadh and Bengal tried to do away with the jagidari system in order to reduce the power of the Mughals in their states.
6) In the seventeenth century Sikhs organized into a political community. Several battles were fought by Guru Gobind Singh against the Rajput and Mughal rulers, both before and after the institution of the Khalsa in 1699. After his death in 1708, the Khalsa rose in revolt against the Mughal authority under Banda Bahadur’s leadership, declared their sovereign rule by striking coins in the name of Guru Nanak and Guru Gobind Singh, and established their own administration between the Sutlej and the Jamuna. Banda Bahadur was captured in 1715 and executed in 1716. Under a number of able leaders in the eighteenth century, the Sikhs organized themselves into a number of bands called jathas, and later on misls. Their combined forces were known as the grand army (dal khalsa). The entire body used to meet at Amritsar at the time of Baisakhi and Diwali to take collective decisions known as “resolutions of the Guru (gurmatas)”.
7) The Marathas wanted to expand beyond the Deccan in order to decrease the Mughal power. In 1720s, they seized Malwa and Gujarat from the Mughals. In 1730 the Maratha king was recognised as the overlord of the entire Deccan Peninsula.
8) Asaf Jah adopted a lots of policies to strengthen his positions. He ruled independently without Mughal interference . He brought skilled soldiers and administrators from northern India who welcomed the new opportunities in the south.