NCERT Class 7 social studies History Our Past 2 First Chapter TRACING CHANGES THROUGH A THOUSAND YEARS Exercise Question Solution.
1) who was considered a foreigner in the past ?
Ans: The word foreigner is used in the sense of a person who is not an Indian. It also means that someone who was not a part of that society or culture. It means a forest dweller was a foreigner for a city dweller. But two different living in the same village were not foreigner to each other.
2) State whether true or false
a> false, b>false, c>True, d> False
3) Fill in the blanks
a> manuscripts, b> Ziyauddin Barani, c> Potatoes,com, Chillies, tea, coffee.
4) Some technological changes associated with this period were
a> The use of Persian wheel in irrigation.
b> The use of spinning wheel in weaving
c> The use of firearms in combat.
5) Some of the major significant religious developments occurred in Hinduism. The Worship of new deities, the construction of temples by royalty and growing importance of Brahmanas, the priest, as dominant groups in society. Their knowledge of Sanskrit texts earned the Brahmanas a lot of respect in society. They were patronized by the Emperors. The other merchants and migrants brought with them the teaching of quran, the holy book of Muslims.
6) In many ways the meaning of the term “Hindustan” changed over the time. The term “Hindustan” was used for the first time by Minhaj-i-siraj, a thirteen century Persian chronicler. He, with this term, mean the area of Punjab, Haryana and the lands between the Ganga and Yamuna. It was Used in a political sense for lands constituting a part of the dominions of the Delhi sultan. Though the term shifted with the extent of the sultanate but never included south India. The remarkable point is that while the idea of geographical and cultural entity like “India” did exists, the term “Hindustan” did not carry the political and national meaning that we associate today.
7) Jatis were grouped into sub-castes and ranked on the basis of their backgrounds and their occupations. Ranks were not fixed permanently, and varied according
to the power, influence and resources controlled by members of the jati. The status of the same jati could vary from area to area. Jatis framed their own rules and regulations to manage the conduct of their members. These regulations were enforced by an assembly of elders, described in some areas as the jati panchayat. But jatis were also
required to follow the rules of their villages. Several villages were governed by a chieftain. Together they were only one small unit of a state.
8) Pan-regional means the area of empires spanning diverge regions. Occasionally dynasties like the Cholas, Khaljis, Tughluqs and Mughals were able to build an empire that was pan-regional. But years of imperial, pan-regional rule had altered the character of the regions. Across most of the subcontinent the regions were left with the legacies
of the big and small states that had ruled over them. This was apparent in the emergence of many distinct and shared traditions: in the realms of governance, the management of the economy, elite cultures, and language.