NCERT Class 11 Economics Indian Economic Development Chapter 8 Infrastructure Extra Questions and Answers
Class 11 Economics Indian Economic Development Chapter 8 Extra Inside Questions and Answers – Infrastructure. Here in this Page Class XI Students can Learn Extra Questions & Answer 8th Chapter Economics Indian Economic Development fully Inside.
We Provided Here Infrastructure Economics Indian Economic Development Chapter 8 Long Answer Type Question, MCQ Questions & Answer, Short Answer Type Questions (2 or 3 marks), and Very Short answer Type Question (1 marks) Solution.
Class 11 Economics Indian Economic Development Chapter 8 Inside based Question
Economics Indian Economic Development Chapter 8 Infrastructure Class 11 Inside 6 Marks, 3 marks, 2 Marks & And 1 Marks Important Questions and Answers.
1.) Some divide infrastructure into following categories
(a) Economic
(b) Social
(c) Capital
(d)Both (a) and (b)
Ans – option (d)
2.) Infrastructure associated with energy, transportation and communication are included in ……category
(a) Economic
(b) Social
(c) Capital
(d)Both (a) and (b)
Ans – option (a)
3.) Infrastucture associated with education, health and housing are included in ……. Category
(a) Economic
(b) Social
(c) capital
(d)Both (a) and (b)
And – option (b)
4.) Industrial progress depends on the development of power and electricity generation, transport and communications.
(a) True
(b) False
Ans – option (a)
5.) coal, petroleum and electricity as they are bought and sold there are which type of source of energy.
(a) Non – commercial
(b) Commercial
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d)None of the above
Ans – option (b)
6.) Fuel wood, agricultural
waste and dried dung there are which type of energy source.
(a) Non- commercial
(b) Commercial
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d)None of the above
Ans – Option (a)
7.) Both commercial and non-commercial sources of energy are known as ………………of energy.
(a) Non – convention sources
(b) conventional sources
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d)None of the above
Ans – option (b)
8.) Solar energy, wind energy and tidal power there are which type of energy sources.
(a) Non – commercial
(b) Commercial
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d)None of the above
Ans – option (a)
9.) India invests only ………of its GDP on infrastructure
(a) 20 percent
(b) 10 percent
(c)30 percent
(d) 25 percent
Ans -option (c)
1.) What is infrastructure?
Ans – Infrastructure provides supporting services in the main areas of industrial and agricultural production, domestic and foreign trade and commerce. These services include roads, railways, ports,airports, dams, power stations, oil and gas pipelines, telecommunication facilities, the country’s educational system including schools and colleges, health system including hospitals, sanitary system including clean drinking water facilities and the monetary system including banks, insurance and other financial institutions. Some of these facilities have a direct impact on production of goods and services while others give in direct support by building the social sector of the economy.
2.) Explain the contribute of infrastructure.
Ans –Infrastructure contributes to economic development of a country both by increasing the productivity of the factors of production and improving the quality of life of its people.Inadequate infrastructure can have multiple adverse effects on health.Improvements in water supply and sanitation have a large impact by reducing morbidity from major water borne diseases and reducing the severity of disease when it occurs. In addition to the obvious linkage between water and sanitation and health,the quality of transport and communication infrastructure can affect access to health care. Air pollution and safety hazards connected to transportation also affect morbidity,particularly in densely populated areas.
3.) Explain the state of infrastructure in India.
Ans – Traditionally, the government has been solely responsible for developing the country’s infrastructure. But it was found that the government’s investment in infrastructure was inadequate.Today, the private sector by itself and also in joint partnership with the public sector, has started playing a very important role in infrastructure development A majority of our people live in rural areas. Despite so much technical progress in the world, rural women are still using bio-fuels such as crop residues, dung and fuel wood to meet their energy requirement. They walk long dis-tances to fetch fuel, water and other basic needs. The census 2011 shows that in rural India only 56 percent households have an electricity connection and 43 per cent still use kerosene. About 85 per cent of the rural households use bio-fuels for cooking. Tap water availability is limited to only 31 per cent rural households. About 69 per cent of the population drinks water from open sources such as wells, tanks, ponds,lakes, rivers, canals, etc. Access to improved sanitation in rural areas was only 30 per cent.
4.) Why do we need energy?
Ans-Energy is a critical aspect of the development process of a nation. It is, of course, essential for industries. Now it is used on a large scale in agriculture and related areas like production and transportation of fertilisers, pesticides and farm equipment. It is required in houses for cooking, household lighting and heating.
5.) Explain the source of energy.
Ans –There are commercial and non-commercial sources of energy. Commercial sources are coal, petroleum and electricity as they are bought and sold. Non-commercial sources of energy are fuel wood, agricultural waste and dried dung. These are non-commercial as they are not available in the market on a large scale.While commercial sources of energy are generally exhaustiblen on-commercial sources ortraditional are generally renewable. More than 60 percent of Indian households depend on traditional sources of energy for meeting their regular cooking and heating needs.
6.) Explain the challenges that India’s power sector faces today.
Ans-Some of the challenges that India’s power sector faces today are — (i) India’s installed capacity to generate electricity is not sufficient to feed the high economic growth. In order to meet the growing demand for electricity, India’s commercial energy supply needs to grow at about 7 per cent. At present,India is able to add only 20,000 MW ayear. Even the installed capacity is under-utilised because plants are not run properly (ii) State Electricity Boards(SEBs), which distribute electricity,incur losses exceed `20,000 crores.This is due to transmission and distribution losses, wrong pricing of electricity and other inefficiencies. Some scholars also say that distribution of electricity to farmers is the main reason for the losses; electricity is also stolen in different areas which also adds to the woes of SEBs (iii) private sector power generators are yet to play their role in a major way; same is the case with foreign investors (iv) there is general public unrest due to high power tariffs and prolonged power cuts in different parts of the country, and (v) thermal power plants, which are the mainstay of India’s power sector are facing shortage
7.) Explain the state of the health infrastructure.
Ans –The government has the constitutional obligation to guide and regulate all health-related issues, such as medical education, adulteration of food,drugs and poisons, medical profession, vital statistics, mental deficiency and lunacy.The Union Government evolves broad policies and plans through the Central Council of Health and Family Welfare. It collects information and renders financial and technical assistance to State governments, Union Territories and other bodies for the implementation of important healthcprogrammes in the country.Over the years, India has built a vast health infrastructure and manpower at different levels. At the village level, a variety of hospitals,technically known as Primary Health Centres (PHCs) have been set up by the government. India also has a large number of hospitals run by voluntary agencies and the private sector. These hospitals engage professionals and para-medical professionals trained in medical, pharmacy and nursing colleges of raw material and coal supplies.
