Maharashtra Board Class 11 Political Science Chapter 1 The State Solution

Maharashtra Board Class 11 Political Science Solution Chapter 1 – The State

Maharashtra Board Class 11 Political Science Solution Chapter 1 The State

The State Solution

Balbharati Maharashtra Board Class 11 Political Science Solution Chapter 1: The State. Marathi or English Medium Students of Class 11 get here The State full Exercise Solution.

Std

Maharashtra Class 11
Subject

Political Science

Chapter

1
Chapter name

The State

 

Section I : Political Concepts

Chapter 1. The State

 

1.) (A) Choose the correct alternative and complete the following statements.

1.) The term Nation is derived from the Latin word ……………. (Nasci, Natio, Natalis, Nauto)

Answer – The term Nation is derived from the Latin word Nasci

 

2.) The origin of Liberal Nationalism is in the …………………. Revolution.

(American, Russian, French, British)

Answer – The origin of Liberal Nationalism is in the French Revolution.

 

(B) Identify the incorrect pair in every set, correct it and rewrite.

(a) Aristotle                                     –                       German Thinker

(b) Jean Bodin                                 –                       French Thinker

(c) Woodrow Wilson                     –                       American Thinker

(d) Harold Laski                              –                       British Thinker

 

Answer – The incorrect pair is

(a) Aristotle                                     –                       German Thinker

 

The correct pair would be

(a) Aristotle                                     –                       Greek Philosopher

 

(C) State the appropriate concept for the given statement.

1.) Force which holds the people to a sense of political loyalty to the country –

Answer – Nationalism is a force which holds the people to a sense of political loyalty to the country

 

2.) The area of the State within which it has the authority to govern –

Answer – The areas of the State within which the State has the authority to govern is called jurisdiction. Jurisdiction is the legal power that the State has to take decisions. Territory refers to the geographical boundaries of a state. A state must have a specific territory.

 

2.) State whether the following statements are true or false with reasons.

1.) Progressive Nationalism can create differences amongst people.

Answer – False.

Progressive nationalism can help a society to come together and promote development.  Aggressive nationalism can create differences amongst people.

2.) Sovereignty means State has the freedom to take its own decision.

Answer – True.

Sovereignty means the independent authority of the country. It signifies that the country is not dependent on any other country for taking decisions. It is independent to take its own decisions, formulate laws and govern. When people of a nation want to become a sovereign country, it means they are demanding the right to self-determination.

3.) Palestine is a State.

Answer – False.

The Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) has been granted recognition as the legitimate representative of the Palestinian people. The PLO has also identified Gaza and West Bank as the territory of the State of Palestine. However, Palestine does not have a sovereign government. Its territory is under the jurisdiction of the Israelis. This is why Palestine is a nation and not a state. However, Palestine has been a ‘Non-member Observer’ State of the UN since 2012 and more than a 100 members of the UN have given recognition to Palestine as a State.

 

4.) Expansionist Nationalism is a type of Aggressive Nationalism.

Answer – True

Expansionist Nationalism is an aggressive form of nationalism. In this form, countries start to become aggressive and create empires for ‘national glory’. Colonialism is a product of this aggressive nationalism.

The State Solution

3.) Express your opinion of the following.

India is a State.

 Answer – The Preamble of the Indian Constitution uses the words, ‘Sovereign Democratic Republic’. Here the word sovereignty means the independent authority of the country. It signifies that the country is not dependent on any other country for taking decisions. It is independent to take its own decisions, formulate laws and govern. When people of a nation want to become a sovereign country, it means they are demanding the right to self-determination. Freedom struggle is an expression of the right to self-determination. It is this urge for political self determination that leads a nation in the direction of statehood. When does a nation become a state? A State must have the following characteristics to qualify for statehood: sovereignty; independent government, territory and population A State is a political community. Its presence is felt in almost all human activity. Activities like education, social welfare, defence, law and order, all are done by the State. Even personal matters like  registration of birth, getting a PAN card or an Aadhaar card, registration of marriage, etc. the State has a role to play. The State grants rights, provides justice, ensures equality and guarantees liberty.

The State has the following elements:

(i) Sovereignty: Sometimes this term is used interchangeably with the term independence. But sovereignty is a legal term while independence is a political term. It means that the country is legally sovereign with its own independent constitution. For example, India became politically independent in 1947 but it became a sovereign State in 1950 after the constitution came into effect.

(ii) Government: Every sovereign state must have a government. The government must be sovereign and independent. For example, when India was a British colony, there was a Government of India. But it was not a sovereign independent government.

Therefore prior to independence India was not a State. Institutions of the State are ‘Public’ institutions. These Public institutions include various organs of the government like the Executive, Legislature, Judiciary, Bureaucracy, etc. Public  institutions are responsible for making policies, laws, taking decisions and implementing them. We have to make a distinction between these Public institutions and Private institutions. Private institutions belong to the civil society. These include private businesses, clubs, etc. It is the public institutions that have legitimacy to act on behalf of the State.

(iii) Territory: It refers to the geographic boundaries of a state. A state must have a specific territory. The areas of the State within which the State has the authority to govern is called jurisdiction. Jurisdiction is the legal power that the State has to take decisions.

(iv) Population: A State cannot exist without people. This population can have any amount of diversity in terms of language, religion, culture, ethnicity, etc. Thus, a ‘State’ can comprise of many ‘nations’. For example, the Soviet Union had people of many nationalities like Russians, Lithuanians, Latvians, Estonians, Ukrainians, etc. Similarly, the United Kingdom consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

State and Government

We normally use the terms State and Government without understanding  the difference between them. They are different concepts. State as we have seen above, is a political organisation created for the satisfaction of the common needs of the people. A government is an agent of the State through which the will of the State is formulated, expressed and realised. Government is the main wing of the state. Its main nature is administrative. Law and order, welfare, etc. are some of the main functions of the State. These functions are preformed through the government. A government has three parts: The Executive, Legislature and Judiciary.

The State Solution

4.) Answer the following questions.

1.) What are the features of Nation? 

Answer – A nation is a people who identify socially, culturally, politically and want to establish a separate identity for themselves. There is a sense of oneness that is psychological and born out of commonness of culture, ethnicity, religion, language, history, etc. They may or may not be located in a specific geographic territory.

(i) Population: A Nation must have a population. The population has some similarities. These similarities may be language, race and religion or there may be common cultural or historical experiences. There is a sense of ethnic, historical and cultural oneness that goes in the perception of identifying oneself as a nation.

(ii) Feeling of community: The similarities of demography and culture must translate into a psychological feeling of a community. This is the emotional dimension. This is a matter of perception held by the people of that community.

(iii) Desire to be politically separate: People living in a particular geographic area having common socio-cultural, religious or linguistic commonality can lead to a feeling of being a nation. Such a feeling is a product of the urge for self-determination. This can lead to a demand for self-governance at a political level.

Nationalism

India wanted to be independent from the British colonial rule. It was a fight for the right of self-determination. India’s fight for its independence was an expression of India’s nationalism. Nationalism is a sense of political identity. It is a love for one’s nation. The people become sentimentally attached to the homeland. They gain a sense of identity and self-esteem by this identification and are motivated to help their homeland. The expression of such sentiments can be seen at different times:

Cheering for a national cricket team, standing up during the National Anthem or support to the armed forces during a war. Nationalism is a force which holds the people to a sense of political loyalty to the country.

The State Solution

2.) What is Nationalism? Explain its types.

 Answer – Nationalism is a sense of political identity. It is a love for one’s nation. The people become sentimentally attached to the homeland. They gain a sense of identity and self-esteem by this identification and are motivated to help their homeland. The expression of such sentiments can be seen at different times:

Cheering for a national cricket team, standing up during the National Anthem or support to the armed forces during a war. Nationalism is a force which holds the people to a sense of political loyalty to the country.

There are some features of Nationalism:

(i) Nationalism has been a force that has been both, a builder and a destroyer. It has been described as progressive and aggressive nationalism. Progressive nationalism can help a society to come together and promote development. Aggressive nationalism can create differences amongst people.

(ii) Nationalism discourages imperialism or colonialism. The resistance to any form of occupation of a region is one of the features of nationalism. National liberation struggles or freedom struggles across the world are a product of nationalism. It thus encourages self-determination.

(iii) Nationalism can promote diversity. You see a large amount of diversity in India based on religion, ethnicity, language, regions, etc. But we still talk of Indian nationalism. The idea of ‘unity in diversity’ is the core of Indian nationalism. When we look at nationalism from a political perspective, we can see different forms of nationalism:

(i) Liberal nationalism: The origins of liberal nationalism are in the French Revolution. It is also seen in President Woodrow Wilson’s ‘Fourteen Points’. It links the idea of a nation to sovereignty. It accepts that every nation has the right to freedom and self-determination.

(ii) Conservative nationalism: This form of nationalism is inward looking. It looks at the nation as a closely linked society. It gives a lot of importance to patriotism.

(iii) Expansionist nationalism: This is an aggressive form of nationalism. In this form, countries start to become aggressive and create empires for ‘national glory’. Colonialism is a product of this aggressive nationalism.

(iv) Anticolonial nationalism: This refers to national liberation struggles or freedom struggles. Countries like India experienced this form of nationalism during the days of the freedom struggle.

The State Solution

5.) Answer the following question in detail with reference to the given points.

Explain the following elements of the State.

(a) Sovereignty

Answer – Sometimes this term Sovereignty is used interchangeably with the term independence. But sovereignty is a legal term while independence is a political term. It means that the country is legally sovereign with its own independent constitution. For example, India became politically independent in 1947 but it became a sovereign State in 1950 after the constitution came into effect.

(b) Government

Answer –  Every sovereign state must have a government. The government must be sovereign and independent. For example, when India was a British colony, there was a Government of India. But it was not a sovereign independent government. Therefore prior to independence India was not a State. Institutions of the State are ‘Public’ institutions. These Public institutions include various organs of the government like the Executive, Legislature, Judiciary, Bureaucracy, etc. Public institutions are responsible for making policies, laws, taking decisions and implementing them. We have to make a distinction between these Public institutions and Private institutions. Private institutions belong to the civil society. These include private businesses, clubs, etc. It is the public institutions that have legitimacy to act on behalf of the State.

(c) Population

Answer – A State cannot exist without people. This population can have any amount of diversity in terms of language, religion, culture, ethnicity, etc. Thus, a ‘State’ can comprise of many ‘nations’. For example, the Soviet Union had people of many nationalities like Russians, Lithuanians, Latvians, Estonians, Ukrainians, etc.  Similarly, the United Kingdom consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

(d) Territory

Answer – Territory  refers to the geographic boundaries of a state. A state must have a specific territory. The areas of the State within which the State has the authority to govern is called jurisdiction. Jurisdiction is the legal power that the State has to take decisions.

 

Here is your solution of Maharashtra Class 11 Political Science Chapter 1 The State.

Dear Student, I appreciate your efforts and hard work that you all had put in. Thank you for being concerned with us and I wish you for your continued success.

 

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Updated: October 21, 2022 — 2:09 pm

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