Maharashtra Board Class 11 History Solution Chapter 14 – Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdom
Balbharati Maharashtra Board Class 11 History Solution Chapter 14: Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdom. Marathi or English Medium Students of Class 11 get here Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdom full Exercise Solution.
Std |
Maharashtra Class 11 |
Subject |
History |
Chapter |
14 |
Chapter name |
Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdom |
Q.1.) (A) Choose the correct alternative and write the complete sentences.
(1) The royal poet in the court of Balban was …………..
(a) Al-Beruni (b) Tuli
(c) Amir Khusrow (d) Husen Shah Sharukhi
Answer – The royal poet in the court of Balban was (c) Amir Khusrow.
(2) The first ruler who built the buildings in Indo-Islamic style of architecture was …….
(a) Ferozshah Tughluq (b) Qutubuddin Aibak
(c) Alauddin Khalji (d) Akbar
Answer – The first ruler who built the buildings in Indo-Islamic style of architecture was (b) Qutubuddin Aibak
(B) Find the incorrect pair from set B and write the correct ones.
Set ‘A’ |
Set ‘B’ |
(1) Rajasthan |
Chauhans |
(2) Kanauj |
Patiharas |
(3) Bundelkhand |
Chandellas |
(4) Tripuri |
Paramars |
Answer – The incorrect pair is
(4) Tripuri —————- Paramars
The correct pair would be
(4) Tripuri —————- Kalachuris
Q.2 Complete the following concept map.
Q.3 Explain the statements with reasons.
(1) The Arab rule did not expand in India
Answer – Muhammad bin Qasim of Ummayad dynasty attacked Sindh in the year 712 C.E. He conquered the entire region from Sindh to Multan. After Muhammad bin Qasim, the Arabs rule in India grew instable. In India, the Islamic rule was established by the Turks. They attacked India several times. None of the rulers in India could successfully resist them. The Turks looted enormous wealth from India. Many kingdoms were destroyed and Islamic rule was established. In the 11th century, Sultan Sabuktigin of Ghazni in Afghanistan attacked King Jaipal of Punjab. His kingdom was spread from Hindukush mountains to the river Chenab. After the death of Sabuktgin, his son Mahmud became the Sultan of Ghazni. He invaded India for seventeen times (1001 to 1018 CE) with the aim of looting and spreading Islam.
After Mahmud of Ghazni, the series of invasions of Muhammad Ghuri on India began. He was very ambitious. Along with looting India, his main intention was to establish his rule in India. The Rajput king Prithviraj Chauhan opposed him. Two wars were fought between the two rulers. They are known as ‘Battles of Tarain’. Prithviraj Chauhan was defeated in the Second battle of Tarain. After this defeat there was no such powerful king who could hold the Rajputs together. Muhammad Ghuri succeeded in establishing the Turkish Empire from Sindh to Bengal. The Indian rulers could be defeated easily by the Turkish invaders because of internal dissent, lack of centralised power, lack of unity, lack of a standing army in addition to the cruel and aggressive war strategies of the invaders. Muhammed Ghuri appointed one of his slaves, Qutubuddin Aibak to administer the province of Delhi and surrounding regions. After the death of Muhammad Ghuri, Qutubuddin Aibak became the first Sultan of Delhi. He is the founder of the ‘Slave Dynasty’.
(2) The Rajput rulers had to accept defeat in front of the Turkish invaders.
Answer – After Mahmud of Ghazni, the series of invasions of Muhammad Ghuri on India began. He was very ambitious. Along with looting India, his main intention was to establish his rule in India.
The Rajput king Prithviraj Chauhan opposed him. Two wars were fought between the two rulers. They are known as ‘Battles of Tarain’. Prithviraj Chauhan was defeated in the Second battle of Tarain. After this defeat there was no such powerful king who could hold the Rajputs together. Muhammad Ghuri succeeded in establishing the Turkish Empire from Sindh to Bengal.
The Indian rulers could be defeated easily by the Turkish invaders because of internal dissent, lack of centralised power, lack of unity, lack of a standing army in addition to the cruel and aggressive war strategies of the invaders. Muhammed Ghuri appointed one of his slaves, Qutubuddin Aibak to administer the province of Delhi and surrounding regions. After the death of Muhammad Ghuri, Qutubuddin Aibak became the first Sultan of Delhi. He is the founder of the ‘Slave Dynasty’
Q.4 State your opinion.
The textile industry flourished during the Sultanate rule.
Answer – Along with agriculture, textile industry also flourished on large scale. Delhi, Agra, Lahore, Multan, Banaras, Patna, Khambayat, Burhanpur, Devgiri were the main centres of textile industry during this period. The cotton cloth was exported on a large scale from Bengal to Gujarat. The textile exports included muslin, linen cloth, satin and jari cloth. During this period, the textile dyeing industry gained importance. Golconda, Ahmedabad, Dhaka, etc. were the centres of this industry.
During this period various other industries also flourished such as metal industry, sugar industry, leather works etc. The manufacturing of paper began during this period. Paper was made out of rags and tree barks. Paper manufacturing was carried out in the regions of Kashmir, Siyalkot, Delhi, Gaya, Bihar, Bengal and Gujarat. During the Sultanate rule, there was an increase in the internal trade of India. The local markets operated through weekly markets (Bazaar) and market places (Mandi / Mandai). There was rise of new trade centres (Peth) due to continuously expanding transactions of trading. The Indian as well as foreign traders picked up their goods from the trading centres at Delhi, Multan, Jaunpur, Banaras, Agra, Patna etc.
The goods were further transported to various ports via land or river ways. From there it was sent by sea route to countries like Iran, Arabia, China etc. The goods mainly included cotton cloth, muslin, dyed cloth, scented oils, indigo, sugar, cotton, dry ginger etc. Horses were imported to India from Iraq, Turkey and Iran. Semi precious stones, mercury, lead, alum, saffron, metals like gold and silver were imported from Mecca and Aden.
Amir Khusrow was a well-known poet and scholar who composed poetry in the Persian language. He spent his life in the court of Sultan Balban in Delhi. While describing the muslin of Dhaka, he says, “… Muslin is so fine that even if hundred yards are tied around the head, one could still see the hair.” He says further, “Hundred yards of muslin can pass through the hole of a needle, but the same needle cannot make a hole in the cloth.” This shows the finesse of craftsmanship of those days.
Q.5 Write short notes –
(1) Khyber Pass
Answer – One needs to cross Hindukush to enter Pakistan from Afghanistan. This route goes across Khyber Pass. This pass has proved to be very important in Indian history. During ancient period, the trade between India and Central Asia was carried via this pass. After the Persian Emperor Darius, Alexander came, to India, via this pass. During mediaeval period Mahmud Ghazni, Babur, Nadir Shah, and Ahmed Shah Abdali also came to India via this pass.
In the 20th century the British built a railway line with its last destination at a place called ‘Jamrud’ near Peshawar in Pakistan. Jamrud is the doorway of Khyber pass. This railway track runs about 52 kilometers. There are 34 tunnels and 92 small and big bridges on it.
(2) Coins during Sultanate period
Answer – During the Sultanate period there were major changes in coinage system. Instead of images of deities on the coins, the names of the Khalifa and the Sultan were inscribed on the coins. Details regarding the year of issue, place of minting etc. were inscribed on it in the Arabic script. ‘Tola’ came to be considered as a standard unit for the weight of the coin
Q.6 Answer the following question with the help of given points.
Write down the information about the invasion of Alauddin Khalji on Yadavas of Devgiri with the help of points given below.
(a) Reasons of invasion
Answer – After the end of the slave dynasty, the Khalji dynasty came to power. Alauddin Khalji attacked Yadavas of Devgiri and collected enormous wealth. Devgiri was a prosperous city in the South. King Ramadevarai Yadava was ruling over Devgiri. Alauddin attacked Devgiri in 1296 C.E. In face of the sudden attack Ramadevarai took shelter in the fort of Devgiri (Daulatabad). Alauddin seized the fort. He plundered the city. There was an acute shortage of food in the fort. Finally Ramadevarai had to sign a treaty with him. Alauddin conquered nearby provinces of Devgiri as well and collected a large booty as part of the treaty.
(b) Invasion and events
Answer – Alauddin attacked Devgiri in 1296 C.E. In face of the sudden attack Ramadevarai took shelter in the fort of Devgiri (Daulatabad). Alauddin seized the fort. He plundered the city. There was an acute shortage of food in the fort. Finally
Ramadevarai had to sign a treaty with him. Alauddin conquered nearby provinces of Devgiri as well and collected a large booty as part of the treaty.
During 1312 C.E., Alauddin once again turned his attention towards south as Ramdevrai, the ruler of Devgiri had stopped paying the tribute to Alauddin for some time. Alauddin sent his Commander, Malik Kafur, to South. There were political and economic reasons behind this campaign. The most important reason was to subdue the Yadavas and to collect tribute from them. Alauddin had increased his army in size. He was the first Sultan to set up a permanent standing army on a large scale. He devised some new economic reforms for controlling the market prices. These new measures created a heavy strain over the state treasury.
(c) Effects of invasion
Answer – Alauddin had increased his army in size. He was the first Sultan to set up a permanent standing army on a large scale. He devised some new economic reforms for controlling the market prices. These new measures created a heavy strain over the state treasury. It was also necessary to keep the newly increased army and its officers busy by planning new campaigns. All these factors were responsible for his campaign in the South.
After the Khalji dynasty, the Tughluq dynasty ruled Delhi. In this dynasty, the reign of Muhammad-bin-Tughluq proved to be important. The shifting of the capital to Devgiri and changes in the coinage system proved to be the major reasons for his failure.
He was the first Sultan to issue copper coins. As a policy matter, perhaps Muhmmad-bin- Tughluq was right in his decisions. However, when it came to the implementation of those policies he overlooked the ground realities such as transport and communication, adverse effect on the trade and resultant unrest among the subjects, this decision became unsuccessful and he again shifted the capital back to Delhi. The prestige of the Sultan and the kingdom declined due to his erroneous decision.
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