Maharashtra Board Class 11 History Solution Chapter 11 – Kingdoms in South India
Balbharati Maharashtra Board Class 11 History Solution Chapter 11: Kingdoms in South India. Marathi or English Medium Students of Class 11 get here Kingdoms in South India full Exercise Solution.
Std |
Maharashtra Class 11 |
Subject |
History |
Chapter |
11 |
Chapter name |
Kingdoms in South India |
Q.1 (A) Choose the correct alternative and write the complete sentences.
(1) The name of the well-known king of Vakataka dynasty was ………………..
(a) Sarvasena (b) Pravarasena
(c) Jaising (d) Chandragupta
Answer – The name of the well-known king of Vakataka dynasty was (b) Pravarasena
(2) After the conquest in South, Pulakeshin II took up the title of……………………….
(a) Parameshwara (b) Vishayapati
(c) Deshadhipati (d) Satyajay
Answer – After the conquest in South, Pulakeshin II took up the title of (a) Parameshwara
(3) Kalidasa composed ………………………………at Ramtek near Nagpur.
(a) Shakuntal (b) Meghdoot
(c) Malavikagnimitra (d) Harivijay
Answer – Kalidasa composed (b) Meghdoot at Ramtek near Nagpur.
(4) The world famous Kailasa temple was built during the …………………..period.
(a) Chalukya (b) Pallava
(c) Cher (d) Rashtrakuta
Answer – The world famous Kailasa temple was built during the (d) Rashtrakuta period.
(B) Find the incorrect pair from set B and write the correct ones.
Set ‘A |
Set ‘B’ |
(1) Setubandh | Panini |
(2) Harivijay | Sarvasena |
(3) Indica | Megasthenes |
(4) Sangit Ratnakar | Sharangdev |
Answer – The incorrect pair is
(1) Setubandh Panini
The correct pair would be
(1) Setubandh Pravasena II
Q.2 Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) A strong rule of the Chalukyas was created in south India
Answer – During the rule of Harshavardhan in North India, the Chalukya dynasty ruled in the south for approximately 200 years.
Jaising was the founder of this dynasty. In the beginning of 6th century C.E. he established his capital at Vatapi (Badami).
His grandson Pulakeshi I was the first important king of the Chalukyas. He built the fort of Badami. He performed the Ashwamedha sacrifice and took up the title of ‘Maharaja’. He also took titles like ‘Prithvivallabha’ and ‘Satyashraya’.
After Pulakeshi I, his son Kirtivarman I came to power. During his reign, he conquered the Kadambas of Vanvasi (Karwar) and Mauryas of Aparanta (North Konkan) and expanded his rule. Kirtivarman was a patron of art. The beautiful caves at Badami were created by him.
Pulakeshi II was the greatest king of the Chalukyan dynasty. He performed the Digvijaya and strengthened the power of Chalukyas. His achievements are described in the eulogy (prashasti) composed by poet Ravikirti. He defeated the Kadamba kings, Maurya, Nala, Kalchuri, Rashtrakuta, Lat, Malav and Gurjara dynasties and established the Chalukyan rule over Vidarbha and other parts of Maharashtra and Karnataka. The expedition of Harshavardhan to conquer the southern states was resisted by Pulakeshi II. He defeated Harshavardhan thereby acquiring great fame. After his victory he took up the title Parameshwara’. With the conquest in south, his empire extended from Narmada to Kaveri and from east coast to the west coast. His fame had reached beyond India as well. During this period Badshah Khosrow Parvez ruled in Iran. It is said that he had sent his ambassador to the court of Emperor Pulakeshi. The Pallavas of Kanchi defeated Pulkeshi II.
Vikramaditya, the son of Pulakeshi II, in turn defeated the Pallavas. The struggle between Chalukyas and Pallavas continued over prolonged period of time. The last king of Chalukyas, Kirtivarman, was defeated by the Rashtrakuta king Dantidurg.
(2) Yadava period has a special importance in the history of Maharashtra.
Answer – Yadava dynasty is one of the important dynasties of mediaeval Maharashtra. Bhillam V (1185-93 C.E.) was the important king of the Yadava dynasty. He expanded the kingdom by defeating the Kalachuris. He established his capital at Devgiri and got himself coronated. In the later period Singhan was an important ruler of this dynasty. He defeated the Hoysalas, Shilaharas and expanded the rule of Yadavas. In 1294 C.E. Alauddin Khalji attacked south India. Ramadeva, the Yadava king was defeated by Khalji. From here onwards the Yadava rule began to decline. In 1307 C.E. Alauddin sent his commander Malik Kafur to carry out a campaign over Devgiri. He defeated the Yadavas. Yadavas accepted a feudatory status to Delhi. In 1310 C.E. Yadava king Shankardev was killed by Malik Kafur. In 1318 C.E. the rule of Yadavas was brought to an end by the Delhi Sultanate.
The Yadava period has a special importance in the history of Maharashtra. During this period there was notable development in the cultural sphere of Maharashtra. The Mahanubhav and Warkari sects had a beginning in the Yadava period. During this period, Patan in Khandesh, Solotagi in Karnataka and Paithan in Maharashtra had become important learning centres. During the same period, Sanskrit texts were written on subjects like Dharmashastra, ‘Purva Mimansa’ (philosophical text), Nyaya and Vedanta. The critical work on Yajnyavalkya by Aparark, ‘Chaturvargachintamani’ are among the important Sanskrit texts. ‘Sangitaratnakara’, text based on Indian music, by Sharangdev is considered relevant even today. ‘Lilacharitra’ written by Mhamimbhatta of the Mahanubhava sect, ‘Viveksindhu’ by Mukundaraj, ‘Bhavarthdipika’ Dnyaneshwari by sant Dnyaneshwar belong to this period. Similarly the composition of saint poets like Namadeva, Janabai, Chokhoba of the Varakari sect composed poems, which are known as ‘Abhangas’. Many temples were built in this period. They are generally referred to as ‘Hemadpanti’ temples. The Gondeshwar temple at Sinnar and the temple complex at Anjaneri are the finest example among the temples built during this period. An important feature of the Hemadpanti temples is that no mortar is used. Instead the stones are interlocked with the help of mortise and tenon. During this period, the crucial forts of Ankai and Tankai Near Nasik were constructed.
Q.3 Write short notes.
(1) Administrative system in South India
Answer – In the administrative systems of South Indian dynasties there were officials such as ‘Mahadandanayaka’, ‘Rashtrika’, ‘Deshadhikruta’, ‘Amatya’, ‘Ayukta’, etc.
The council of officers in the Chola kingdom was called ‘Udankuttam’. The kingdom was divided into many provinces. These provinces were known as ‘Mandalam’. A member of the royal family was the chief of the Mandalam. There were many officers under him such as ‘Vishayapati’, ‘Deshadhipati’, ‘Deshadhikrut’, ‘Rashtrika’, etc. The administration of the Southern kingdoms was very efficient. Every order issued related to state affairs recorded down and no action was taken unless authenticated by the concerned officer. Village autonomy was an important feature of the state administration in South India. The ‘Gramasabha’ (village council) looked after the entire administration of the village. The head of the Gramasabha was known by different names such as ‘Gramabhojaka’, ‘Gramakuta’ etc. head of the Gramasabha was elected by the villagers or sometimes appointed by the king. A council similar to Gramsabha functioned at district and provincial level. Land revenue was the main source of income for the state. Apart from it the excise tax, professional tax, pilgrimage tax were the sources of income. In the kingdom of Cholas, Pandyas, Cheras, Vakatakas, Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Pallavas, Shilaharas and Yadavas many professions requiring specialised skills were practiced. Ivory was obtained from the Malayagiri jungle. The Cholamandalam provinces were well-known for excellent quality textiles. Plain and coloured cotton cloth as well as silk clothes was produced in this province. In the Chera kingdom was known the fine cloth produced there. It was one of the important commodities in the Indo-Roman trade. It is mentioned in the travel accounts of Marco Polo. The trade and industries in South India flourished during this period. Cities like Paithan, Tagar (Ter), Nashik etc. flourished because of it. The goods produced in rural areas were brought for sale in the cities. The market place used to be located in the centre of the city. The merchant guilds (Shreni) in South India played an important role in trade and the social system.
(2) Coins in South Indian dynasties
Answer – During the Mauryan period the Maurya coins were in circulation in South India. After the decline of Mauryas the Pandya kings issued their own punch marked coins. The images like sun, horse, stupa, tree, fish were carved on it. On the Chera coins, there used to be bow and arrow on one side and image of an elephant on the other. On the Chola coins the symbol of tiger as the royal emblem of Cholas is depicted. The Chola coins were made of gold, silver and the legends on it was inscribed in Devnagari script. The coins belonging to Chalukya king Rajaraja are issued in three metalsgold, silver and copper, with the image of Rajaraja and a tiger. Due to the trade with Rome, many Roman coins are found in this area. It is seen that the seals of Indian rulers are reprinted on these coins and again brought into circulation.
Q.4 Answer the following question in brief with the help of points given below.
Describe the rule of Shilahara dynasty.
(a) Founder
Answer – There were three branches of this dynasty – Shilaharas of south Konkan, north Konkan and Kolhapur. They called themselves as ‘Tagarapuradhishwar’ (Tagar- Ter, Osmanabad district). Jimutvahan is considered as the founder of all the three branches. They ruled for almost three hundred years as the feudatories of Rashtrakutas and later the Chalukyas.
(b) Shilahara of south Kokan
Answer – ‘Sanafulla’ established the south Kokan branch of Shilaharas. His son, Dhammiyar set up the village of Vallipattana and built a fort there. Later King Adityavarma expanded his kingdom from Thane to Goa. Rattaraj was the last ruler of this dynasty. The history of this dynasty is known with the help of one of the copper plates found at Kharepatan.
(c) Shilaharas of north Kokan
Answer – Kapardi established the north Kokan branch of Shilaharas. Rulers of this branch were initially the feudatories of the Rashtrakutas. Their capital was at Sthanak (Thane). Aparajita was another important king of this branch. He ruled for around thirty five years. Chittaraj followed Aparajita as king. His brothers fought for their claim to the throne. Taking advantage of this, the Shilaharas of Kolhapur and Kadambas captured some of the regions in North Konkan. Mummuni, brother of Chhittaraj, built the huge temple of ‘Amreshwar Mahadev’ at Ambarnath. This is considered as the beginning of the Bhoomija style of temple architecture in Maharashtra.
(d) Shilaharas of Kolhapur
Answer – The modern districts of Satara, Sangli, Ratnagiri, and Belgaum were
included in this kingdom. Jatiga established the Kolhapur branch of Shilaharas. Bhoj II was the important king of this dynasty. The cities of Kolhapur, Valivade and Panhala were the capitals of this kingdom. The Shilaharas of Kolhapur are credited with the creation of the magnificent ‘Koppeshwar Mahadev’ temple at Khidrapur.
Here is your solution of Maharashtra Class 11 History Chapter 11 Kingdoms in South India.
Dear Student, I appreciate your efforts and hard work that you all had put in. Thank you for being concerned with us and I wish you for your continued success.
For more solution, See below ⇓