Maharashtra Board Class 10 Science Part – 1 Solution Chapter 9 – Carbon Compounds
Balbharati Maharashtra Board Class 10 Science Part – 1 Solution Chapter 9: Carbon Compounds. Marathi or English Medium Students of Class 10 get here Carbon Compounds full Exercise Solution.
| Std | Maharashtra Class 10 |
| Subject | Science Part – 1 Solution |
| Chapter | Carbon Compounds |
2) Draw an electron dot structure of the following molecules. (Without showing the circles)
a) Methane
b) Ethene
c) Methanol
d.) Water.
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3) Draw all possible structural formulae of compounds from their molecular formula given below.
a.) C3H8. b.) C4H10. c). C3H4.
Ans:
4.) Explain the following terms with example.
a) Structural isomerism.
Ans: – The compounds which have same molecular formula but different structure that compounds show structural isomerism.
Example: –
b.) Covalent bond.
Ans: – By sharing the electron pair between them different molecules when formed a compounds by covalent bond. Example: –
c.) Hetero atom in a carbon compound.
Ans: – Replacing the carbon molecules in back bone of the molecular structure which carbon compound is formed is known as a hetero atom.
d.) Functional group.
Ans: – The group which are attached to an atoms and defined the chemical property of the atom as well as it participates in the chemical reaction this group is known as functional group. Example: – In alkane -c-c- functional group are present.
e.) Alkane.
Ans: – By sharing one electron pair to a carbon atom alkane are formed, it is a saturated hydrocarbon. Its general formula is CnH2n+2. Example: – CH4.
f.) Unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Ans: – There present at least one double or triple bond in an unsaturated hydrocarbon. Different types of alkene and alkyne are the example of unsaturated hydrocarbon. Example: – C2H2.
g.) Homopolymer.
Ans: – When a same types of polymer make a compounds which is known as homopolymer. There is various example of homopolymer present days like polyethylene, PVC etc.
h.) Monomer.
Ans: – The basic unite of polymer is known as the monomer. It is known as the building block of a compounds. Example: _ styrene.
i.) Reduction.
Ans: – In a reaction when hydrogen gain or oxygen looses this reaction is known as the reduction reaction. Example: – C2H4 –(H2/Ni, Pt) –> C2H6.
j.) Oxidant.
Ans: – In a reaction when hydrogen is losing or oxygen gain then this types of reaction is known as oxidation reaction. Example: – CuO + H2 —> Cu + H2O.
5) Write the IUPAC names of the following structural formulae.
a.) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
Ans: – Butane.
c.) CH3-CH2-COOH.
Ans: – Propanoic acid.
d.) CH3-CH2-NH2.
Ans: – Ethane 1 amine.
e) CH3-CHO
Ans: – Ethanal.
f) CH3-CO-CH2-CH3
Ans: – Butanone.
6.) Identify the type of the following reaction of carbon compounds.
a.) CH3-CH2-CH2-OH —-> CH3-CH2-COOH
Ans: – This is an oxidation reaction. catalyst is KMnO4.
b.) CH3-CH2-CH3 —-> 3CO2 + 4 H2O
Ans: – This is a combustion reaction.
c.) CH3-CH= CH -CH3 + Br2 —-> CH3-CHBr – CHBr -CH3 .(Ans: – this is an addition reaction)
d.) CH3-CH3 + Cl2 —-> CH3-CH2-Cl + HCl. (This is a substitution reaction)
e.) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH —-> CH3-CH2-CH=CH2+ H2O . (This is a Dehydration reaction)
f.) CH3-CH2-COOH + NaOH —-> CH3-CH2-COO-Na+ + H2O.( Ans: – This is a neutralization reaction)
g.) CH3-COOH + CH3-CH3-OH —-> CH3-COO- CH3+ H2O. ( This is a esterification reaction).
7.) Write structural formulae for the following IUPAC names.
a.) pentan -2-one
b.) 2- chlorobutane
c.) propan – 2- ol
d.) methanal
e.) butanoic acid
f.) 1- bromopropane
g.) ethanamine h. Butanone.
Ans: –
8.) Write answers as directed.
a.) What causes the existence of very large number of carbon compound?
Ans: – Almost every organic compounds in our nature is a carbon compound. Carbon has valency of 4 that mean it can be form by sharing its valence electron to another four atom of carbon. So by this way very long chain carbon compounds will form or different short compounds are formed. And we see the existence of carbon compound everywhere.
b.) Saturated hydrocarbons are classified into three types. Write these names giving one example each.
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c.) Give any four functional groups containing oxygen as the heteroatom in it. Write name and structural formula of one example each.
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d.) Give names of three functional groups containing three different hetero atoms. Write name and structural formula of one example each.
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e.) Give names of three natural polymers. Write the place of their occurrence and names of monomers from which they are formed.
Ans: – The three nature polymer are polysaccharides, cellulose, DNA. And their monomers are – polysaccharides: -Glucose; Cellulose: -Glucose; DNA: -Nucleotide.
f.) What is meant by vinegar and gasohol? What are their uses?
Ans: –Vinegar: -Fermentation of ethanol with ethanoic acid in present of bacteria vinegar is made. CH3CH2OH + O2 —> CH3COOH + H2O.
Vinegar is used as storage food or pickle.
Gasohol: – 90% of gasoline and 10% of ethyl alcohol mixture is known as gasohol. Now a day in fuel alternative it is used.
g.) What is a catalyst? Write any one reaction which is brought about by use of catalyst?
Ans: – Catalyst is substance which is remain unchanged after any reaction. It just increases the speed of the reaction by participating.
Example: -when ethane is passes through the water(steam) in the presence of phosphoric acid it produces ethanol. Here phosphoric acid remains unchanged like a catalyst it just speeds up the reaction.
Here is your solution of Maharashtra Board Class 10 Science Part – 1 Chapter 9 Carbon Compounds
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