Lakhmir Singh Manjit Kaur Class 8 Science 7th Chapter Conservation Of Plants And Animals Solutions

Lakhmir Singh and Manjit Kaur Science solution: Conservation Of Plants And Animals Chapter 7. Here you get easy solutions of Lakhmir Singh and Manjit Kaur Science solution Chapter 7. Here we give Chapter 7 all solution of Class 8. Its help you to complete your homework.

Board – CBSE

Text Book – SCIENCE

Class – 8

Chapter – 7

VERY SHORT ANSWER  TYPE QUESTIONS Answers:

(1) (a) carbon dioxide, (b) Carbon dioxide

(2) Biodiversity.

(3)  Biosphere.

(4)  Biosphere Reserve, Wildlife Sanctuaries and national parks

(5) Bori sanctuary, satpura national park

(6) Black Buck,  White-eyed  buck, Elephant, golden cat, Pink-headed duck.

(7) To protect flora and fauna, landscape, Historic objects etc.

(8) Satpura national park.

(9) Rock shelter and rock painting

(10) Wild buffalo  and Barasingha are vanished and Tiger and Gaur is still found in satpura national park.

(12) Red Data Book

(13) Flying Squirrel, Indian Giant squirrel,   Barasingha, Black Buck, Himalayan Musk Deer.

(15) Old newspaper, Magazine, Books

(16) 17 trees.

(17) To save forest trees from being cut down.

(18)  (a. carbon dioxide (b. endemic (c. wildlife sanctuary (d. Pachmarhi (e. endangered (f. Climatic (g. species (h. five;seven

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS ANSWERS   

(19) The cutting down of forest trees over a wide is called Deforestation.

The various causes are of deforestation are –

(i) the forest trees are cut down to obtain wood for using as fuel.

(ii) The forest trees are cut down to obtain wood for making paper.

(20) The consequences of deforestation are the result for destruction of forest trees by excessive cutting down.

(21) The process  by which fertile land becomes desert is called desertification

Deforestation is the one human activity are the cause of desertification.

(22) The top layer  of soil is the most fertile. The removal of top layer of soil during soil erosion, exposes the lower , hard  and rocky layer of soil. Plants do not grow well in this less fertile soil. Gradually, The fertile land gets converted into deserts leading to deforestation.

(23) The gradual increase in the over-soil temperature of  earth’s  atmosphere due to greenhouse effect cause by the increased level of carbon di oxide in the atmosphere is called global warming.

The name of the  gas is CO₂

(24) When the forest trees are cutdown then the less number of trees put less water vapour into atmosphere through transpiration. Since less water vapour is put into the atmosphere, there is less rainfall in that area.

Deforestation lead to flood because the following reason are:-

i) Percolation of rainwater into the soil is reduced.

ii) Soil eroded by rainwater deposit on the river bed and decreases its water carrying capacity.

(25)  Biosphere is  that part of the earth in which living  organisms exits. Biosphere includes land surface of the earth, atmosphere of the earth, as well as water bodies on the earth.

(26) Bio – Diversity:- It refers to a variety of organism found in a particular area or habitat.

Eco – System:- Eco system is a system which includes all the living organisms of an area and the physical environment in which they live.

(27) First of all ecological balance of mature is destroyed as well as endangered species becomes extinct.

(28) The Purposes of biosphere reserves  are : Help in the conservation of wildlife of the area.

Wildlife sanctuary : for  protect and preserve the some rare animals.

National parks : to protect relatively  large area of scenic beauty, historical places etc.

(29) Biosphere reserve is a large, protected area of land meant for the conservation of wild-life, Bio-Diversity and the traditional lifestyle of the tribal people living in the area.

(30) The plants that grow naturally in a particular are  called FLORA

The Animals which live naturally in a particular area are called FAUNA

FLORA :  Teak, Jamun

FAUNA : Wolf, Leopard

(31)

• Sal : Flora
• Arjun : Flora
• Cheetal : Fauna
• Teak : Flora
• Leopard : Fauna
• Fern : Flora
• Blue bull : Fauna
• Barking Deer : Fauna
• Mango : Flora
• Wolf : Fauna

(32) The difference between Flora & Fauna are following-

FLORA	FAUNA
The plants grow naturally in a particular area	Animals where live pe acefully in a  particular  area.
Examples : Teak,  Jamun	Example  : Wolf, Leopard.

(33) A species is a group of same kind of organisms which can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

Five examples of species are :

• Human
• Tiger
• Dog
• Cat
• Cow

(34) Endemic species are those species which are found exclusively in a particular area.

Examples are:-

Plants:- Sal and Wild Mango.

Animals:- Giant Squirrel and Flying Squirrel.

(35)  Two man-made causes of deforestation are : trees cut down to obtain wood for using as fuel, cut down trees to obtain wood for making  doors.

Two  natural causes of deforestation are : Forest fires and severe droughts

(36) A wildlife sanctuary is a protected area of land which is created for the protection of wild animals in their natural environment like forests.

Two wildlife sanctuaries of India and their locations are :

• Sanjay Gandhi wildlife sanctuary located in Maharashta.
• Mudumalai wildlife sanctuary located in Tamilnadu.

(37) Two bird sanctuaries in India are :

• Bharatpur bird sanctuary (Rajasthan)
• Sultanpur bird sanctuary (Haryana)

(38) The difference between Biosphere Reserve & Wildlife Sanctuary are following:-

BIOSPHERE RESERVE	WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
A  biosphere reserve is spread over   a very large area of land.	A  wildlife sanctuary occupies  a comparatively smaller area of land.
Tribals form an integral part of a   biosphere reserve.	Local  people or  tribal   do not  form an  integral party of a wildlife sanctuary
The human activities such as cultivation of land and  building  are allowed in the outermost zone of a biosphere reserve.	The human activities are not allowed in a  wildlife sanctuary

(39) The difference between Wildlife Sanctuary and Zoo are following-

WILDLIFE SANCTUARY	ZOO
The wild animals and birds live in  natural habitat in the forest.	The wi ld animals and birds liv e I n a artificial settings such as cages and enclosures.
A wildlife sanctuary contains wild animals and birds found locally	Wild animals and birds brought from the different parts of the country
Wild animals and birds are very comfortable in the natural  environment.	Wild animals and birds are not comfortable in a  zoo

(40)  A National park is a relatively large area of scenic beauty protected  and maintained by the Government of preserve flora and fauna, landscape, historic object of the area and places of scientific interest.

Two  national parks of India and their locations are :

• Corbett national park (Uttarakhand)
• Sunder bans national Park (West Bengal)

(41) The difference between Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park are following:-

WILDLIFE SANCTUARY	NATIONAL PARK
A wildlife sanctuary may or may not be an area of great scenic beauty.	A national park is an great scenic beauty.
A wildlife sanctuary protects and preserves the wild animals in their natural environment.	A national park protects a nd preserves wild animals and their environment as well as the scenic beauty, historical objects
A wildlife sanctuary usually does not allow easy access to the visitors.	A national park allows easy access for the visitors to the la nd and wildlife inside it.

(42) The rock paintings found in  the rock shelters of satpura national park is the evidence of pre-historic human lives in that jungle.

(43) Project Tiger is a wildlife is a wildlife conservation project which was launched by the government of India in 1972 to  protect the tigers in the country.

The observation of this project was to ensure the survival and maintenance of the tiger population in specially constituted tiger reserve throughout India.

(44) The protected forest are not completely safe for wild animals because people living in the neighbourhood encroach upon them and destroyed them and wildlife present in them to make some quick money.

(45) The species which no longer exist anywhere on the earth are called extinct species.

Example : Dinosaur, Dodo

(46) The species which are facing the risk of extinction are called endangered species

Example : Tiger, Snow leopard.

(47) The difference between Extinct Species and Endangered Species are following-

EXTINCT SPECIES	ENDANGERED  SPECIES
The species which no longer exist anywhere on the earth are called extinct species	The species which are facing the risk of extinction are called endangered species
Example  : Dinosaur, Dodo	Example : Tiger, Snow leopard

(49) Red Data Book is the book which keeps  a record of all the endangered animals, plants and other species.

(50) The advantage of maintaining of red data book is that we come to know which species of animal, plants etc. are very small in number and facing the danger of extinction so that timely remedial steps can be taken by the authorities concerned to prevent their extinction.

(51) The Process of a bird  moving from one place to another according to the season is called migration.

(52) Migration of birds means is an adaption to escape the harsh and cold conditions of their normal habitat in winter so as to survive.

The purpose of migration of a bird is to survive by escaping the extremely cold condition of natural habitat and also for breeding.

(53) The birds which move from very cold regions to warmer regions in winter and go  back after  the  winter are called  migratory birds.

Siberian crane is the most common migratory bird which comes to India every year  in summer.

(54) Siberian crane  came in Bharatpur in Rajasthan every year, this is because to escape the extreme cold of the natural habitat in winter.

(55) We can be done to retain our ‘green wealth’ with Reforestation for the future generation.

(56) The planting of trees in an area in which forests were destroyed is called reforestation.

The advantages of reforestation are:-

(i) Reforestation produces large quantity for industry, timber trade etc.

(ii) Reforestation will lead to decrease in global warming by reducing the amount of Carbon Di Oxide gas in air.

(57) The preservation and conservation of natural forests and at the same time meeting the basic needs of the people living in or near the forests are the aims of the ‘Forest conservation Act’ in India.

(58) We should save, reuse and recycle paper because of :

• To save forest tress from being cut down.
• To save water used in paper making.
• To save energy used in making paper.

(59) If we recycle the paper, then less number of trees will be cut down and it will be helpful to conservation of forests.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS Answers

(61) (a) Wildlife means to undomesticated animal species but has come to include all organisms that grow or live wild in an area without being introduced by humans.

We should conserve forests and wildlife to preserve biodiversity to prevent endangered species from becoming extinct, and to maintain ecological balance in nature.

(b)  The various measures can be taken to conserve forests and wildlife are :

• The unauthorized feeling of forest trees for timber trade and fire-wood should be stopped immediately
• In case of government of India authorized feeling of forest tress, for every acre of forests cut down, an equal area of land should be planted with sapling of tress to make up for the loss in the long run
• The natural habitats of wild animals should be preserved by establishing conservation areas such as biosphere reserve.

(62) (a) The various purposes for the forests are cut are to make wood furniture, make papers, produce wood for fuel etc.

(b) The effect of deforestation on wild animals are following:

Deforestation can destroyed the natural habitat of wild animals and birds. These homeless wild animals fall prey to human beings and get killed. Moreover, in the absence of forest trees and plants the wild animals and birds do not get enough food and starve to death.

(63) (a) The roots of tress bind the particles of top soil together. Due to this binding of soil particles, the wind and water are not able to carry away the top soil easily. In the way, trees prevent soil erosion. The tree cover also softens the effect of heavy rains on the forest soil due to which the top soil does not become loose quickly. It is the way deforestation causes soil erosion.

(b) The roots of forest tress help in absorbing some of the rain water and make it percolate into the ground. When the forest trees are cut down, the percolation of rain water into soil is reduced then a lot of rain water from deforested soil rushes into river quickly and it causes floods.

(64) (a) The forest trees put a lot of groundwater, sucked through their roots, into the atmosphere as water vapour by the process of transpiration. This helps in bringing rain in that area. when the trees are cut down, the less number of trees put the water vapour into atmosphere. Less water vapour means less rainfall in an area.

(b) deforestation gradual increase in the over all temperature of earth’s atmosphere due to greenhouse effect caused by the increased level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is called global warming.

(65) A biosphere reserve is a large, protected area of land meant for the conservation of wildlife, biodiversity and the traditional lifestyle of the tribal people living in the area.

The two biosphere reserve are :

• Great nicober biosphere reserve ( located in Andaman and Nicober).
• Kaziranga biosphere reserve (located in Assam).

Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)

86)

A = Oxygen

B = Carbon dioxide

C = Greenhouse effect

D = Global warming

The main source of oxygen (A) is trees. Large deforestation leads to the decrease in the amount of Oxygen (A) in the atmosphere whereas the amount of carbon dioxide (B) increases. The increased amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes greenhouse effect (C) which leads to excessive heating of the earth and its atmosphere producing an undesirable phenomenon called global warming (D).

87)

X = Snake

Y = Rat

Z = Skin

Snakes are one of the most poisonous animals of the animal kingdom although not all snakes are poisonous. Snakes (X) that inhabits crop fields are commonly known as friends of the farmer. It eats up pest like rats (Y) and saves crops from damage. The snakes are killed in large numbers to obtain its skin (Z) which sells in the market at a high price.

88)

P = Endemic species

Q = Endangered species

R = Tiger

S = Extinct species

The endemic species (P) and endangered species (Q) of wild animals are found exclusively in a “particular area”. The species of tiger (R) is listed in red data book of india whereas extinct species (S) no longer exists anywhere on the earth. Dinosaurs are an example of extinct animal.

89)

There are many animal species that have gone extinct some are on the brink of extinction. We are going to describe briefly about these types of species through examples.

i) Yak, Kashmir stag, snow leopard are some of the examples of animal species that are endemic to their mountain habitats which means that these animals are only found in some particular areas.

ii) Black buck, Tiger, Kashmir stag and lion tailed macaque are examples of endangered species. These wild animals are facing the risk of getting extinct and only handful of these animals are left on the planet.

iii) Dodo and Dinosaur are examples of extinct species. These animals no longer exist on anywhere on the earth.

90)

X = Deforestation

Deforestation (X) is completely a human activity which increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This leads to a phenomenon called global warming.  Due to global warming the climate is changing all over the world which leads to problems like soil erosion which makes the soil infertile and leads to desertification. It can cause decrease in rainfall but increase in flooding of rivers. It can also affect water cycle and lead to the extinction of many wild species.

For more Chapter solution, click below

• Chapter 1) Crop Production And Management
• Chapter 2) Micro Organisms : Friend And Foe
• Chapter 3) Synthetic Fibres And Plastics
• Chapter 4) Materials : Metals And Non-Metals
• Chapter 5) Coal And Petroleum
• Chapter 6) Combustion And Flame
• Chapter 8) Cell Structure And Functions
• Chapter 9) Reproduction In Animals
• Chapter 10) Reaching The Age Of Adolescence
• Chapter 11) Force And Pressure
• Chapter 12) Friction
• Chapter 13) Sound
• Chapter 14) Chemical Effects Of Electric Current
• Chapter 15) Some Natural Phenomena
• Chapter 16) Light
• Chapter 17) Stars And The Solar System
• Chapter 18) Pollution Of Air And Water