Important Questions for Class 11 Biology 21st Chapter Neural Control and Coordination MCQ, Very Short, Short Type, Long Type
CBSE Class 11 Important Questions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 21 Neural Control and Coordination all MCQ Type, Very Short Type, Assertion Reason Type, Case Study, Short Type and Long Type Questions with Answers by Expert. Important Questions for Section A, B, C, D Class 11 Biology Chapter 21.
- MCQs
(1) Assertion: the association areas of brain are responsible for complex functions like intersensory associations, memory and communication.
Reason: large regions that are neither clearly sensory nor motor in function.
a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.
d.) If both assertion and reason are false.
(2) Assertion: Fibers of the tracts are covered with the myelin sheath, which constitute the outer part of cerebral hemisphere.
Reason: They give an opaque white appearance to the layer and, hence, is called the dark matter
a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.
d.) If both assertion and reason are false.
(3) ______________contains centers which control respiration, cardiovascular reflexes and gastric secretions.
(a) Pons
(b) Cerebellum
(c) Medulla oblongata
(d) Cerebrum
(4) The ________is the exterior layer, which is made up of dense connective tissue of eye.
(a) Sclera
(b) Cornea
(c) Choroid
Ciliary body
(5) Photoreceptor cells are not present in that region is called the
(a) macula lutea
(b) blind spot
(c) fovea
(d) vitreous chamber
(6) Assertion: the photosensitive compounds (photopigments) in the human eyes is composed of opsin (a protein) and retinal (an aldehyde of vitamin A).
Reason: The light rays in visible wavelength focused on the retina through the cornea and lens generate potentials (impulses) in rods and cones
a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.
d.) If both assertion and reason are false.
(7) Assertion: The middle ear contains three ossicles called malleus, incus and stapes which are attached to one another in a chain-like fashion.
Reason: The ear ossicles improve the efficiency with which sound waves are transmitted to the inner ear.
a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.
d.) If both assertion and reason are false.
(8) Which meninges comes in contact with the brain tissue?
(a) dura mater
(b) arachnoid layer
(c) pia mater
(d) All the above
(9) Assertion: the resting membrane gradient are maintained by the active transport of ions by the sodium-potassium pump which transports 3Na+ outwards for 2 K+ into the cell.
Reason: The electrical potential difference across the resting plasma membrane is called as the resting potential.
a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.
d.) If both assertion and reason are false.
(10) A canal in the midbrain is called
(a) cerebral aqueduct
(b) corpora quadrigemina
(c) cerebellum
(d) corpus callosum
- Answer in one sentence
Q.1) Define: coordination
Ans. The process by which two or more organs interact and complement one another’s functions is known as coordination.
Q.2) State the structure which make up a neuron.
Ans. The cell body, dendrites, and axon are the 3 structure that make up a neuron.
Q.3) Where is the mid brain located?
Ans. The midbrain is found between the hypothalamus and the pons.
Q.4) What are the components of Brain stem?
Ans. The brain stem is made up of three primary regions: the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. The brain stem connects the brain to the spinal cord.
Q.5) What are the parts of brain?
Ans. The brain is grouped into three primary sections: (i) the forebrain, (ii) the midbrain, and (iii) the hindbrain.
Q.6) What are the functions of hypothalamus?
Ans. The hypothalamus comprises a multitude of centers that regulate body temperature and the desire to eat and drink. It also contains many types of neurosecretory cells that secrete hypothalamic hormones.
- Answer in short
Q.1) Give the classification of neurons.
Ans. 1) Neurons are classified into three types based on the number of axons and dendrites:
a.) multipolar neurons have one axon and two or more dendrites and found in the cerebral cortex,
b.) bipolar neurons have one axon and one dendrite. It is found in the retina of the eye, and
c.) unipolar neurons have cell body with one axon only. It is usually found in the embryonic stage.
Q.2) What are the types is Synapses?
Ans. 1.) Synapses are connections that allow a nerve impulse to pass from one neuron to the next.
2.) The membranes of a pre-synaptic neuron and a post-synaptic neuron form a synapse, which may or may not be separated by a synaptic cleft.
3.) Electrical synapses and chemical synapses are the two types of synapses.
Q.3) Describe the Protective structure of the brain tissue.
Ans. 1.) The skull provides excellent protection for the human brain.
2.) The brain is protected inside the skull by cranial meninges.
3.)Meninges are made up of three layers: an outside layer called dura mater, a very thin middle layer called arachnoid, and an interior layer called pia mater which is in contact with the brain tissue.
Q.4) What is reflex action?
Ans. 1.) A reflex action is the complete process of responding to a peripheral nerve stimulation that occurs spontaneously without conscious effort or thought, and involves a part of the central nervous system.
2.) At least one afferent (sensor) and one efferent (effector or excitor) neuron are placed in a series along the reflex pathway.
Q.5) What is visceral nervous system?
Ans. 1.) The visceral neural system is a component of the peripheral nervous system.
2.) It includes the entire network of nerves, fibers, ganglia, and plexuses through which impulses go from the central nervous system to the viscera and back.
- Answer in brief
Q.1) What in brief the PNS?
Ans. There are two types of nerve fibers in the PNS:
A) Afferent fibers and
B) efferent fibers
- Efferent nerve fibers carry regulatory impulses from the CNS to the concerned peripheral tissues/organs.
- Afferent nerve fibers transmit impulses from the CNS to the concerned peripheral tissues/organs.
- Somatic neural system and autonomic neural system are the two divisions of the PNS.
- The autonomic neural system sends impulses from the CNS to the involuntary organs and smooth muscles of the body
- The somatic neural system conveys impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles.
- The sympathetic neural system and the parasympathetic neural system are two types of autonomic neural systems.
Q.2) Explain the mechanism of human eyes?
Ans. 1.) Potentials (impulses) in rods and cones are generated by visible wavelength light rays focused on the retina through the cornea and lens.
2) The photosensitive chemicals or photopigments in human eyes are made up of opsin protein and retinal.
3) Light causes the retinal to separate from the opsin, causing changes in the opsin’s structure.
4) Membrane permeability changes as a result of this.
5) Thus, the photoreceptor cells experience potential disparities and bipolar cells create action potentials in the ganglion cells as a result of this signal.
6) The optic nerves carry these action potentials (impulses) to the visual cortex area of the brain, which analyses the neural impulses and recognizes the image generated on the retina based on previous memory and experience.
Q.3) Explain the classification of axon on the basis of myelin.
Ans. 1.) Axons are classified into two types: myelinated and nonmyelinated.
2.) Schwann cells surround myelinated nerve fibers, forming a myelin sheath surrounding the axon.
3.) Nodes of Ranvier are the spaces between two neighboring myelin sheaths.
4.) Spinal and cranial nerves contain myelinated nerve fibers.
5.) Unmyelinated nerve fibers are widely seen in autonomous and somatic neural systems and are surrounded by a Schwann cell that does not create a myelin sheath around the axon.