Important Questions Class 11 Biology Chapter 17 Breathing and Exchange of Gases for CBSE

Important Questions for Class 11 Biology 17th Chapter Breathing and Exchange of Gases MCQ, Very Short, Short Type, Long Type

CBSE Class 11 Important Questions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 17 Breathing and Exchange of Gases all MCQ Type, Very Short Type, Assertion Reason Type, Case Study, Short Type and Long Type Questions with Answers by Expert. Important Questions for Section A, B, C, D Class 11 Biology Chapter 17.

  • MCQs

(1) ASSERTION: Inspiration can occur if the pressure within the lungs (intra-pulmonary pressure) is less than the atmospheric pressure

REASON: there is a negative pressure in the lungs with respect to atmospheric pressure which allows gas to taken into the lungs

a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.

b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.

d.) If both assertion and reason are false.

(2) ASSETRION: Amphibians perform respiration through lungs

Reason: Amphibians like frogs respire through their moist skin surface

a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.

b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.

d.) If both assertion and reason are false.

(3) Assertion: In the alveoli, where there is low pO2, high pCO2, lesser H+ concentration and higher temperature

Reason: The factors are all favorable for the formation of oxyhemoglobin in tissues

a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.

b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.

d.) If both assertion and reason are false.

(4) Assertion: The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration is called Vital Capacity

Reason: The vital capacity includes RV, ERV, TV and IRV.

a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.

b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.

d.) If both assertion and reason are false.

(5) The formation of oxyhemoglobin is affected by

(a) high pO2

(b) low pCO2

(c) lesser H+ concentration

(d) All the above

(6) The function of the medulla regionof the brain called respiratory center is primarily responsible for

a) regulate inspiration
b) regulate rhythm
c) increase heart rate

d) None of the above

(7) The covering of the lungs is called

(a) Bronchiole

(b) Pleura

(c) Trachea

(d) Trachea

(8) Total lung capacity is

(a) Volume of air inspired orexpired during a normal respiration

(b) Extra volume of air, a person can inspireby a forcible inspiration

(c) Extra volume of air, a person can expireby a forcible expiration

(d) All the above

9.) Location of lungs and heart is in the

a.) Abdominal cavity

b.) Thoracic cavity

c.) cranial cavity

d.) pelvic cavity.

10.) The aquatic arthropods and molluscs breath through

a.) moist skin

b.) lungs

c.) gills

d.) moist cuticle

  • Answer in one sentence

Q.1) What is the use of spirometer?

Ans. A spirometer can be used to quantify the volume of air involved in breathing movements, which aids in the clinical assessment of pulmonary functioning.

Q.2) What is Total lung Capacity?

Ans. Total Lung Capacity (TLC) is the amount of air that can be accommodated in the lungs at the end of a forced inspiration. RV, ERV, TV, and IRV, or vital capacity + residual volume, are all included in TLC.

Q.3) Name the components of diffusion membrane ofalveoli to tissues

Ans. The thin squamous epithelium of alveoli, the endothelium of alveolar capillaries and the basement substance

Q.4) What are alveoli?

Ans. Each terminal bronchiole gives rise to a number of alveoli, which are very thin, irregular-walled, and vascularized bag-like structures.

Q.5) Define: Residual Volume.

Ans. Residual Volume (RV) is the amount of air that remains in the lungs following a forced expiration. This ranges from 1100 mL to 1200 mL on average.

  • Answer in short

Q.1) Explain the process of expiration in humans

Ans. 1.) Relaxing the diaphragm and intercostal muscles returns the diaphragm and sternum to their natural positions.

  • This also leads to lowering of the thoracic volume and thereby pulmonary volume.
  • This causes an increase in intra-pulmonary pressure to slightly over atmospheric pressure, resulting in the evacuation of air from the lungs, also known as expiration.

Q.2) What is Inspiratory and Expiratory Reserve Volume?

Ans. 1.) Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV): The extra volume of air that a person can inspire via forced inspiration. This ranges from 2500 mL to 3000 mL on average.

2.) Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV): The extra volume of air that a person can expel during forcible expiration. This ranges from 1000 mL to 1100 mL on average.

Q.3) Explain any 2 respiratory disorders in short.

Ans. 1.) Asthma is a breathing disorder characterized by whistling sound caused by inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles.

2.) Emphysema is a chronic disease in which the alveolar walls are compromised, resulting in a decrease in respiratory surface with Cigarette smoking being the leading causes.

Q.4) What is the medium of transport of gases like O2 and CO2 in humans?

Ans. 1.) The channel of transport for O2 and CO2 in the body is blood. RBCs in the blood transport around 97% of the oxygen.

2.) The remaining 3% of O2 is transported through the plasma in a dissolved condition.

3.) RBCs transport approximately 20-25 percent of CO2, while bicarbonate transports the remaining 70%.

4.) Approximately 7% of CO2 is transported in a dissolved state by plasma.

Q.5) What is the Oxygen dissociation curve?

Ans. 1.) When the percentage saturation of hemoglobin with O2 is plotted against the pO2, a sigmoid curve is formed.

2.) This curve is known as the Oxygen dissociation curve, and it is very useful in examining the effect of parameters such as pCO2, H+ concentration, and so on the binding of O2 with haemoglobin.

  • Answer in brief

Q.1) State the steps involved in Respiration.

Ans. Respiration consists of the following steps

(i) Breathing, also known as pulmonary ventilation, is the process by which atmospheric air is brought in and CO2-rich alveolar air is out.

(ii) Gas diffusion (O2 and CO2) over the alveolar membrane.

(iii) Gases are transported via the blood.

(iv) O2 and CO2 diffusion in blood and tissues.

(v) Cells use O2 for catabolic processes, ending in CO2 production.

Q.2) What are the different forms of respiration in animals?

Ans. 1.) Lower invertebrates, such as sponges, coelenterates, and flatworms, exchange O2 with CO2 via simple diffusion across their entire body surface.

2.) Earthworms use their moist cuticle to move atmospheric air into their bodies, whereas insects use a network of tubes (tracheal tubes).

3.) Most aquatic arthropods and mollusks utilizevascularized organs called gills (branchial respiration), whereas terrestrial forms use vascularized sacks called lungs (pulmonary respiration) for gas exchange.

4.) Fishes utilized gills to breathe, whereas amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals use lungs. Amphibians, such as frogs, may also breathe through their moist skin (cutaneous respiration).

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