Important Questions for Class 11 Biology 12th Chapter Mineral Nutrition MCQ, Very Short, Short Type, Long Type
CBSE Class 11 Important Questions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 12 Mineral Nutrition all MCQ Type, Very Short Type, Assertion Reason Type, Case Study, Short Type and Long Type Questions with Answers by Expert. Important Questions for Section A, B, C, D Class 11 Biology Chapter 12.
- MCQs
Assertion: Deficiency symptom are the morphological changes are indicative ofcertain element deficiencies.
Reason: The deficiency symptoms vary from element to element and they disappear when the deficient mineral nutrient is provided to the plant.
a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.
d.) If both assertion and reason are false.
2.) Assertion: The deficiency symptoms of nitrogen, potassium and magnesium are visible first in the senescent leaves.
Reason: For elements that are actively mobilized within the plants and exported to young developing tissues, the deficiencysymptoms tend to appear first in the younger tissues.
a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.
d.) If both assertion and reason are false.
3.) Assertion: The deficiency symptoms tend to appear first in the young tissueswhenever the elements are relatively immobile.
Reason: These elements form a part of the structural component of the cell and hence arenot easily released.
a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.
d.) If both assertion and reason are false.
4.) Delay flowering is mainly seen due to deficiency of
a.) N
b.) S
c.) Mo
d.) All the above
5.) Assertion: The movement of ions is usually called flux
Reason: Inward flow into cells is referred to as influx, and outward movement is referred to as efflux.
a.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
b.) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c.) If assertion is true but the reason is false.
d.) If both assertion and reason are false.
6.) Nitrifying bacteria are
a.) chemoautotrophs
b.) chemoheterotrophs
c.) chemoorganotrophs
d.) photoautotrophs
7.) Nitrification is the
a.) Conversion of ammonia to nitrite
b.) Conversion of nitrites to nitrates
c.) Conversion of nitrites to nitrogen
d.) Formation of NH4+
8.) Examples of Free-living nitrogen fixing organisms is
a.) Pseudomonas
b.) Thiobacillus
c.) Frankia
d.) Nitrosomonas
9.) ________is required by meristematic and differentiating tissues
a.) Potassium
b.) Calcium
c.) Magnesium
d.) Sulphur
10.) Which of the following activates the enzymes of respiration, photosynthesis and are involved inthe synthesis of DNA and RNA?
a.) Potassium
b.) Calcium
c.) Magnesium
d.) Sulphur
- Answer in one sentence
Q.1) Define: Hydroponics
Ans. Hydroponics is a technique to grow plants in a soil free system, in a defined nutrient solution.
Q.2) How are plants categories based on their quantitativerequirements?
Ans. Macronutrients and Micronutrients are the two categories of quantitative requirements which form the basis of its classification
Q.3) When is element considered toxic?
Ans. Any mineral ion concentration in tissues that reduces the dry weight of tissues by 10% or more is hazardous or toxic.
Q.4) What is nitrogen fixation?
Ans. Nitrogenfixation is the process of converting nitrogen (N2) to ammonia.
Q.5) What is ammonification?
Ans. Ammonification is the process through which organic nitrogen from dead plants and animals decomposes into ammonia.
Q.6) State common deficiency symptoms of plants.
Ans. Some common deficiency signs include chlorosis, necrosis, stunted development, poor cell division, and so on.
- Answer in short
Q.1) What is critical concentration? When is plant nutrient said to be deficient?
Ans. 1.) Plant development is inhibited when the supply of a vital ingredient becomes limited.
2.) The critical concentration of an essential element is the concentration below which plant growth is reduced.
3.) When the element is present at less than the critical concentration, it is said to be deficient.
Q.2) Briefly explain biological nitrogen fixation.
Ans. 1.) Biological nitrogen fixation refers to the reduction of nitrogen to ammonia by living organisms.
2.) Nitrogenase, an enzyme capable of nitrogen reduction, is found only in prokaryotes.
3.) These bacteria are known as N2-fixers.
4.) Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms could be free-living or symbiotic in nature.
5.) Azotobacter and Beijerinckia are examples of free-living nitrogen-fixing aerobic microorganisms, whereas Rhodospirillum is anaerobic and free-living.
6.) A variety of cyanobacteria, including Anabaena and Nostoc, are also nitrogen-fixing free-living organisms.
Q.3) What is transamination reaction?
Ans. 1.) Transamination entails transferring an amino group from one amino acid to the keto group of another keto acid.
2.) Glutamic acid is the primary amino acid from which NH2, the amino group, and additional amino acids are produced via transamination.
3.) All of these processes are catalyzed by the enzyme transaminase.
Q.4) What is mineral nutrition?
Ans. 1.) The majority of the nutrients required for plant growth and development become available to the roots as a result of rock weathering and breakdown.
2.) These processes add dissolved ions and inorganic salts to the soil.
3.) Mineral nutrition refers to their significance in plant nutrition because they are derived from rock minerals.
Q.5) Short note: Mineral transport
Ans. 1.) Mineral salts are transported through the xylem with the ascending stream of water that is drawn up through the plant by transpiration pull.
2.) Mineral salts have been found in xylem sap after analysis.
3.) The use of radioisotopes of mineral elements further supports the notion that they are carried by the xylem.
- Answer in brief
Q.1) What are criteria for essentiality of an element?
Ans. The following are the requirements for an element’s essentiality:
(a) The element must be strictly required for normal growth and reproduction.
Plants will not be able to finish their life cycle or set seeds in the absence of the element.
(b) The element’s need must be specific and cannot be replaced by another element, that is, a lack of one element cannot be compensated for by giving another.
(c) Plant’s metabolism cannot occur in absence of that element.
Q.2) How are elements classified on the basis of their function?
Ans. (i) Essential elements (e.g., carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen) that are components of biomolecules and thus structural constituents of cells.
(ii) Essential elements found in plants that are components of energy-related chemical compounds (e.g., magnesium in chlorophyll and phosphorous in ATP).
(iii) Elements can also work inhibitors or activator. For example, Mg2+ is an activator for both ribulose bisphosphate carboxylaseoxygenase and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase, both of which are essential enzymes in photosynthetic carbon fixation.
(iv) Some important substances can change a cell’s osmotic potential. For example, Potassium is essential for the opening and closing of stomata.
Q.3) Explain the steps involved in nodule formation by Rhizobium in Soyabean.
Ans. Soyabean root nodule formation occurs as follows:
(a) Rhizobium bacteria contact a susceptible root hair and divide near it.
(b) successful infection of the root hair leads it to curl; and
(c) infected thread transports the bacteria to the inner cortex. The bacteria are transformed into rod-shaped Bacteroides, causing inner cortical and pericycle cells to divide.
Nodule formation is caused by the division and expansion of cortical and pericycle cells.
(d) A mature nodule is complete, with vascular tissues that are continuous with those of the root.