Human respiratory system

Human respiratory system is can be defined as mesh of tissues and organs that helps us for inspiration of oxygen and exspiration of carbon dioxide with the help of respiratory organs such as nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea also called as wind pipe and lungs.

  1. Inhalation : Inhalation means taking air more specifically oxygen from the surrounding.
  2. Exhalation : Exhalation means give the Carbon dioxide to external environment.

               Inhalation                                                                Exhalation

As we can see in diagram, in inhaled air 78 % of nitrogen is present, we breath air so it contains all types of gases and not single oxygen, after breathing humans exhale the air. Within the body oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs so in the next diagram of exhalation we can observe that the amount of carbon dioxide has been increased. The nitrogen amount is same in inhalation and exhalation that is 78 %. So the question why nitrogen amount remains same ? The answer is human body does not require nitrogen gas during respiration, not required in processing, so the amount of nitrogen remains same.

To carry out respiration, humans have respiratory system. The respiratory organs required for respiration, all the organs carry help in respiration that is gaseous exchange. Ventilation is the term used for proper amount of oxygen in the lungs.

The respiratory system includes nasal cavity,pharynx,  lungs, alveoli, diaphragm (dome shaped organ) and trachea.

Process of respiration as follows :

  1. Humans inhale the air through the nasal cavity.
  2. The inhaled air enters in the pharynx into trachea.
  3. The oxygen will enters into lungs through bronchioles.
  4. Within the bronchioles air passes from primary to secondary bronchioles and then lungs filled up with air and due to air within the lungs, the lungs expands in size.
  5. As the lungs expands, that means volume of lungs increase leads to contraction of diaphragm which is dome shaped organ that is situated below the lungs.
  6. Then air enters into alveoli, the alveoli provides actual area for gaseous exchange.
  7. Within the alveoli the oxygen exchange with carbon dioxide.
  8. Again during the exhalation process, the lungs contracts that means volume of lungs decreases and it leads to expansion of diaphragm.
  9. Then air leaves the lungs and through the nasal cavity the air exhaled outside.

Question and answers :

1) Define respiration.

Answer :- Respiration can be termed as gaseous exchange, basically two types of gases are exchanged such as Oxygen and Carbon dioxide.

2) What is mean by ventilation ?

Answer :- Ventilation is the term used for proper amount of oxygen in the lungs.

Where is the gaseous exchange occurs in the body ?

Answer :- The alveoli provides actual area for gaseous exchange.

3) Enlist the parts of respiratory system.

Answer :- The respiratory system includes nasal cavity, pharynx,  lungs, alveoli, diaphragm (dome shaped organ) and trachea.

4) Explain the pathway of respiration ?

Answer :- Humans inhale the air through the nasal cavity.

  • The inhaled air enters in the pharynx into trachea.
  • The oxygen will enters into lungs through bronchioles.
  • Within the bronchioles air passes from primary to secondary bronchioles and then lungs filled up with air and due to air within the lungs, the lungs expands in size.
  • As the lungs expands, that means volume of lungs increase leads to contraction of diaphragm which is dome shaped organ that is situated below the lungs.
  • Then air enters into alveoli, the alveoli provides actual area for gaseous exchange.
  • Within the alveoli the oxygen exchange with carbon dioxide.
  • Again during the exhalation process, the lungs contracts that means volume of lungs decreases and it leads to expansion of diaphragm.
  • Then air leaves the lungs and through the nasal cavity the air exhaled outside.

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