The excretion can be defined as the substances which are excess in the body are excrete out or to eliminate the process is called excretion. To perform the excretion the group of organs work together and from a system called as excretory system.
Functions of excretory system :
1.) To eliminate nitrogenous waste.
2.) To maintain osmolarity of the body.
3.) Regulate blood pressure.
4.) To maintain homeostasis.
This excretory system contains various types of parts such as kidney, ureters, urethra and urinary bladder. As we can see in diagram :
So let’s start the discussion with the parts of excretory system.
1.) Kidney :
- There are 2 kidneys present in the healthy normal individual. Kidneys are part of the excretory system.
- Kidneys situated below the abdomen and it is a bean shaped organ.
- The measurement of adult kidney is about 12 cm long, 6 cm wide and 3cm thick.
- Each kidney weigh about 150 -170 gm in weight.
- The kidney contains renal artery and renal veins.
- The area in the kidney where renal artery, renal vein and ureter meet called renal hilum.
- The structural unit of kidney is called as nephron.
Functions of kidney :
- Regulation of blood pressure.
- Regulate acid base balance in the body.
- Kidney controls the amount of fluids and solute in the body.
- It regulates endocrine function.
2.) Ureters :
- The ureters are part of urinary system, which are attached to kidney from one side and to urinary bladder on other side.
- These ureters are made up of smooth muscles.
- Ureters are usually 20-30 cm long and 3-4 mm in diameter.
- These thin tubes carry urine from kidney to urinary bladder.
Functions of ureters :
- Transportation of urine from kidney to urinary bladder.
3.) Urinary bladder :
- Urinary bladder also called as bladder. It is present beneath the ureters.
- The urinary bladder is muscular organ which temporarily stores the urine.
- The normal capacity of urinary bladder to store the urine is 400- 600 ml.
- The urinary bladder wall will expand to store urine and relax during urination.
4.) Urethra :
- Urethra is a thin muscular tube to pass the urine outside the body.
- Inborn have involuntary muscles of urethra. Involuntary means the muscles cannot be controlled by own.
- Adults have voluntary muscles of urethra.
- When brain signals to urethra, at that time urination occurs.
Question and answers :
1.) What is excretion ?
Answer :- The excretion can be defined as the substances which are excess in the body are excrete out or to eliminate the process is called excretion. To perform the excretion the group of organs work together and from a system called as excretory system.
2.) What are the parts of excretory system ?
Answer :- This excretory system contains various types of parts such as kidney, ureters, urethra and urinary bladder.
3.) Explain kidney in detail.
Answer :- There are 2 kidneys present in the healthy normal individual. Kidneys are part of the excretory system. Kidneys situated below the abdomen and it is a bean shaped organ.The measurement of adult kidney is about 12 cm long, 6 cm wide and 3cm thick.Each kidney weigh about 150 -170 gm in weight.The kidney contains renal artery and renal veins.The area in the kidney where renal artery, renal vein and ureter meet called renal hilum. The structural unit of kidney is called as nephron.
Functions of kidney :
- Regulation of blood pressure.
- Regulate acid base balance in the body.
- Kidney controls the amount of fluids and solute in the body.
- It regulates endocrine function.
4.) Describe the term ureters.
Answer :-The ureters are part of urinary system, which are attached to kidney from one side and to urinary bladder on other side.These ureters are made up of smooth muscles.Ureters are usually 20-30 cm long and 3-4 mm in diameter.These thin tubes carry urine from kidney to urinary bladder.
Functions of ureters :
- Transportation of urine from kidney to urinary bladder.
5.) What are the functions of urinary bladder ?
Answer :-
- Urinary bladder also called as bladder. It is present beneath the ureters.
- The urinary bladder is muscular organ which temporarily stores the urine.
- The normal capacity of urinary bladder to store the urine is 400- 600 ml.
- The urinary bladder wall will expand to store urine and relax during urination.
6.) Define the term urethra and its functions.
Answer :-
- Urethra is a thin muscular tube to pass the urine outside the body.
2. Inborn have involuntary muscles of urethra. Involuntary means the muscles cannot be controlled by own.
3. Adults have voluntary muscles of urethra.
4. When brain signals to urethra, at that time urination occurs.