Excessive urbanisation is a menace Essay

Essay on Excessive urbanisation is a menace for Class 12, Mains Exam (UPSC, PSC, SSC)

Excessive urbanisation is a menace Essay writingExcessive urbanisation is a menace Essay : Urbanisation refers to the shift of population from rural areas to urban areas and this migration takes place due to push factors and pull factors. The pull factors are those that attract rural people to the urban areas, one such factor being jobs and the push factors such as poor living conditions compel the rural people to shift their location to the urban areas. Since 1941, India has seen drastic growth in metropolitan cities such as Kolkata, Delhi, Chennai and Mumbai. Due to the industrial revolution, many people shifted to urban areas in expectation of a better standard of living. However excessive urbanisation is not a boon, instead, it is a menace as it leads to overcrowding which brings forth several others issues.

Discussion

Urbanization is common in a developing nation like India.  Various factors such as economic advantages, health care facilities, education opportunities and developed transportation facilities have led the rural people to shift to the urban areas. With the advent of industrialisation, employment opportunities have increased which has captivated the rural people all the more. Furthermore, the social benefits and services prompt the rural inhabitants to settle in the urban areas. Every year, the rate of urbanisation in India increases by 1.5 per cent.  This indicator between 20101 and 2021, increased by 19.6 per cent. Nevertheless, with the advantages that urbanisation brings, excess of it leads to menace.

Firstly, the development of slums is one such menace caused by urbanisation, and people living in those areas face poor health facilities, sanitation issues, inadequate drainage and food facilities. With the degraded living conditions, they suffer from hunger and get trapped in the web of poverty. Thus they are deprived to get access to education and healthcare facilities. In India, the rate of the growth of slums has increased significantly.

Secondly, traffic congestion is another issue that has resulted from urbanisation. One of the most congested cities caused by urbanisation is Mumbai. The congestion level in this city accounted for about 53 per cent. An increase in traffic congestion gives rise to problems such as greater fuel use, a large number of accidents, inadequate productivity, sufficient time loss and pollution.

Thirdly, the rate of crime has increased with the expansion of the urban population. People who cannot find a suitable job for themselves engage in criminal activities to earn their living. Some of the unemployed youths take to alcoholism, and drugs to bring down their stress level. For instance, the rate of theft in India increased and about 586 thousand thefts case are reported across the country.

Fourthly, the spread of infectious diseases has cropped up with the expansion of urbanization. As the people living in close proximity or in the slums lack the proper sanitation facilities, they easily get affected by contagious diseases. Very often they get affected by tuberculosis, dengue, and malaria by thriving in unhealthy and overcrowded environments.

Conclusion

To surmise, it can be said that, excessive urbanisation jeopardises the life of the people. It creates a population explosion thereby making the people suffer from unemployment and plunging them into a lower standard of living. Furthermore, excess urbanisation accelerates urban crimes, the growth of slums and traffic congestion.

FAQs on Excessive urbanisation is a menace

Q1. State the causes of urbanisation.

Ans: The causes of urbanisation are poor living conditions, access to health care facilities, employment and education opportunities.

Q2. Do you think that excess urbanisation is a menace?

Ans: Yes, because excess urbanisation leads to problems such as urban crimes, growth of slums, poor standards of living, unhygienic living conditions and traffic congestion to name a few.

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Updated: December 3, 2022 — 7:32 pm

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