When we see the electric arrangement of different types of components in our home. When you switch on the key of fan, the then fan get suddenly on. what happened when you switch on the key of fan? What is the arrangement inside it. We discuss this concept.
To understand this, firstly we discuss about some mostly common electrical components.
1) Electric cell: Electric cell is used in circuit as a source of energy. It creates potential difference to moves the electric charge. It has two terminals, one is positive and another is negative.The symbol of electric cell is as
2) Combination of cells:
Sometimes we require more voltage, then we connect multiple cells. The combination of cell is denoted as above
3) Key:
Key is used in circuit to connect and disconnect the power supply to the electronic devices. There are various type of keys used in circuits. The symbols of key are as
4) Wire joint:
You want to connect multiple instrument or you have insufficient length of wire then you connect two or more wires at same terminal such arrangements is denoted as
5) Wire Crossing Without Joint:
6) Electric bulb:.If you connected bulb in the circuits then every time it is not convenient to grow the symbol of bulb. So electric bulb is shown in circuits as
7) Resistor: The components controls the current is called resistor. The symbol of that is as
8) Variable resistor or rheostat: sometime you need to vary the resistance in circuit then use rheostat. You change the speed of fan using variable resistor. The symbol of variable resistor is as
9) Voltmeter:
The device which measure potential difference between two points is called voltmeter. It has positive and negative terminal. Voltmeter always connect in parallel.
Ammeter: The device which measure electric current is called ammeter. It also has two terminals. Ammeter always connect in series.
These are mostly common used electrical components. Every time we can not draw the diagram of electronics components in electric circuit. It is also not convenient . To solve this problem, we draw the symbol of that components
Now we can study electric circuits:The systematic arrangement of the electric components are called as electric circuits.
Example of circuit diagram is as shown in fig
This is an example of electric circuit. Resistor and electric bulb are connected in series with rheostat. The switch is used to make circuit off and on. Also ammeter is connected in series to measure the current flowing in it. You can also connect voltmeter to measure voltage.
You can also understand the electric circuit in your home. The electric board is work as source of voltage. The fan is bulb is connected in series with that bulb.
The circuit diagram of this is as.
Q) Calculate the current flowing through above circuit. If board provides voltage of 220 V and the bulb having resistor 110 Ohm.
Solution: According to ohms law
V = IR
I = V/R
= 220/110
= 2 A
The current flow through bulb is 2 A.
Always remember, the voltage in home is a different type of voltage than battery. Battery provides direct voltage (DC voltage has constant positive and negative poles).
The voltage in our home is alternating voltage ( AC voltage changes it’s positive and negative poles periodically)
Q) Define electric circuit.
Q) State the use of
- Battery
- Rheostats
- Bulb
- Voltmeter.
Q) can you tell the name of any other device which measure the potential difference.
Q) which devices in your home is work as source of energy?