Chhattisgarh State Board Class 10 Science Chapter 11 Chemistry of Nonmetals Exercise Multiple Choice, Fill in the Blanks, Questions and Answers here.
Chhattisgarh State Class 10 Science Chapter 11 Solution
1) Choose the correct option –
(i) The solution in water of which of the following will be acidic
(a) Na2O (b) CO2
(c) MgO (d) H2O.
Ans: – (b) CO2.
(ii) Which of the following elements does not exhibit allotropy
(a) Sodium (b) Oxygen
(c) sulphur (d) phosphorus.
Ans: – (a) Sodium.
(iii) Which among the following is a metalloid
(a) oxygen (b) helium
(c) magnesium (d) arsenic.
Ans: – (d) arsenic.
(iv) Noble gases do not react with other elements because
(a) They are monoatomic gases (b) Their atomic size is small
(c) Their outermost shell is full (d) They are found in abundant amounts.
Ans: – (c) Their outermost shell is full.
(v) The gas obtained on heating potassium permanganate is
(a) nitrogen (b) oxygen
(c) hydrogen (d) helium.
Ans: – (b) oxygen.
2) Fill in the blanks
(i) The most electronegative element is ………fluorine……. (chlorine/ fluorine).
(ii) Carbon is …less……… (more/less) reactive as compared to oxygen.
(iii) Non-metals are found at the ……right……….(right/ left) side of the periodic table.
(iv)..….Hydrogen…. (hydrogen/ nitrogen) gas is obtained when granulated zinc is reacted with dilute acid or alkali.
3) Compare the physical properties of metals and non-metals.
Ans: –
|
Metal |
Non-metal |
| Solid and hard in nature (except sodium) | Mostly soft (except Diamond) |
| Electropositive in nature. | Electronegative in nature. |
| Except mercury all metal is solid in nature. | Non-metalis present in both solid, liquid and gases state. |
4) Write the balanced chemical equations for formation of chlorides and oxides of the following elements – hydrogen, phosphorous, sodium and magnesium.
Ans: – For chloride: –
H2 + Cl2 –> 2HCl; P4 + 6Cl2 –> 4PCl3;2Na + Cl2 –> 2NaCl;
Mg + Cl2 –> MgCl2;
For oxides: ;
2H2 + O2 –> 2H2O; P4 + 5O2 –> 2P2O5;4Na + O2 –> 2Na2O
2Mg + O2 –> 2MgO;
5) Write the equation and corresponding conditions for reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen.
Ans: – The equation is, N2 + 3H2 –> 2NH3;
Here we must assure that the temperature of this reaction will be between 200℃ to 400℃.
6) “Hydrogen can be placed either in group 1 or in group 17”. Do you agree with this statement or disagree? Give reasons.
Ans: – Hydrogen can be placed in group 1 or in group 17 because of its property. As we all know that hydrogen electronic configuration talks about its places but it shows the same characteristics of group 17 elements.
7) Why are helium, neon, krypton, argon, xenon and radon known as inert gases?
Ans: – The helium, neon, Krypton, argon, xenon and radon are known as inert gases as the outer most shell of this inert gas is completely fill. As their outermost shell is completely filled with electron they don’t react with another elements.
8) Explain the following industrial uses of hydrogen-
(a) Heat production on combustion.
Ans: – The heat produced when the molecular hydrogen reacts with the oxygen present in air. This reaction produces about 286 kj of heat.
2H2 + O2 –> 2H2O + 286 kj/mol.
(b) Reaction with vegetable oils in the presence of a catalyst.
Ans: – The reaction of hydrogen with the vegetables are know as the hydrogenation reaction in this reaction in presence of different catalyst like nickel or platinum hydrogen remove the organic material present in vegetables.
9) What happens when potassium permanganate is heated? Explain giving balanced equation.
Ans: – 2KMnO4 –> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2; when we heated up the potassium permanganate with then manganese dioxide, potassium magnet and oxygen gas is produced which have given by the upper reaction.
10) Gas ‘A’ is formed when granulated zinc reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid. It reacts with oxide ‘B’ and reduces it to copper metal. Write the names of ‘A’ and ‘B’ and also give the equations for the described reactions.
Ans: – Zinc after the reaction with diluted hydrochloride acid it liberated the hydrogen has so A will be H2.
Zn + 2HCl –> ZnCl2 + H2;
CuO + H2 –> Cu + H2O; so, when copper metal oxides react with hydrogen it produces water so B will be H2O.
11) Sevati took sulphur powder in deflagrating spoon, heated it and collected the gas formed in atest tube. What will happen when moist red and blue litmus papers are taken near the mouth of the test tube and why? Write the chemical equations for the reactions taking place.
Ans: – The reaction will be, S + O2 –> SO2 ;
As sulphur is non metal the red litmus paper is taken near the mouth of the test tube there will be no changes. But in blue litmus paper will changes to red because of oxidation.
12) The processes described below are due to which property of hydrogen-
a.) A hydrogen filled balloon floats in air.
Ans: – The hydrogen is the lightest gases from all other gases. So when we poured this hydrogen to the balloon then it floats in the air because of light hydrogen present in it.
b.) A ‘pop’ sound is heard when a lighted matchstick is taken near the mouth of a hydrogen filled gas jar.
Ans: – The combustible nature of hydrogen is the main reason behind this pop sound produced in the gas jar. As after reaction with the hydrogen gas the matchstick burn and produced the pop sounds.
13) Compound X, which is used for drinking, has pH value 7. Electrolysis of an acidic solution of X gives gases Y and Z. The volume of Y is twice that of Z. Y burns rapidly while Z supports burning. Identify X, Y and Z and write the equations for the described reactions.
Ans: – The compound which has PH value 7 and used for drinking is water or H2O. And the y and z mentioned here is hydrogen and oxygen.
The reaction which was seen in electrolysis is given under,
2H2O => 2H2 + O2
