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CBSE Sample Paper Class 7 Science Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate
Chapter : Weather, climate and adaptations of animals to climate
Multiple choice questions: (marks:1× 3)
1.) The weather reports are prepared by the:
A.) Meteorological department
B.) Zoological department
C.) Climatological department
Ans: Meteorological department.
2.) ………..is the primary source of energy.
A.) Wind
B.) Water
C.) Sun
Ans: Sun.
3.) Rainforest cover about:
A.) 5% of the Earth’s surface
B.) 6% of the Earth’s surface
C.) 7% of the Earth’s surface
Ans: 6% of the Earth’s surface.
Answer the following questions: (marks:1×6)
1.) By which instrument rainfall is measured?
Ans: By rain gauge rainfall is measured.
2.) What are called the elements of the weather?
Ans: The temperature, humidity, and other factors are called the elements of the weather.
3.) When did the maximum and minimum temperature of a day occur?
Ans: The maximum temperature of the day occurs generally in the afternoon while the minimum temperature occurs generally in the early morning.
4.) What is a rain gauge?
Ans: Rainfall is measured by an instrument called the rain gauge. Rain gauge is basically a measuring cylinder with a funnel on top to collect rainwater.
5.) What is called the weather?
Ans: The day to day condition of the atmosphere at a place with respect to the temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, etc., is called the weather at that place.
6.) What is called climate?
Ans: The average weather pattern taken over a long time, say 25 years, is called the climate of the place.
Answer the following questions: (marks: 2×4)
1.) What is the function of the meteorological department?
Ans: The weather reports are prepared by the Meteorological Department of the Government. The main function of this department is to collect data on temperature, wind, etc., and make weather predictions.
2.) What are called the maximum and minimum thermometer?
Ans: There are special thermometers to record the maximum and minimum temperature everyday. These are called maximum and minimum thermometers. The maximum temperature of the day occurs generally in the afternoon while the minimum temperature occurs generally in the early morning.
3.) Write down the names of some polar region countries?
Ans: Some well known countries that belong to the polar regions are Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Alaska in U.S.A. and Siberian region of Russia.
4.) Write down the names of some countries where tropical rainforest is found?
Ans: Some countries where the tropical rainforests are found are India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brazil, Republic of Congo, Kenya, Uganda, and Nigeria.
Answer the following questions: (marks: 3×1)
1.) Write down the difference between weather and climate?
Ans:
Weather |
Climate |
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Answer the following questions: (marks:5×3)
1.) Write down the difference between polar region and tropical region.
Ans:
Polar region: | Tropical region: |
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2.) How polar bears and penguins survived in the polar region?
Ans: The polar regions present an extreme climate. These regions are covered with snow and it is very cold for most part of the year. For six months the sun does not set at the poles while for the other six months the sun does not rise. In winters, the temperature can be as low as –37°C. Animals living there have adapted to these severe conditions.
- Polar bears have white fur so that they are not easily visible in the snowy white background. It protects them from their predators. It also helps them in catching their prey. To protect them from extreme cold, they have two thick layers of fur. They also have a layer of fat under their skin. In fact, they are so well-insulated that they have to move slowly and rest often to avoid getting overheated. Physical activities on warm days necessitate cooling. So, the polar bear goes for swimming. It is a good swimmer. Its paws are wide and large, which help it not only to swim well but also walk with ease in the snow. While swimming under water, it can close its nostrils and can remain under water for long durations. It has a strong sense of smell so that it can catch its prey for food.
- Another well-known animal living in the polar regions is the penguin. It is also white and merges well with the white background. It also has a thick skin and a lot of fat to protect it from cold. You may have seen pictures of penguins huddled together. This they do to keep warm. Like polar bears, penguins are also good swimmers. Their bodies are stream lined and their feet have webs, making them good swimmers. Other animals living in the polar regions are many types of fishes, musk oxen, reindeers, foxes, seals, whales, and birds. It is to be noted that while fish can remain under cold water for long, birds must remain warm to survive. They migrate to warmer regions when winter sets in. They come back after the winter is over. Probably India is one of the destinations of many of these birds.
3.) How did the animals survive in the tropical rainforest?
Ans: The tropical region has generally a hot climate because of its location around the equator. Even in the coldest month the temperature is generally higher than about 15°C. During hot summers, the temperature may cross 40°C. Days and nights are almost equal in length throughout the year. These regions get plenty of rainfall. An important feature of this region is the tropical rainforests. Because of continuous warmth and rain, this region supports wide variety of plants and animals. The major types of animals living in the rainforests are monkeys, apes, gorillas, tigers, elephants, leopards, lizards, snakes, birds and insects. The climatic conditions in rainforests are highly suitable for supporting an enormous number and a variety of animals. Since the numbers are large, there is intense competition for food and shelter.
- Many animals are adapted to living on trees. Red-eyed frog has developed sticky pads on its feet to help it climb trees on which it lives.
- To help them live on the trees, monkeys have long tails for grasping branches. Their hands and feet are such that they can easily hold on to the branches.
- As there is competition for food, some animals are adapted to get food not easily reachable.
- A striking example is that of the bird Toucan, which possesses a long, large beak. This helps a toucan to reach the fruits on branches which are otherwise too weak to support its weight.
- Many tropical animals have sensitive hearing, sharp eyesight, thick skin and a skin colour which helps them to camouflage by blending with the surroundings. This is to protect them from predators. For example, big cats (lions and tigers) have thick skins and sensitive hearing.
- The lion-tailed macaque (also called Beard ape) lives in the rainforests of Western Ghats. Its most outstanding feature is the silver-white mane, which surrounds the head from the cheeks down to its chin. It is a good climber and spends a major part of its life on the tree. It feeds mainly on fruits. It also eats seeds, young leaves, stems, flowers and buds. This beardape also searches for insects under the bark of the trees. Since it is able to get sufficient food on the trees, it rarely comes down on the ground.
- Another well-known animal of Indian tropical rainforest is the elephant It has adapted to the conditions of rainforests in many remarkable ways. It uses it’s trunk as a nose because of which it has a strong sense of smell. The trunk is also used by it for picking up food. Moreover, its tusks are modified teeth. These can tear the bark of trees that elephant loves to eat. So, the elephant is able to handle the competition for food rather well. Large ears of the elephant help it to hear even very soft sounds. They also help the elephant to keep cool in the hot and humid climate of the rainforest. That’s how different animals uses different ways to survived in the tropical rainforest.