AP SSC 10th Class Physical Science Chapter 14 Solution – Carbon and its Compound
Andhra Pradesh SSC 10th Class Physical Science Chapter 14 Carbon and its Compound Solution for AP SSC 10th Class Physics/Chemistry Exam. Lots of Students of Andhra Pradesh Board will search on internet for Andhra Pradesh Class 10 Physical Science Textbook Solution or Study Material for AP SSC 10th exam. Here you search will end! Here in this page we have provided for all question answer for Chapter 14 Carbon and its Compound.
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AP 10th Class Physics Chapter 14 Carbon and its Compound Solution
(1) Name the simplest hydrocarbon. (AS1)
Ans: – CH4 or methane is the simplest hydrocarbon.
(2) What are the general molecular formulae of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes? (AS1)
Ans: – The general molecular formulae of alkanes are CnH2n+2, alkenes is CnH2n and alkynes is CnH2n-2.
(3) Name the carboxylic acid used as a preservative. (AS1)
Ans: – Acetic acid or CH3COOH is used as preservative.
(4) Name the product other than water formed on burning of ethanol in air. (AS1)
Ans: – The product that formed on burning of ethanol in air is CO2.
(5) Give the IUPAC name of the following compounds. If more than one compound is possible name all of them. (AS1)
i) An aldehyde derived from ethane.
ii) A ketone derived from butane.
iii) A chloride derived from propane.
iv) An alcohol derived from pentane.
Ans:-i) The IUPAC name of an aldehyde derived from ethane is ethanol.
ii) A ketone derived from butane is butanone.
iii) A chloride derived from propane is chloropropane.
iv) An alcohol derived from pentane is pentanol.
(6) A mixture of oxygen and ethyne is burnt for welding; can you tell why a mixture of ethyne and air is not used? (AS1)
Ans:-When oxygen and ethyne burnt for welding high temperature produce in this react with flame. So in this high temperature welding is not possible.
(7) Explain with the help of a chemical equation, how an addition reaction is used in vegetable ghee industry. (AS1)
Ans: – In the presence of Nickle catalyst the hydrogen gas in reaction with hydrogen vegetable oil is produce.
C2H4 + H2 —-/Ni at 15℃—>C2H6
(8) a. What are the various possible structural formulae of a compound having molecularformulaC3H6O? (AS1)
b. Give the IUPAC names of the above possible compounds and represent them in structures. (AS1)
c. What is the similarity in these compounds? (AS1)
Ans:-
c) As we see that it the compound there are at least on double bond so they are unsaturated.
(9) Name the simplest ketone and write its molecular formula. (AS1)
Ans:- The simplest ketone is propanone and its molecular formula is CH3COCH3.
(10)What do we call the Self linking property of carbon? (AS1)
Ans:- The self linking property of the carbon is known as the catenation. As the carbon compound form bond in between them to help in other reaction this property is a catenation property.
(11) Name the compound formed by heating ethanol at 443 K with excess of conc. H2 SO4. (AS1)
Ans: – In reaction with conc. H2SO4 ethanol it produces ethane gas.
CH3CH2OH + conc.H2SO4 = C2H4 + H2O.
(12) Give an example for esterification reaction. (AS1)
Ans:- In reaction between alcohol and carboxylic acid ester is produce .
RCOOH + ROH = RCOOR + H2O
(13)Name the product obtained when ethanol is oxidized by either chromic anhydride or alkaline potassium permanganate. (AS1)
Ans:-The product will be ethanoic acid which will form after oxidized by alkaline potassium permanganate.
(14) Write the chemical equation representing the reaction of preparation of ethanol from ethane.(AS1)
Ans: – Ethane in the presence of sunlight react with Cl2 and form chloroethane and this chloroethane after reaction with NaOH form ethanol.
CH3CH3 —Cl2/light-→ CH3CH2Cl. ; CH3CH2Cl. +. NaOH → CH3CH2OH.
(15) Write the IUPAC name of the next homologous of CH3OHCH2CH3. (AS1)
Ans: – The IUPAC name of the next homologous of CH3OHCH2CH3 is but-2-ol.
(16) Define homologous series of carbon compounds; Mention any two characteristics of homologousseries. (AS1)
Ans: – In a series of carbon when the different between them is Only the CH2 group then this series is called homologous. For example CH2, CH4.
The characteristics is -i) similar property is seen between them.
ii) Only difference between them is just the no of CH2 group.
(17) Give the names of functional groups (i) -CHO (ii) -C=0. (AS1)
Ans: – CHO is known as aldehyde and -c=O is known as ketone group.
(18) Why does carbon form compounds mainly by covalent bonding? (AS1)
Ans: – Carbon gas 4 electron in its outside shell so in this configuration only sharing of electron is possible. For this condition carbon shows covalent bond.
(19) Allotropy is a property shown by which class substance: elements, compounds or mixtures?Explain allotropy with suitable examples. (AS1)
Ans:-Allotropy is a property shown by elements. Allotropy is nothing but the different from of an element.
Example:- As we allotropy to carbon we see carbon has different from coal ,coke, are the amorphous form whereas graphite is a crystalline form.
(20) Explain how sodium ethoxide is obtained from ethanol? Give chemical equations. (AS1)
Ans: – After reaction with solid sodium ethanol produce H2 and sodium ethoxide.
2CH3CH2OH + 2Na —> 2C2H5ONa + H2.
(22) Explain the cleansing action of soap. (AS1)
Ans: – As we known from the character of soap that it two end one polar and non-polar end. The non-polar end of shows or hydrophobic character of soap pull out the dirt from the cloths.
(23) Distinguish between esterification and saponification reactions of organic compounds. (AS1)
Ans:-The carboxylic acid and the alcohol in presence of conc. H2SO4 makes ester this is known as esterification whereas the ester with alkali sodium hydroxide makes the alcohol and carboxylic acid black which reaction is known as saponification reaction.
(24) Explain the structure of graphite in term of bonding and give one property based on this structure. (AS1)
Ans:
(25) Name the acid present in vinegar. (AS1)
Ans: – The acid which present in vinegar is carboxylic acid.
(26) What happens when a small piece of sodium is dropped into ethanol? (AS2)
Ans: – When a small piece of sodium is dropped into ethanol then sodium ethoxide is formed.
2C2H5OH + 2Na –> 2C2H5ONa + H2.
(27) Two carbon compounds A and B have molecular formula C3H8 and C3H6 respectively. Which one of the two is most likely to show addition? Justify your answer. (AS2)
Ans:-The C3H6 is unsaturated so it will take part in addition reaction. As we unsaturated hydrocarbon take part in addition reaction.
(28) Suggest a test to find the hardness of water and explain the procedure. (AS3)
Ans:-If we take two test tube and fills with hand pump water and another fills with distilled water add soap to this test tube. After some time we will see that the test tube which has distilled water has more foam and other has white precipitate over it. So we came to this conclusion that as the presence of magnesium and calcium ion second test tube having hand pump water show white precipitate. So hardness of water is shown here.
(29) Suggest a chemical test to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid and explain the procedure.(AS3)
Ans:-Ethanol doesn’t react with Na2CO3 but ethanoic acid after reaction with it produces sodium ethanoate.
CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → CH3COONa + CO2.
(30) An organic compound ‘X’ with a molecular formula C2H6O undergoes oxidation with alkaline KMnO4 and forms the compound ‘Y’ that has molecular formula C2H4O2. (AS3)
a) Identify ‘X’ and ‘Y’
b) Write your observation regarding the product when the compound ‘X’ is made to react with compound ‘Y’ which is used as a preservative for pickles.
Ans:- a) So X should be ethanol and Y should be ethanoic acid.
b) The reaction between ethanol and ethanoic acid form ester. CH3CH2OH + CH3COOH —> CH3CH2OCOCH3 (ester) + H2O.
(31) Prepare models of methane, ethane and ethene molecules using clay balls and match sticks. (AS4)
Ans:
(33) Draw the electronic dot structure of ethane molecule (C2H6). (AS5)
Ans:
(36) An organic compound with molecular formula C2H4O2 produces brisk effervescence on additionof sodium carbonate / bicarbonate) Answer the following:
a) Identify the organic compound) (AS1)
b) Write the chemical equation for the above reaction) (AS1)
c) Name the gas evolved) (AS2)
d) How will you test the gas evolved? (AS3)
e) List two important uses of the above compound) (AS1)
Ans: – a) The organic compound be CH3COOH.
b) CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → CH3COONa + CO2.
c) The gas which involved in this reaction is CO2.
d) If we keep some lime water in the test tube we will see that it turns milky so we be sure that gas is involved.
e) The uses of CH3COOH is to storage pickle and to make vinegar.
37) 1 ml glacial acetic acid and 1ml of ethanol are mixed together in a test tube) Few drops of concentrate sulphuric acid is added in the mixture are warmed in a water bath for 5 min.
Answer the following:
a) Name the resultant compound formed) (AS2)
b) Represent the above change by a chemical equation) (AS1)
c) What term is given to such a reactions) (AS1)
d) What are the special characteristics of the compound formed? (AS1)
Ans:-
a) The resultant compound will be ester.
b) CH3COOH + C2H5OH (acid) Cat.) —> CH3COOCH2CH3 + H2O.
c) This an example of esterification reaction.
d) The compound is ester so it smell must be sweet and if we talk about its uses it will used in to make perfume.
FILL IN THE BLANKS
1) Carbon compounds containing double and triple bonds are called __unsaturated hydrocarbon____
2) A compound which is basic constituent of many cough syrups ___ethanol____
3) Very dilute solution of ethanoic acid __ethanol______
4) A sweet odour substance formed by the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid is ester_.
5) When sodium metal is dropped in ethanol ___hydrogen______ gas will be released.
6) The functional group present in methanol is __alcohol___
7) IUPAC name of alkene containing 3 carbon atoms is _propene____
8) The first member of homologous series among alkynes is _ethyene______
9) The product that is formed by dehydration of ethanol in conc) sulphuric acid is __ethene____.
10) Number of single covalent bonds in ammonia are _3___
11) Type of reactions shown by alkanes is ____substitution reaction_____
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1) Which of the four test tubes containing the following chemicals shows the brisk effervescence when dilute acetic acid was added to them?
i) KOH ii) NaHCO3
iii) K2 iv) NaCl
Ans: – a) i & ii b)
2) Which of the following solution of acetic acid in water can be used as preservative?
Ans:-a) 5-10%
3) The suffix used for naming an aldehyde is :-
a) al
4) Acetic acid, when dissolved in water, it dissociates into ions reversibly because it is a:
a) Weak acid
5) Which one of the following hydrocarbon can show isomerism? : –
c) C3H8.
6) Combustion of hydrocarbon is generally accompanied by the evolution of:-
c) both heat and light
7) 2ml of ethanoic acid was taken in each of the three test tubes A, B and C and 2ml, 4ml and 8ml water was added to them, respectively) A clear solution is obtained in :-
d) All the test tubes.
8) If 2 ml of acetic acid was added slowly in drops to 5ml of water then we will notice:-
c) formation of clear and homogeneous solution.
9) A few drops of ethanoic acid were added to solid sodium carbonate) the possible results of the reactions are: –
a) A hissing sound was evolved