Acid is the compound or solution which loses H⁺ ions during ionization process. H⁺A is general formula of acids. pH value of acids is found in the range from 0 to 6.9. The word Acid is derived from the Latin word acere meaning sour. Mostly substance which have sour taste are acidic in nature, For example lemon and vinegar has sour taste and they are acidic in nature.
Classification of acids:
Acids can be classified into two types first is natural acids and second is mineral acids.
Natural acid is also called as organic acid.
Natural acids are found in natures.
Commonly natural acids are present in food items such as:
Vinegar – Acetic acid Ant – Formic acid
Apple – Malic acid
Lemon and Oranges – Citric acid
Tomato – Ascorbic acid
Milk – Lactic acid
Tamarind – Tartaric acid
Mineral acids are also known as inorganic acid.
Mostly mineral acids are prepared in laboratory.
Common laboratory acids like nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and sulphuric acids are mineral
acids or inorganic acids.
Properties of acids:
Acids are good conductors of electricity.
Acid neutralize bases to form salt and water.
Acid are sour in taste.
Acids are soluble in water.
Acids reacts when in contact with metals.
As shown in figure blue litmus paper changes its colour to red when comes in contact with acids.
Questions and Answers:
1.) What is acid ?
Answer: Acid can be defined as the compound or solution which loses H⁺ ion during ionization process.
2.) What are the types of acid?
Answer: Acid are divided in two types natural acid and mineral acid.
3.) State the properties of acid?
Answer: Acids are good conductors of electricity.
Acids neutralize bases to form salt and water.
Acids are sour in taste.